The HEADS-ED: a psychosocial screening for pediatric patients in emergency departments: a systematic review

The rates of mental health (MH) conditions among the pediatric population are rising steadily (Abramson, 2022; Clark et al., 2019). Given that MH symptoms and concerns frequently present in the emergency department (ED)-particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic-the ED setting may be a practical and effective setting to implement screening measures to identify youth at risk for mental illness and suicide (Leeb et al., 2020; Leff et al., 2021). This integrative systematic review examined the extent to which the HEADS-ED, one specific psychosocial screening measure, has been administered in the ED setting with youth and which healthcare professionals (HCPs) have administered this measure. Furthermore, the authors examined three secondary research questions addressing the potential ability of the HEADS-ED to (a) be implemented universally in the ED and to detect MH symptoms among the pediatric population, (b) assist with disposition planning, and (c) impact policy standards. Following PRISMA guidelines, the authors identified four articles that met inclusion criteria and passed quality appraisal from a total of 1,132. Findings revealed the HEADS-ED has been administered by ED physicians and crisis workers in the ED with youth presenting with MH concerns (Cappelli, Gray, et al., 2012; Cappelli, Zemek, et al., 2020; Leon et al., 2019; MacWilliams et al., 2017). The HEADS-ED can detect MH symptoms and provide targeted treatment recommendations. The authors discuss these findings in the context of practice, policy, and future research, highlighting the need for continued efforts to close the gap between MH assessment in the ED and follow-up care

Multi-Sensory Weights Depend on Contextual Noise in Reference Frame Transformations

During reach planning, we integrate multiple senses to estimate the location of the hand and the target, which is used to generate a movement. Visual and proprioceptive information are combined to determine the location of the hand. The goal of this study was to investigate whether multi-sensory integration is affected by extraretinal signals, such as head roll. It is believed that a coordinate matching transformation is required before vision and proprioception can be combined because proprioceptive and visual sensory reference frames do not generally align. This transformation utilizes extraretinal signals about current head roll position, i.e., to rotate proprioceptive signals into visual coordinates. Since head roll is an estimated sensory signal with noise, this head roll dependency of the reference frame transformation should introduce additional noise to the transformed signal, reducing its reliability and thus its weight in the multi-sensory integration. To investigate the role of noisy reference frame transformations on multi-sensory weighting, we developed a novel probabilistic (Bayesian) multi-sensory integration model (based on Sober and Sabes, 2003) that included explicit (noisy) reference frame transformations. We then performed a reaching experiment to test the model's predictions. To test for head roll dependent multi-sensory integration, we introduced conflicts between viewed and actual hand position and measured reach errors. Reach analysis revealed that eccentric head roll orientations led to an increase of movement variability, consistent with our model. We further found that the weighting of vision and proprioception depended on head roll, which we interpret as being a result of signal dependant noise. Thus, the brain has online knowledge of the statistics of its internal sensory representations. In summary, we show that sensory reliability is used in a context-dependent way to adjust multi-sensory integration weights for reaching

Public School Funding and McCleary v. State of Washington—A Violation of the Separation of Powers Doctrine or a Legitimate Exercise of Judicial Autonomy?

Public school funding has been contentiously litigated throughout the United States, and the Washington Supreme Court has addressed the inadequacy of public school funding in two pivotal cases: Seattle School District No. 1 v. State and McCleary v. State. In both decisions, the Washington Supreme Court held that the State failed to provide an adequate basic education for its public school students; however, in its attempt to remedy the situation, the court took drastically different approaches

Defining the Modeling Standard for 3D Character Artists

The focus of this thesis is to find the most modern methods to craft 3D characters for implementation in game engines. The industry is constantly adapting to new software and my study is to cover the most efficient way to create a character from an idea to fully realized character in 3D. The following is my journey in learning new techniques and adapting to the new software. To demonstrate, I will work through the process of creating a character from a 2D concept to a 3D model rendered in real time

Air- Sea Interactions And Ocean Dynamics In The Southwest Tropical Indian Ocean

The Southwest Tropical Indian Ocean (SWTIO) features a unique, seasonal upward lift of the thermocline, which is known as the Seychelles-Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR; 55°E-65°E, 5°S-12°S). It is known that a high correlation exists between the depth of the thermocline and sea surface temperature (SST; a key ingredient for tropical cyclogenesis). With a particular focus on 2012/2013, this study reveals the dynamic properties of the SCTR that play an important role in the modulation of tropical cyclones in the SWTIO. Phenomena including Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are also well correlated to cyclogenesis through changes in the thermocline of the SCTR. More tropical cyclones form over the SWTIO when the thermocline is deeper, which has a positive relation to the arrival of downwelling Rossby waves originating in the southeast tropical Indian Ocean due to the anomalous effects of IOD. In addition to influencing cyclogeneis over the SCTR region, remote processes such as IOD and ENSO are also the primary drivers of the SCTR interannual variability with respect to both ocean temperature and salinity. Thus, this study also explores how temperature and salinity with depth, as well as at the surface, in the SCTR change with the climatic events in a given year. Although ENSO is known to have a stronger impact on SST south of the SCTR (10°S-15°S), this study reveals the stronger impact of ENSO on sea surface salinity (SSS) in the SCTR

Public School Funding and McCleary v. State of Washington—A Violation of the Separation of Powers Doctrine or a Legitimate Exercise of Judicial Autonomy?

