Crotalus atrox venom preconditioning increases plasma fibrinogen and reduces perioperative hemorrhage in a rat model of surgical brain injury.

Perioperative bleeding is a potentially devastating complication in neurosurgical patients, and plasma fibrinogen concentration has been identified as a potential modifiable risk factor for perioperative bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate preconditioning with Crotalus atrox venom (Cv-PC) as potential preventive therapy for reducing perioperative hemorrhage in the rodent model of surgical brain injury (SBI). C. atrox venom contains snake venom metalloproteinases that cleave fibrinogen into fibrin split products without inducing clotting. Separately, fibrinogen split products induce fibrinogen production, thereby elevating plasma fibrinogen levels. Thus, the hypothesis was that preconditioning with C. atrox venom will produce fibrinogen spilt products, thereby upregulating fibrinogen levels, ultimately improving perioperative hemostasis during SBI. We observed that Cv-PC SBI animals had significantly reduced intraoperative hemorrhage and postoperative hematoma volumes compared to those of vehicle preconditioned SBI animals. Cv-PC animals were also found to have higher levels of plasma fibrinogen at the time of surgery, with unchanged prothrombin time. Cv-PC studies with fractions of C. atrox venom suggest that snake venom metalloproteinases are largely responsible for the improved hemostasis by Cv-PC. Our findings indicate that Cv-PC increases plasma fibrinogen levels and may provide a promising therapy for reducing perioperative hemorrhage in elective surgeries

New mammals

4 p. ; 24 cm

The Grizzly, September 21, 1984

Duryea Renovation Near Completion • Will Reaganomics Last? • UC Wins Award • Stay Tuned... • News of Yesteryear • Music at Ursinus: A New Director and New Directions • Students Excel in Business French • New Tunes • Grizzlies Fumble Opener • Bear Booters Take Two • Volleyball Team Off to a Strong Start • Pennant Race Winds Down • Friends of Library to Hold Book Sale • New Bloom in Physics Dept. • Calendar • Parents\u27 Day Schedulehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1121/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 9, 1984

Program Board Attends Activities Conference • Fraternity Sponsors Thanksgiving Food Drive • Smith Addresses Value of Liberal Arts • Editorials: Newspaper Reflects Campus News and Views; Pulling the Big Lever • Letters to the Editor: Mock Election Coverage Questioned; Intervention Policy Must Go • College Bowl Season Underway • Ursinus in a Box • Shorts: Ec. Council Programs; Photo Exhibit in Library; Turkey Trot; UPB Trips Scheduled; Dutch Folk Songs; USGA Report • Bear Booters Win ECA Conference Bid • Runners Second in MAC\u27s • A Student\u27s View of The Training Facility • Mers Shine at Relay Carnival • Middle East Forum Scheduled • Theater Review: A Thurber Carnival • Student Teachers Hard at Work • News of Yesteryear: Judy Collins to Appear in Concert at Ursinushttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1127/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 9, 1984

Program Board Attends Activities Conference • Fraternity Sponsors Thanksgiving Food Drive • Smith Addresses Value of Liberal Arts • Editorials: Newspaper Reflects Campus News and Views; Pulling the Big Lever • Letters to the Editor: Mock Election Coverage Questioned; Intervention Policy Must Go • College Bowl Season Underway • Ursinus in a Box • Shorts: Ec. Council Programs; Photo Exhibit in Library; Turkey Trot; UPB Trips Scheduled; Dutch Folk Songs; USGA Report • Bear Booters Win ECA Conference Bid • Runners Second in MAC\u27s • A Student\u27s View of The Training Facility • Mers Shine at Relay Carnival • Middle East Forum Scheduled • Theater Review: A Thurber Carnival • Student Teachers Hard at Work • News of Yesteryear: Judy Collins to Appear in Concert at Ursinushttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1127/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, September 14, 1984

