La personalidad del alumno kichwa y su influencia en el aprendizaje escolar :Estudio a realizarse en la Escuela Luis Alfredo Martínez de la comunidad Chauzán Totorillas, cantón Guamote, provincia de Chimborazo; año lectivo 2011-2012

The investigation has as main objective to know how to be, feel, think and act to strengthen the Kichwa students an education that respects, values ​​and promotes the role of children and niñas.Este job ran during the school year 2011- 2012. The research design is documentary because the bibliographic information for the theoretical framework was collected. However, the lack of information on the personality of the Kichwa student, especially in the central region of the country, a survey was applied to school teachers was developed. This allowed to gather important material on the subject. This research was field because it took place in the environment where the student is Kichwa, without manipulating any of the variables. The research population, is made up of students, parents and teachers of the school "Luis A. Martínez", taking as shows students and parents of sixth year of basic education and all teachers. The data collection instruments were observation sheet for students and the survey to parents and teachers.La investigación realizada tuvo como principal objetivo conocer la forma de ser, sentir, pensar y actuar de los estudiantes kichwas para fortalecer una educación que respeta, valora y promueve el protagonismo de los niños y niñas.Este trabajo se ejecutó durante el año lectivo 2011-2012. El diseño de la investigación es documental, porque se recopiló la información bibliográfica para el marco teórico. Sin embargo, por la falta de información sobre la personalidad del alumno kichwa, especialmente en la región centro del país, se elaboró una encuesta que se aplicó a los docentes de la escuela. Esta permitió recabar importante material sobre el tema. Esta investigación fue de campo,porque se realizó en el ambiente donde se encuentra el alumno kichwa, sin manipular ninguna de las variables. La población investigada, está conformada por los alumnos, padres de familia y docentes de la Escuela “Luis Alfredo Martínez”, tomándose como muestra a los alumnos y padres de familia de sexto año de educación básica y a todos los docentes. Los instrumentos de recopilación de datos fueron la ficha de observación para los estudiantes y la encuesta, para padres de familia y docentes

Guidance document on fat reduction factor, functional barrier concept, phthalates and primary aromatic amines

Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 of 14 January 2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food contains four issues for which food inspectors and enforcement laboratories need further guidance. These issues are the concept of the fat reduction factor and the functional barrier, and the restrictions for certain phthalates and primary aromatic amines. The Regulation applies from 1 May 2011. The network of the European Union Reference Laboratory and the National Reference Laboratories for food contact materials created a Task Force in order to give guidance on these issues.JRC.I.1-Chemical Assessment and Testin

La tragedia judía en cuentos de Jorge Luis Borges

El presente artículo observa siete cuentos de Jorge Luis Borges en los cuales los personajes que concurren tienen como característica común ser judíos. El sino trágico de cada uno de ellos se despliega irremediablemente en los mundos posibles creados. El estudio reflexiona sobre las fuentes que alimentarían esta estructura escritural y los diversos matices que Borges recrea  frente a tragedia judía

Estudiantado haitiano en Chile: aproximaciones a los procesos de integración lingüística en el aula

El estudio revisa la manera en la cual una escuela pública en Chile realiza la integración lingüística de estudiantes migrantes de lengua creole. Es un estudio descriptivo y analítico que se sitúa en la observación de una escuela en particular y en la forma en que el profesorado integra a estudiantes del extranjero. Se emplean entrevistas en profundidad y encuestas para conocer las didácticas y valores sobre la interculturalidad que el personal docente actualiza en su sala de clase cada día. Frente a los datos obtenidos se observa que las estrategias de integración lingüística son intuitivas de parte del profesorado, pues se enfocan principalmente en lograr una aceptación cultural de la persona migrante, confiando en que la convivencia diaria y cordial en la escuela permitirá que escolares de nacionalidad chilena y haitiana se integren lingüística y culturalmente

Relationships in Patagonian species of Berberis (Berberidaceae) based on the characterization of rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences

Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the 18S(ITS1)-5.8S 26S(ITS2) rDNA region was performed in order to analyse the phylogenetic relationships between 13 Patagonian species of the genus Berberis (Berberidaceae). The divergence values between the pairwise sequence in the studied Patagonian species were in the range 2.9–22.9%. The lengths of the ITS1 and ITS2 sequences were in the range 227–231 bp and 220–224 bp, respectively, and the 5.8S sequence was 159 bp throughout all species. B. microphylla sensu Landrum does not appear to be monophyletic based on current sampling. Indeed, we suggest that B. microphylla should be distinguished from B. buxifolia, B. parodii, and B. heterophylla . ITS sequences, together with data obtained from morphological, biochemical, amplified fragment length polymorphism, and cytological characterizations, support the existence of diploid and polyploid hybrid speciation in the genus.Fil: Bottini, Maria Cecilia Juana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: de Bustos, A.. Universidad de Alcalá; EspañaFil: Sanso, Andrea Mariel. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Jouve, N.. Universidad de Alcalá; EspañaFil: Poggio, Lidia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Evaluación de la calidad del servicio educativo para determinar el nivel de la deserción estudiantil en la Unidad Educativa "Capitán Pedro Oscar Salas Bajaña".