Public school funding has been contentiously litigated throughout the United States, and the Washington Supreme Court has addressed the inadequacy of public school funding in two pivotal cases: Seattle School District No. 1 v. State and McCleary v. State. In both decisions, the Washington Supreme Court held that the State failed to provide an adequate basic education for its public school students; however, in its attempt to remedy the situation, the court took drastically different approaches

Air Pollution in the Valparaiso Area

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s) and particulate matter (PM) have been serious air pollution concerns around the world, particularly where industries and high volume traffic is present. These pollutants have been shown to have a negative effect on most living organisms, which is why they are regulated in many countries. To determine the air quality in the Valparaiso area, an experimental plan was conducted to determine the amount and type of these pollutants in the air. One of the project goals was to measure and compare indoor vs outdoor pollution. Another was to observe and assess weather effects on outdoor air pollution. Various locations around Valparaiso University campus and in the surrounding geographical area were chosen to analyze VOCs and PM. VOC testing was conducted using a solid phase microextraction fiber (SPME) to passively collect air pollutants. For PM, a MIE pDR-1500 active personal particulate monitor was used to actively draw in air and measure the concentration of particulate matter. A filter paper was used in the personal particulate monitor to collect the actual particulates. The instrument was run with both no filter, to determine total PM, and an adapter to select for PM 2.5 microns or lower. The SPME fibers were analyzed using a gas chromatographer - mass spectrometer (GCMS) to help determine the volatile or semi-volatile compounds present in the air. The collected data shows many differences between indoor and outdoor air

Semester-Long Instruction In Drawing For Biology Changes Study Habits, Motivation To Draw, And Approaches To Problem-Solving

Model building can use drawing or sketching as a mechanism to help the drawer learn information (study), solve problems (model-based reasoning), and communicate. Unfortunately, many students fail to master drawing or sketching skills due to the effort and instruction required. Additionally, few longitudinal, real-world classroom studies have been conducted on the teaching of drawing to students. We applied guided practice of drawing or sketching to an undergraduate first-semester Introductory Biology majors course, aiming to assess (1) the patterns of growth and decline in the use of sketching and other active study methods over subsequent semesters, (2) the relationship between usage of sketching by students and performance, and (3) student motivations (self-efficacy, utility value, interest, and cost) and attitudes towards drawing and sketching as a learning tool. Students with instruction on drawing as a learning tool decreased their use of passive study methods during the course and increased their use of active methods. Major changes included less rereading in studying and more drawing or sketching. One semester after the course, these students maintained part of the gains in drawing and active study methods, using both significantly more than prior to the drawing intervention. Students without the instruction in drawing showed few changes during the two semesters. Higher proportions of study time spent drawing predicted higher overall course point total. Students with instruction on drawing reported higher self-efficacy towards drawing. However, only cost value predicted use of drawing during study time, suggesting that instructors interested in teaching drawing as a learning tool should aim to decrease perceived cost for the students. These outcomes will be reassessed yearly. Our preliminary conclusion is that a course in this format can support development of drawing or sketching for learning while developing more active study methods

High-resolution analysis of anti-migratory inhibitors in high-grade glioma treatment

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an extremely aggressive form of glioma tumour. The characteristically invasive properties of GBM contribute to the poor prognosis in sufferers. This study focuses on the therapeutic potential of four anti-migratory drugs: 6-bromo-indirubin-3’-oxime (BIO), CCG-1423, Latrunculin A (LAT A) and Lithium Chloride (LiCl), in vitro. The migration distances of GBM cells and cell circularity for each treatment and an untreated control were measured and statistically analysed. This was achieved using treated GBM spheroids of the U251 cell line and an untreated control. Spheroid sections were analysed in QuPath. This data was analysed in SPSS. Each of the treatments showed significant statistical differences compared to the control spheroid for the migration distance measurements. LAT A was shown to have the greatest effect in decreasing the cell migration. Migrated cell circularity were significantly more rounded than the non-migrated cells for each treatment. The cell migration distance study suggests further study, to analyse the effects of these drugs in vivo. The ‘cell circularity index’ study should be amended to more accurately represent the changes in cell elongation due to morphological changes occurring as cells migrate from the tumour