Perspective directions in the development of architecture of the polytechnic museums

The museums of science and technology (or polytechnic) highlight the process of the innovational development of the society and have their own place in the system of school-science-industry-technical culture. The innovational activity of certain regions, states or groups of states is comprised of inventions, discoveries, new products and technologies that is all that provides the development of society and its competitive advantages. The modern polytechnic museums combine not only the functions of the demonstration of the achievements of the scientific and technological progress but also training and development of new inventions. In connection with the multifunctional nature of the modern polytechnic museum architects face the challenge of the creation of the architecture with universal dimensional planning elements, with its possible transformation in the course of time.Keywords: museum; science; innovations; technology; typolog

Features of Formation of Russian Legislation on Higher Education of the XVII-XVIII Centuries

The article discusses the formation of legislation on higher education in Russia. The sphere of education is the most important condition for the spiritual, professional formation and development of the individual, the social well-being of society, political and economic formation of the state. An analysis of the historical and legal experience of regulating public relations is a prerequisite for building modern legislation in the field of education. The relevance of the study of the Russian features of legislation on higher education of the XVII-XVIII centuries is that modern social relations in the field of education are not fully regulated. This is evidenced by a range of legal problems. Particular attention should be paid to the legislative regulation of certain powers of participants in public relations in the field of higher education, by-law legal regulation, as well as the implementation of certain legal norms of the Federal Law of 29.12.2012 № 273-FZ. The need to resolve these problems updates the relevance of theoretical problems. The answer to the above questions is an analysis of the historical foundations of Russian legislation on higher education. In the pre-revolutionary Russia, sufficient experience in managing higher education, as well as regulating relevant social relations was in place. The completeness of the study of the subject of public relations in the field of education in the historical context is closely related to the analysis of the activities of Russian universities. The article considers the reasons for the appearance of educational institutions in Russia. The first domestic educational institutions appeared at the end of the 18th century - at a historical moment when the expansion of Western European ideas for organizing university education reached the Russian state. Russia had an urgent need to train specialists in the field of public administration - officials, theologians - to strengthen the Orthodox faith, teachers - to educate and promote morality. The authorization of the first regulatory and legal sources in the field of higher education was associated with attempts to create the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy in Moscow. The revival of the ideas of education in Russia objec'tively accelerated the process of creating domestic educational institutions. The further development of legislation on higher education is associated with the implementation of new ideas about the establishment of universities under Empress Elizabeth Petrovna and Catherine the Great . In the final part of the work, it is noted that in connection with the creation of the first educational institution in Russia, the first normative legal act regulating legal relations in the field of higher education is published - "Privilege for the Academy." During the XVII-XVIII centuries Russian legislation on higher education contained personal regulatory legal acts. They were strictly targeted and regulated the activities of the educational institution, its officials, teachers, students, as well as other participants in academic social relations

GENETIC FORMATION FACTORS OF DAIRY EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY OF CATTLE MILK

Experimental results of studying the efficiency of cattle selection method use on a genotype are presented to technologies of industrial milk production. For carrying out researches three groups of cows of the Ural black-andwhite breed type from lines Sovering Reflexion, Vis Back Ideal, Montwick Chiftain were created, up to 20 heads in every. The comparative analysis of dairy efficiency and quality of cow milk of different linear accessory is carried out. Impact of linear accessory of cows on a milk yield in 305 days of lactation, the content in milk of fat and protein, a ratio in milk protein of replaceable and irreplaceable amino acids is defined. It is revealed that the Ballele a kappa casein is characterized by the high content of protein in milk with the best abomasal coagulability. 14.3% of cows of the line Montwick Chiftain and 8% Sovering Reflexion had a desirable genotype on kappa casein - Centuries. Protein content in cow milk with a genotype of BB exceeded milk-protein indicators of cows of other genotypes by 0.14-0.18%. By amount of irreplaceable amino acids cow milk of the line Vis Back Ideal was the best that exceeded value of this indicator in cow milk of the line Montwick Chiftain and Sovering Reflexion by 9.5% and 4.5% respectively. It is established that in cow milk with AA genotype the share of irreplaceable amino acids exceeded their content as a part of the general protein in cow milk with a genotype of BB and AB for 8.9 and 39% respectively. Keywords: milk, kappa casein, milk fat and protein, selection, genotype, amino acids