Esta tesis fue realizada con el fin de evaluar la calidad del servicio educativo para determinar el nivel de deserción estudiantil de la unidad educativa “Capitán Pedro Oscar Salas Bajaña” y su repercusión en los servicios educativos entregados. El objetivo de esta, es revisar la fundamentación teórica de la calidad en la gestión educativa, analizar las fortalezas y oportunidades que tiene en la actualidad, analizar el clima organizacional del cuerpo docente, identificar la satisfacción de los clientes (internos y externos) e identificar la deserción del alumnado de la unidad educativa. Como hipótesis se planteó que los directivos de la Unidad educativa tiene la percepción de que la deserción estudiantil desde el año 2005 al 2011 se debe a la forma de la gestión administrativa. Para realizar esta evaluación se realizó un análisis de la percepción de la comunidad educativa, referente a la gestión gerencial, por lo tanto se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativo, utilizando un método inductivo –deductivo. Se ha utilizado muestras probabilísticas, instrumentos de recopilación de informacióncomo son: encuestas, observación, entrevistas, cuestionarios y fichas de entrevistas y se ha empleado la estadística para análisis de resultados, productode la investigación que se hizo tanto a alumnos, docentes y padres de familia

Multi-analyte method for the quantification of bisphenol related compounds in canned food samples and exposure assessment of the Spanish adult population

Major types of internal can coatings used for food and beverages are made from synthetic polymers known as epoxy-based resins, mainly based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE). The migration of components from coatings to food is a concern for food safety. A multiresidue method was developed for the identification and quantification of six bisphenols, BADGE and its derivatives, and cyclo-di-BADGE in sixteen canned food samples based on HPLC-FLD. The method developed showed excellent validation data with an adequate linearity, low detection levels, good repeatability and acceptable recoveries. Confirmation of the obtained results was made by LC–MS/MS. The exposure of the adult population to these compounds through the consumption of canned food was assessed. In general, the results suggested a low dietary exposure to this type of compounds (0.003 to 0.985 μg/kg bw/day) with values lower than the established tolerable day intake (TDI). The highest mean concentration was observed for cyclo-di-BADGE in a sample of pickled musselsS

Estimation of Dietary Exposure to Contaminants Transferred from the Packaging in Fatty Dry Foods Based on Cereals

Food packaging has received special attention from the food safety standpoint since it could be a potential source of contamination through the migration of chemical substances from the packaging material into food. The assessment of the exposure through the diet to these contaminants from food packaging is necessary. In this work, an estimation of dietary exposure of the young Spanish population (1–17 years) to target chemicals from packaging for fatty dried foods based on cereals was assessed. For this purpose, a gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was developed for screening of volatile and semivolatile compounds, potential migrants from the packaging. Then, this technique was used to quantify 8 target analytes, which were previously identified in the packaging (including phthalates, acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and octocrylene), in composite food samples of fatty cereals prepared according to the consumption data for different age groups. Among the phthalates, exposure to diethyl phthalate (DEP) was the highest for the three groups considered (0.0761–0.545 µg/kg body weight/day), followed by bis(2-ethylhxyl)phathalate (DEHP), while the lowest mean intake was found for di-n-octyl phathalate (DNOP; 0.00463–0.0209 µg/kg body weight/day). The estimated dietary exposures did not exceed for any of the analytes the corresponding established tolerable daily intakesThis research was funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), and by Agencia Estatal de Investigación Ref.No. AGL2015-69609-P “MIGRAEXPO” (MINECO/FEDER, UE)S

GC-MS screening for the identification of potential migrants present in polymeric coatings of food cans

The coatings used in cans can release complex chemical mixtures into foodstuffs. Therefore, it is important to develop analytical methods for the identification of these potential migrant compounds in packaged food to guarantee the compliance with European food packaging legislation and ensure consumer safety. In the present work, the type of coating in a total of twelve cans collected in Santiago de Compostela (Spain) were evaluated using an ATR (attenuated total reflectance)-FTIR spectrometer. These samples were analysed after extraction with acetonitrile in order to identify potential migrants through a screening method by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of forty-seven volatile and semi-volatile compounds were identified in these samples, including plasticizers, photoinitiators, antioxidants, lubricants, etc. Then, in a second step, a targeted analysis was carried out for the simultaneous determination of 13 compounds, including bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPG) and BADGEs (BADGE, BADGE.H2O, BADGE.2H2O, BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl, BADGE.H2O.HCl, cyclo-di-BADGE) by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) source. Among all the bisphenols analysed, only the bisphenol A was detected in four samples; while cyclo-di-BADGE was the predominant compound detected in all the samples analysed.This research was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), and by Agencia Estatal de Investigación Ref.No. PGC2018-094518-B-I00 “MIGRACOATING” (MINECO/FEDER, UE)S

Dietary Exposure Estimation to Chemicals Transferred from Milk and Dairy Products Packaging Materials in Spanish Child and Adolescent Population

Packaging materials are subject to risk assessment since they can transfer their components to the food, and they may constitute a risk for the consumers’ health. Therefore, estimating the exposure to chemicals migrating from packaging is required. In this study, a novel approach based on a total diet study (TDS)-like investigation to evaluate the exposure to chemicals transferred from the packaging was presented. The proposed methodology involved a non-targeted gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method to identify potential migrants and the determination of the migrants in composite food samples. The method was applied to evaluate the dietary exposure to chemicals from food packaging materials used for milk and dairy products in the Spanish child and adolescent populations. Several migrants identified in packaging materials were selected to determine their concentration in composite food samples. These chemicals included diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis(2ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), benzophenone (BP), 1,3-diphenylpropane (1,3-DPP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT). The method exhibited a good sensitivity (limit of detection, LOD ≤ 0.05 µg/g) and a satisfactory recovery (78.4-124%). Finally, the exposure was estimated using the Spanish national dietary survey ENALIA. Phthalates DBP and DEHP showed the highest mean exposure, ranging from 2.42 (10–17 years)–4.40 (12–35 months) and 1.35 (10–17 years)–4.07 (12–35 months) µg/kg bw/day for DBP and DEHP, respectivelyThis study was financially supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), and by Agencia Estatal de Investigación Ref.No. AGL2015-69609-P “MIGRAEXPO” (MINECO/FEDER, UE)S