66 research outputs found
Solitary and compact-like shear waves in the bulk of solids
We show that a model proposed by Rubin, Rosenau, and Gottlieb [J. Appl. Phys.
77 (1995) 4054], for dispersion caused by an inherent material characteristic
length, belongs to the class of simple materials. Therefore, it is possible to
generalize the idea of Rubin, Rosenau, and Gottlieb to include a wide range of
material models, from nonlinear elasticity to turbulence. Using this insight,
we are able to fine-tune nonlinear and dispersive effects in the theory of
nonlinear elasticity in order to generate pulse solitary waves and also bulk
travelling waves with compact support
Partial intestinal obstruction due to tumoral form of actinomycosis (Case report)
Secția Chirurgie, Secția ATI, Spitalul Județean de Urgență, Drobeta-Turnu Severin, România, Al XII-lea Congres al Asociației Chirurgilor „Nicolae Anestiadi” din Republica Moldova cu participare internațională 23-25 septembrie 2015Caz clinic: Se prezintă cazul unui bolnav în vârstă de 65 de ani cu sindrom subocluziv intestinal cronic, scădere ponderală cca
20 de kg în ultimul an. La examenul obiectiv: formațiune tumorală palpabilă în fosa iliacă stângă de cca 15/20 cm. Colonoscopia
evidențiază stenoza sigmoidiană la cca 15 cm de la orificiul anal. Nu s-a prelevat fragment pentru biopsie. S-a intervenit
chirurgical. S-a găsit un bloc tumoral sigmoidian mare și un mic abces între acesta și vezica urinară. S-a practicat colectomie
segmentară pe sigmoid. Evoluție postoperatorie favorabilă. Surpriză la examenul anatomo-patologic: actinomicoză.Clinical case: We present the case of a patient aged 65 years with the syndrome of chronic bowel obstruction, and about 20 kg
of weight loss during last year. On physical examination: palpable tumoral mass in the left iliac fossa of about 15/20 cm. On
colonoscopy sigmoid stenosis at approximately 15 cm from anus is detected. No tissue was taken for biopsy. On surgery was
found a large sigmoid tumor and a small abscess between it and the urinary bladder. Segmental sigmoid colectomy is
performed. Postoperative evolution was favorable. Surprise on histopathological examination: actinomycosis
OPTICAL AND PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF ELECTROSPUN ZnO FIBERS
ZnO nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning a solution of zinc acetate dihydrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in N,N-dimethylformamide, followed by calcination at 500, 650 or 800 °C for 1 h. X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy were used for the characterization of the resulting fibers. The thermally treated samples exhibit ZnO single phase with polycrystalline hexagonal structure. The morphological investigation revealed an accentuated contraction process during calcination, as well as the increase of the crystallite size and the appearance of a breaking tendency with the calcination temperature enhancement. Both UV and Visible emissions under excitation at 350 nm were showed by the optical studies, which also led to band gap values slightly lower than those reported for similar one-dimensional nanostructures. In order to assess the photocatalytic activity of ZnO fibers, the photodegradation of methylene blue in aqueous medium (10 -3 M) under UV irradiation (368 nm) was analyzed
The Inviscid Limit and Boundary Layers for Navier-Stokes Flows
The validity of the vanishing viscosity limit, that is, whether solutions of
the Navier-Stokes equations modeling viscous incompressible flows converge to
solutions of the Euler equations modeling inviscid incompressible flows as
viscosity approaches zero, is one of the most fundamental issues in
mathematical fluid mechanics. The problem is classified into two categories:
the case when the physical boundary is absent, and the case when the physical
boundary is present and the effect of the boundary layer becomes significant.
The aim of this article is to review recent progress on the mathematical
analysis of this problem in each category.Comment: To appear in "Handbook of Mathematical Analysis in Mechanics of
Viscous Fluids", Y. Giga and A. Novotn\'y Ed., Springer. The final
publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co
Examining agency governance in the European Union financial sector – a case-study of the European Securities and Markets Authority
Ever since the outset of the financial crisis of 2009, agencies have
emerged as key actors of European Union (EU) financial sector
governance. As an organisational form that can be insulated from
national political pressures, and committed to the Union interest,
agencies proliferated in the financial sector ushering the agencification
trend in finance. In this sense, the European Securities and Markets
Authority (ESMA) – as part of the European Supervisory Authorities
– practically embodies this trend. ESMA presents a radical shift
in financial markets’ governance due to the nature of its soft law
regulations and the direct impact it exerts on addressees’ behaviour in
emergency circumstances. But ESMA’s success in optimising financial
sector governance largely depends on its legitimacy, which is centred
on independence. At the same time independence demands wider
participation and inclusiveness of the decision-making process. This
is not easy to achieve in a complex system with multiple stakeholders
as is the governance of the EU financial sector (e.g., EU institutions,
national actors, private sector). This paper examines ESMA’s
interinstitutional relations and independence in light of publicly
voiced criticism. We find that ESMA’s main executive bodies are still
susceptible to influences by Member States as well as EU institutions
(i.e., Commission), which undermines its operational independence
Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.
BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700
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