Autler - Townes doublet probed by strong field

This paper deals with the Autler - Townes doublet structure. Applied driving and probing laser fields can have arbitrary intensities. The explanation is given of the broadening of doublet components with the growth of probing field intensity, which was observed in experiment. The effects of Doppler averaging are discussed.Comment: 12 pages, RevTeX, 5 figures in 9 file

НОВОЕ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ САНАТОРНО-РЕАБИЛИТАЦИОННОЙ ПОМОЩИ ДЕТЯМ И ПОДРОСТКАМ С ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ

The efficiency of sanatorium rehabilitation of 92 children (13-17 years old) was assessed; children were divided into two groups: those with active respiratory tuberculosis – 49 patients and those infected with tuberculous mycobacteria but without active disease – 43 patients. PedsQL questionnaire (version 4.0) was used for evaluation of life quality by the start of sanatorium treatment and its completion. It was found out that emotional and social aspects suffered the most in 13-17 year old children in need of rehabilitation. Repeated use of questionnaire could be the important criterion of treatment and rehabilitation efficiency.Роведена оценка эффективности санаторной реабилитации 92 детей (возраст 13-17 лет) в двух группах: с активным туберкулезом органов дыхания - 49 пациентов и инфицированных микобактериями туберкулеза без заболевания - 43 пациента. С использованием опросника PedsQL (версия 4.0) проведена оценка качества жизни в начале санаторного лечения и по его завершении. Установлено, что наиболее проблемными сферами жизнедеятельности детей 13-17 лет, требующими реабилитационных мероприятий, являются эмоциональная и социальная. Повторное анкетирование может быть важным критерием оценки эффективности лечебных и реабилитационных мероприятий

Verwey-Type Charge Ordering and Site-Selective Mott Transition in Fe4O5under Pressure

The metal-insulator transition driven by electronic correlations is one of the most fundamental concepts in condensed matter. In mixed-valence compounds, this transition is often accompanied by charge ordering (CO), resulting in the emergence of complex phases and unusual behaviors. The famous example is the archetypal mixed-valence mineral magnetite, Fe3O4, exhibiting a complex charge-ordering below the Verwey transition, whose nature has been a subject of long-time debates. In our study, using high-resolution X-ray diffraction supplemented by resistance measurements and DFT+DMFT calculations, the electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of recently synthesized mixed-valence Fe4O5are investigated under pressure to ∼100 GPa. Our calculations, consistent with experiment, reveal that at ambient conditions Fe4O5is a narrow-gap insulator characterized by the original Verwey-type CO. Under pressure Fe4O5undergoes a series of electronic and magnetic-state transitions with an unusual compressional behavior above ∼50 GPa. A site-dependent collapse of local magnetic moments is followed by the site-selective insulator-to-metal transition at ∼84 GPa, occurring at the octahedral Fe sites. This phase transition is accompanied by a 2+ to 3+ valence change of the prismatic Fe ions and collapse of CO. We provide a microscopic explanation of the complex charge ordering in Fe4O5which "unifies" it with the behavior of two archetypal examples of charge- or bond-ordered materials, magnetite and rare-earth nickelates (RNiO3). We find that at low temperatures the Verwey-type CO competes with the "trimeron"/"dimeron" charge ordered states, allowing for pressure/temperature tuning of charge ordering. Summing up the available data, we present the pressure-temperature phase diagram of Fe4O5 © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.EAR-1634415; National Science Foundation, NSF: EAR-1606856; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE: DE-FG02-94ER14466; Office of Science, SC; Argonne National Laboratory, ANL: DE-AC02-06CH11357; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: OV-110/3-2; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, РФФИ: 20-42-660027; Israel Science Foundation, ISF: 1552/18, 1748/20; Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 19-72-30043; 122021000039-4We thank L. S. Dubrovinsky, I. A. Abrikosov, and V. Prakapenka for their interest in this research and B. Lavina for fruitful discussions about in situ DAC synthesis. We are grateful to M. Hanfland for the assistance in using beamline ID-15B of ESRF, Grenoble, France. Portions of this work were performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (The University of Chicago, Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation-Earth Sciences (Grant EAR-1634415) and Department of Energy-GeoSciences (Grant DE-FG02-94ER14466). This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the COMPRES-GSECARS gas loading system was supported by COMPRES under NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR-1606856 and by GSECARS through NSF Grant EAR-1634415 and DOE Grant DE-FG02-94ER14466.The work was partly supported by the Israel Science Foundation (Grants No. 1552/18 and 1748/20) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant No. OV-110/3-2. The theoretical analysis was supported by Russian Foundation for the Basic Research (Project No. 20-42-660027). The DFT calculations were supported by the state assignment of Minobrnauki of Russia (Theme “Electron” No. 122021000039-4). The DFT+DMFT calculations were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 19-72-30043)