Record Number Enter Ursinus • Town Hears College Plans • An Athlete\u27s Battle With Alcohol • News of Yesteryear • Ursinus Enters New Era of Communications • Cobbs Shows Enthusiasm for New Position • New Dean Coaches R.A.\u27s • English Moves Into New Offices • Smooth Sailing for Hockey....on a Bumpy Field • UC Soccer Wins Home Opener • Gridders Look to Be Winners • Cross Country Kicks Off \u2784 Season • Discover Philadelphia • McQuellan Leaves • Calendarhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1120/thumbnail.jp

An ion mobility mass spectrometer coupled with a cryogenic ion trap for recording electronic spectra of charged, isomer-selected clusters

Infrared and electronic spectra are indispensable for understanding the structural and energetic properties of charged molecules and clusters in the gas phase. However, the presence of isomers can potentially complicate the interpretation of spectra, even if the target molecules or clusters are mass-selected beforehand. Here, we describe an instrument for spectroscopically characterizing charged molecular clusters that have been selected according to both their isomeric form and their mass-to-charge ratio. Cluster ions generated by laser ablation of a solid sample are selected according to their collision cross sections with helium buffer gas using a drift tube ion mobility spectrometer and their mass-to-charge ratio using a quadrupole mass filter. The mobility- and mass-selected target ions are introduced into a cryogenically cooled, three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap where they are thermalized through inelastic collisions with an inert buffer gas (He or He/N2 mixture). Spectra of the molecular ions are obtained by tagging them with inert atoms or molecules (Ne and N2), which are dislodged following resonant excitation of an electronic transition, or by photodissociating the cluster itself following absorption of one or more photons. An electronic spectrum is generated by monitoring the charged photofragment yield as a function of wavelength. The capacity of the instrument is illustrated with the resonance-enhanced photodissociation action spectra of carbon clusters (Cn+) and polyacetylene cations (HC2nH+) that have been selected according to the mass-to-charge ratio and collision cross section with He buffer gas and of mass-selected Au2+ and Au2Ag+ clusters

Genomic epidemiology reveals geographical clustering of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST131 associated with bacteraemia in Wales

Antibiotic resistance is a significant global public health concern. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli sequence type (ST)131, a widely prevalent multidrug-resistant clone, is frequently associated with bacteraemia. This study investigates third-generation cephalosporin resistance in bloodstream infections caused by E. coli ST131. From 2013-2014 blood culture surveillance in Wales, 142 E. coli ST131 genomes were studied alongside global data. All three major ST131 clades were represented across Wales, with clade C/H30 predominant (n = 102/142, 71.8%). Consistent with global findings, Welsh strains of clade C/H30 contain β-lactamase genes from the blaCTX-M-1 group (n = 65/102, 63.7%), which confer resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. Most Welsh clade C/H30 genomes belonged to sub-clade C2/H30Rx (58.3%). A Wales-specific sub-lineage, named GB-WLS.C2, diverged around 1996-2000. An introduction to North Wales around 2002 led to a localised cluster by 2009, depicting limited genomic diversity within North Wales. This investigation emphasises the value of genomic epidemiology, allowing the detection of genetically similar strains in local areas, enabling targeted and timely public health interventions

Mitigating Internal Instrument Coupling for 21 cm Cosmology. II. A Method Demonstration with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array

We present a study of internal reflection and cross-coupling systematics in Phase I of the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). In a companion paper, we outlined the mathematical formalism for such systematics and presented algorithms for modeling and removing them from the data. In this work, we apply these techniques to data from HERA's first observing season as a method demonstration. The data show evidence for systematics that, without removal, would hinder a detection of the 21 cm power spectrum for the targeted Epoch of Reionization (EoR) line-of-sight modes in the range 0.2 h −1 Mpc−1 < ${k}_{\parallel }$ < 0.5 h −1 Mpc−1. In particular, we find evidence for nonnegligible amounts of spectral structure in the raw autocorrelations that overlaps with the EoR window and is suggestive of complex instrumental effects. Through systematic modeling on a single night of data, we find we can recover these modes in the power spectrum down to the integrated noise floor, achieving a dynamic range in the EoR window of 106 in power (mK2 units) with respect to the bright galactic foreground signal. Future work with deeper integrations will help determine whether these systematics can continue to be mitigated down to EoR levels. For future observing seasons, HERA will have upgraded analog and digital hardware to better control these systematics in the field