Subclinical psychopathy, interpersonal workplace exchanges and moral emotions through the lens of affective events theory (AET)

The purpose of this paper is to better comprehend the subclinical psychopath’s intra and interpersonal moral emotions in the context of their natural habitat, the workplace alongside implications for employees and organisations. This study draws on Affective Events Theory (AET) to illuminate this dark-side phenomenon. Thematic analysis is used to identify themes from qualitative data collected from a small sample of interviews conducted with HRM Directors and other managers The findings show that the subclinical psychopath is agentic being unfettered by intra, self-directed conscious moral emotions. The predominant moral emotion directed at employees during interpersonal workplace exchanges, is typically anger. However, it appears likely the subclinical psychopath fakes this moral emotion as a smokescreen for manipulative and exploitative gains The predominant moral emotion directed by employees towards the subclinical psychopath is fear. Employees resort to avoidance and withdrawal behaviour and intentions to quit become a reality. This has pernicious implications for organisations in terms of productivity and effectiveness. Notwithstanding the difficulties associated with this type of research and participants, future empirical testing is required. HRM has an important role to play. The signalling quality of employees’ moral emotions and subsequent dysfunctional avoidance and withdrawal behaviour can provide valuable information to HRM in the detection of subclincial psychopaths which is acknowledged as notoriously difficult. This study makes an important contribution to scholarship on subclincal psychopathy and makes novel use of Affective Events Theory (AET) to explore this personality type as a driver of employees’ negative workplace emotions, the impact on employees’ behaviour alongside implications for organisational effectiveness

Monte Carlo simulation of a two-field effective Hamiltonian of complete wetting

Recent work on the complete wetting transition for three dimensional systems with short-ranged forces has emphasized the role played by the coupling of order-parameter fluctuations near the wall and depinning interface. It has been proposed that an effective two-field Hamiltonian, which predicts a renormalisation of the wetting parameter, could explain the controversy between RG analysis of the capillary-wave model and Monte Carlo simulations on the Ising model. In this letter results of extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the two-field model are presented. The results are in agreement with prediction of a renormalized wetting parameter $\omega$.Comment: To appear in Europhysics Letters. Latex file, 6 pages, 2 figure

Coupled Fluctuations near Critical Wetting

Recent work on the complete wetting transition has emphasized the role played by the coupling of fluctuations of the order parameter at the wall and at the depinning fluid interface. Extending this approach to the wetting transition itself we predict a novel crossover effect associated with the decoupling of fluctuations as the temperature is lowered towards the transition temperature T_W. Using this we are able to reanalyse recent Monte-Carlo simulation studies and extract a value \omega(T_W)=0.8 at T_W=0.9T_C in very good agreement with long standing theoretical predictions.Comment: 4 pages, LaTex, 1 postscript figur

Searching for wholeness in a fragmented world: a consideration of relational factors to self, others and beyond

The research aims to explore participants’ experience of spirituality within their lives generally, including within their therapy. Previous research has suggested that there is a degree of trepidation amongst some therapists to integrate spirituality into their therapy and there is thought to be a general lack of training in this area. In addition, there is limited in-depth understanding of the role of spirituality on an individual’s journey through life. Within this research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants across the UK. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the data which provided rich insight into the impact of spiritual aspects on participants’ life journeys and the experience of this within their therapy. Findings demonstrate that participants had anomalous experiences within their lives but this was not generally integrated by family members and/or peers. Spirituality was often viewed as separate from the therapy and some were wary that inclusion of the spiritual dimension would detract from the therapeutic encounter. The participants’ perception of therapists and society influenced their disclosures of spirituality. The research found that people mostly drew on their spirituality on a personal level and it was an individual rather than a social endeavour. Considerations of leading a spiritual life within the confines of modern society and cultural attitudes were also raised. Limitations and suggestions for further research are considered

Interaction of Alu Polymorphisms and Novel Measures of Discrimination in Association with Blood Pressure in African Americans Living in Tallahassee

