Impact of storage induced outgassing organic contamination on laser induced damage of silica optics at 351 nm

International audienceThe impact of storage conditions on laser induced damage density at 351 nm on bare fused polished silica samples has been studied. Intentionally outgassing of polypropylene pieces on silica samples was done. We evidenced an important increase of laser induced damage density on contaminated samples demonstrating that storage could limit optics lifetime performances. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) have been used to identify the potential causes of this effect. It shows that a small quantity of organic contamination deposited on silica surface is responsible for this degradation. Various hypotheses are proposed to explain the damage mechanism. The more likely hypothesis is a coupling between surface defects of optics and organic contaminants

An aqueous one-pot route to gold/quantum rod heterostructured nanoparticles functionalized with DNA

International audienc

Carbon nanotubes adhesion and nanomechanical behavior from peeling force spectroscopy

Applications based on Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWNT) are good example of the great need to continuously develop metrology methods in the field of nanotechnology. Contact and interface properties are key parameters that determine the efficiency of SWNT functionalized nanomaterials and nanodevices. In this work we have taken advantage of a good control of the SWNT growth processes at an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip apex and the use of a low noise (1E-13 m/rtHz) AFM to investigate the mechanical behavior of a SWNT touching a surface. By simultaneously recording static and dynamic properties of SWNT, we show that the contact corresponds to a peeling geometry, and extract quantities such as adhesion energy per unit length, curvature and bending rigidity of the nanotube. A complete picture of the local shape of the SWNT and its mechanical behavior is provided

Attaque des lignes de l'armée espagnole [Material gráfico] : 17 Nov. 1794 : Bataille de la Muga

Ejemplar suelto = Exemplar soltFecha de ed. deducida a partir de las fechas de nacimiento y muerte de los autoresBatalla llamada del "Roure" donde murió el general Dugommier = Batalla dita del "Roure" on morí el general DugommierCopia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 2008En la parte superior de la lámina: Galerie Historique de Versailles = A la part superior de la làmina: Galerie Historique de Versaille

Cervical cancer-associated suffering: Estimating the palliative care needs of a highly vulnerable population

Purpose: To enable design of optimum palliative care for women with cervical cancer, we studied the most common types of suffering and their severity, prevalence, and duration.Methods: We first reviewed the literature on the major types, severity, prevalence, and duration of suffering associated with cervical cancer. We then conducted a modified Delphi process with experts in cervical cancer care to supplement the literature. For each type of suffering, we distinguished between decedents (those who die from cervical cancer in a given year) and nondecedents (those who have cervical cancer in a given year but do not die). By applying the suffering prevalence and duration estimates to the number of decedents, nondecedents, and family caregivers in 2017, we were able to estimate their palliative care needs and the intensity of palliative care needed to respond adequately to this suffering.Results: There is a high prevalence among decedents of moderate or severe pain (84%), vaginal discharge (66%), vaginal bleeding (61%), and loss of faith (31%). Among both decedents and nondecedents, there is a high prevalence of clinically significant anxiety (63% and 50%, respectively), depressed mood (52% and 38%, respectively), and sexual dysfunction (87% and 83%, respectively). Moderate or severe financial distress is prevalent among decedents, nondecedents, and family caregivers (84%, 74%, and 66%, respectively). More than 40% of decedents and nondecedents are abandoned by their intimate partners. Most patients experience some combination of moderate or severe physical, psychological, social, and spiritual suffering. In total, 258,649 decedents and 2,558,857 nondecedents needed palliative care in 2017, approximately 85% of whom were in low- and middle-income countries where palliative care is rarely accessible.Conclusion: Among women with advanced cervical cancer, suffering is highly prevalent and often severe and multifaceted

Skeletal maturity and socio-economic status in portuguese children and youths: the Madeira growth study

Skeletal maturity is used to evaluate biological maturity status. Information about the association between socio-economic status (SES) and skeletal maturity is limited in Portugal. Aims: The aim of this study is to document the skeletal maturity of youths in Madeira and to evaluate variation in maturity associated with SES. Subjects and methods: The study involved 507 subjects (256 boys and 251 girls) from the Madeira Growth Study, a mixed-longitudinal study of five cohorts (8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 years of age) followed at yearly intervals over 3 years (1996–1998). A total of 1493 observations were made. Skeletal age was estimated from radiographs of the hand and wrist using the Tanner–Whitehouse 2 method (TW2). Social class rankings were based on Graffar’s (1956) method. Five social rankings were subsequently grouped into three SES categories: high, average and low. Results: Median for the radius, ulna and short finger bones (RUS scores) in the total sample of boys and girls increased curvilinearly across age whereas median for the 7 (without pisiform) carpal bones (Carpal scores) increased almost linearly. The 20-bone maturity scores demonstrated distinctive trends by gender: the medians for boys increased almost linearly while the medians for girls increased curvilinearly. SES differences were minimal. Only among children aged 10–11 years were high SES boys and girls advanced in skeletal maturity. Madeira adolescents were advanced in skeletal maturity compared with Belgian reference values. Conclusion: The data suggests population variation in TW2 estimates of skeletal maturation. Skeletal maturity was not related to SES in youths from Madeira

F.A.R.O.G. FORUM, Vol. 4 No. 1

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/francoamericain_forum/1054/thumbnail.jp

OFTATLAS. ATLAS CUBANO DE OFTALMOLOGÍA

El desarrollo de la tecnología de la computación ha permitido la introducción, en la práctica docente, de nuevos medios de enseñanza que han revolucionado la docencia médica. La utilización del software educativo como medio que facilite el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en las diferentes carreras de las Ciencias Médicas es hoy una realidad en nuestras universidades. Este trabajo consiste en un software educativo como material complementario para la enseñanza de la oftalmología en Cuba, tanto para pregrado como para postgrado e incluye materiales audiovisuales para el aprendizaje no solo de la oftalmología clínica sino también quirúrgica. Se utilizó la herramienta de Crheasoft para la realización del producto final, con una combinación de elementos visuales y auditivos. Teniendo en cuenta el antiguo proverbio “más vale ver una vez que oír cien veces”, se confeccionó este atlas interactivo que tiene como finalidad proporcionar un material educativo didáctico de consulta y de apoyo a la docencia, útil para el desarrollo de una metodología de enseñanza más adaptable a las características individuales de cada usuario. El software cuenta con una interfaz que permite la fácil navegación, posibilitando la interacción y el intercambio de información entre el usuario y la aplicación.PALABRAS CLAVE:Atlas, oftalmología, software

Drying nano particles solution on an oscillating tip at an air liquid interface: what we can learn, what we can do

Evaporation of fluid at micro and nanometer scale may be used to self-assemble nanometre-sized particles in suspension. Evaporating process can be used to gently control flow in micro and nanofluidics, thus providing a potential mean to design a fine pattern onto a surface or to functionalize a nanoprobe tip. In this paper, we present an original experimental approach to explore this open and rather virgin domain. We use an oscillating tip at an air liquid interface with a controlled dipping depth of the tip within the range of the micrometer. Also, very small dipping depths of a few ten nanometers were achieved with multi walls carbon nanotubes glued at the tip apex. The liquid is an aqueous solution of functionalized nanoparticles diluted in water. Evaporation of water is the driving force determining the arrangement of nanoparticles on the tip. The results show various nanoparticles deposition patterns, from which the deposits can be classified in two categories. The type of deposit is shown to be strongly dependent on whether or not the triple line is pinned and of the peptide coating of the gold nanoparticle. In order to assess the classification, companion dynamical studies of nanomeniscus and related dissipation processes involved with thinning effects are presented