Антивирусная и интерферониндуцирующая активность новых соединений – производных индолхиноксалинов

Проблематика. Розробка нових препаратів з антивірусною активністю та здатністю індукувати інтерферон є актуальним завданням з огляду на стрімке поширення вірусних інфекцій, формування резистентних до існуючих антивірусних препаратів штамів вірусів, загальне зниження імунної відповіді. Мета дослідження. Визначення антивірусної та інтерфероногенної активності похідних індолохіноксалінів в умовах in vitro. Методика реалізації. У роботі в умовах in vitro на перещеплюваній культурі клітин ST вивчали антивірусну та інтерфероніндукуючу дію 18 нових новосинтезованих сполук – похідних індолохіноксалінів. Результати дослідження. Показано здатність досліджуваних речовин пригнічувати розвиток вірусного цитопатичного ефекту на моделі ST-BBC тільки при лікувальній схемі введення. На моделі перещеплюваних культур клітин ST показано, що 12 із 18 досліджених сполук у концентраціях 0,1–0,2 мкг/мл здатні до індукції ІФН. Висновки. Серед досліджених сполук – похідних індолохіноксаліну як перспективну для подальших досліджень визначено сполуку RG-61, яка проявляє низьку токсичність (порівняно зі сполуками низки похідних) і антивірусну активність у інфікованих клітинах, а також здатна до індукції ІФН.Background. The development of new drugs with antiviral activity and the ability to induce interferon is an urgent task, taking into account the rapid spread of viral infections, development of resistance the virus strains to existing antiviral drugs and the overall decline of the immune response. Objective. Determine the antiviral activity and interferon inducer actions of indolequinoxalines derivatives in terms of in vitro. Methods. The work on PST cell cultures in conditions of in vitro antiviral and interferon inducer of the 18 new indolequinoxalines derivatives was studied. Results. The ability of indolequinoxalines derivatives to inhibit the development of viral cytopathic effect on the model PST-BBC only in therapeutic regimens was shown. In the model of inoculated cell cultures PST is shown that 12 compounds are capable of inducing interferon in low concentrations. Conclusions. Among the indolequinoxalines derivatives RG-61 compound as a promising for further studies was identified, which has a low toxicity (as compared to a number of compounds derived), has antiviral activity in infected cells and is capable of inducing IFN.Проблематика. Разработка новых препаратов с антивирусной активностью и способностью индуцировать интерферон является актуальной задачей с учетом стремительного распространения вирусных инфекций, формирования резистентных к существующим антивирусным препаратам штаммов вирусов, общего снижения иммунного ответа. Цель исследования. Определение антивирусной и интерфероногенной активности производных индолохиноксалинов в условиях in vitro. Методика реализации. В работе на культурах клеток ST в условиях in vitro изучали противовирусное и интерферониндуцирующее действие 18 новых новосинтезированных соединений – производных индолохиноксалинов Результаты исследования. Показана способность исследуемых веществ подавлять развитие вирусного цитопатического эффекта на модели ST-BBC только при лечебной схеме введения. На модели перевиваемых культур клеток ST показано, что 12 из 18 исследованных соединений вызывают индукцию ИФН в достаточно низких концентрациях. Выводы. Среди исследованных соединений производных индолохиноксалина как перспективное для дальнейших исследований определено соединение RG-61, которое проявляет низкую токсичность (по сравнению с соединениями ряда производных) и антивирусную активность в инфицированных клетках, а также индуцирует ИФН