African Americans are 40% more likely to be afflicted with hypertension in comparison to non-Hispanic, white Americans, resulting in a 30% higher instance of mortality due to cardiovascular disease. There is debate about the relative contributions of genetic and sociocultural risk factors to the racial disparity in hypertension. We assayed three Alu insertion polymorphisms located in the angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE), tissue plasminogen activator (PLAT), and with no-lysine kinase 1 (WNK1) genes. We also estimated West African genetic ancestry and developed novel measures of perceived discrimination to create a biocultural model of blood pressure among African- American adults in Tallahassee, FL (n=158). When tested separately, the ACE Alu non-insertion allele was significantly associated with higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In multiple regression analyses, West African genetic ancestry was not associated with blood pressure and reduced the strength of all blood pressure models tested. A gene x environment interaction was identified between the ACE Alu genotype and a new measure of unfair treatment that includes experiences by individuals close to the study participant. Inclusion of the WNK1 Alu genotype further improved this model of blood pressure variation. Our results suggest an association of the ACE and WNK1 genotypes with blood pressure that is consistent with their proposed gene functions. Perceived unfair treatment (to others) shows a threshold effect where an increase in blood pressure is demonstrated at higher values. The interaction between the ACE genotype and unfair treatment highlights the benefits of including both genetic and cultural data to investigate complex disease

Surface induced disorder in body-centered cubic alloys

We present Monte Carlo simulations of surface induced disordering in a model of a binary alloy on a bcc lattice which undergoes a first order bulk transition from the ordered DO3 phase to the disordered A2 phase. The data are analyzed in terms of an effective interface Hamiltonian for a system with several order parameters in the framework of the linear renormalization approach due to Brezin, Halperin and Leibler. We show that the model provides a good description of the system in the vicinity of the interface. In particular, we recover the logarithmic divergence of the thickness of the disordered layer as the bulk transition is approached, we calculate the critical behavior of the maxima of the layer susceptibilities, and demonstrate that it is in reasonable agreement with the simulation data. Directly at the (110) surface, the theory predicts that all order parameters vanish continuously at the surface with a nonuniversal, but common critical exponent. However, we find different exponents for the order parameter of the DO3 phase and the order parameter of the B2 phase. Using the effective interface model, we derive the finite size scaling function for the surface order parameter and show that the theory accounts well for the finite size behavior of the DO3 ordering but not for that of B2 ordering. The situation is even more complicated in the neighborhood of the (100) surface, due to the presence of an ordering field which couples to the B2 order.Comment: To appear in Physical Review

Patient Care in High-Level Containment Care Units: In a Resourced Setting

Vasa, A., Boulter, K., Horihan, Cates, D., Piquette, C., Sullivan, J., Johnson, D, & Hewlett, A. (2019). Patient Care in High-Level Containment Care Units. In T. Cieslak, M. Kortepeter, C. Kratochvil, & J. Lawler (Eds.), Nebraska Isolation and Quarantine Manual (pp. 87-101). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.https://digitalcommons.unmc.edu/nm_books/1000/thumbnail.jp

The Role of the P2X7 Receptor in Infectious Diseases

ATP is an extracellular signal for the immune system, particularly during an inflammatory response. It is sensed by the P2X7 receptor, the expression of which is upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Activation of the P2X7 receptor opens a cation-specific channel that alters the ionic environment of the cell, activating several pathways, including (i) the inflammasome, leading to production of IL-1β and IL-18; (ii) the stress-activated protein kinase pathway, resulting in apoptosis; (iii) the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, leading to generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates; and (iv) phospholipase D, stimulating phagosome-lysosome fusion. The P2X7 receptor can initiate host mechanisms to remove pathogens, most particularly those that parasitise macrophages. At the same time, the P2X7 receptor may be subverted by pathogens to modulate host responses. Moreover, recent genetic studies have demonstrated significant associations between susceptibility or resistance to parasites and bacteria, and loss-of-function or gain-of-function polymorphisms in the P2X7 receptor, underscoring its importance in infectious disease