Bulk Nanocrystalline Thermoelectrics Based on Bi-Sb-Te Solid Solution

A nanopowder from p-Bi-Sb-Te with particles ~ 10 nm were fabricated by the ball milling using different technological modes. Cold and hot pressing at different conditions and also SPS process were used for consolidation of the powder into a bulk nanostructure and nanocomposites. The main factors allowing slowing-down of the growth of nanograins as a result of recrystallization are the reduction of the temperature and of the duration of the pressing, the increase of the pressure, as well as addition of small value additives (like MoS2, thermally expanded graphite or fullerenes). It was reached the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT=1.22 (at 360 K) in the bulk nanostructure Bi0,4Sb1,6Te3 fabricated by SPS method. Some mechanisms of the improvement of the thermoelectric efficiency in bulk nanocrystalline semiconductors based on BixSb2-xTe3 are studied theoretically. The reduction of nanograin size can lead to improvement of the thermoelectric figure of merit. The theoretical dependence of the electric and heat conductivities and the thermoelectric power as the function of nanograins size in BixSb2-xTe3 bulk nanostructure are quite accurately correlates with the experimental data.Comment: 35 pages, 24 figures, 4 tables, 52 reference

Ignition of premixed air/fuel mixtures by microwave steamer discharge

A variety of methods exists for fast and efficient combustion of air-fuel mixtures. In this study, a microwave subcritical streamer discharge is used to ignite propane-air mixtures at atmospheric pressure. The streamer is initiated at the inner surface of a dielectric tube with the help of a passive half-wave vibrator. By creating a network of ignition lines, the streamer discharge forms the network of burning channels with large total surface area. This leads to the apparent speed of combustion propagation along the cylinder in excess of 100 m/s, which is more than 200 times the laminar flame propagation speed. The axial propagation of the combustion front in a cylindrical tube filled with the air/propane mixture is investigated by high speed video recording in visible light. A simple model is presented to explain observed results

SCHOOL PROBLEMS IN THE EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GIFTED CHILDREN: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT

Purpose of the Study: The urgency of the problem under investigation is due to the fact that the issue of gifted students’ education is one of the most difficult and interesting aspects of contemporary pedagogy. The purpose of the article is to identify the psychological characteristics of the gifted students’ development. In this article, the school difficulties of gifted students are revealed and the causes of internal and external nature are analyzed. The authors pay special attention to the social and emotional consequences, which can be rather destructive if appropriate assistance is not provided by teachers, psychologists, and parents. Methodology: The leading approach to the study of this problem is a method of theoretical analysis and synthesis of social, political and psycho-pedagogical literature. Results: The main result of the study is a theoretical analysis of the relationship between learning and the development of gifted children and their psychological characteristics. Application: The materials of the article can be useful for teachers, students and a wide range of readers interested in the problems of gifted students’ education

TO THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING THE ETHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERSON

Purposes: The crisis in modern humanitarian science testifies to the need to search for a new approach that goes beyond the boundaries of the natural-science approach, which in its turn involves addressing to the origins of our culture, expanding the categorical apparatus and methodological basis of psychology. In individual consciousness, the spiritual crisis is expressed in the loss of the ideals of life. Therefore, at the present stage of the development of society, the need for a philosophical and psychological analysis of spiritual and moral ideas and their role in the formation of the individual is felt with particular severity. Methodology: In the framework of the activity approach embodied in the works of S. L. Rubinstein, the main provisions were formulated, which are of special methodological importance for the solution of this problem. In particular, these are provisions on the study of the human psyche through its manifestations in the main types of activity and the influence on the activities of external causes, not directly, but indirectly, through its internal, psychological conditions. Results: This article is devoted to the description of the results of an empirical study carried out from the position of the activity approach and aimed at revealing the level of ethical behavior of adolescence and youth ages. The urgency of the study is due to the fact that the tendency of the transition from the theoretical-descriptive to the experimental-developing technology of research of ethical characteristics is clearly manifested in the work. Implications/Applications: This article could be practical in predicting the problems regarding the study of Ethical Characteristics of person and help the audience to broaden their information in this vein. Novelty/Originality: In one case, the individual in the process of communicating with other people, assimilates universal values, the experience of moral relations, develops beliefs and moral ideals, in the other can under the influence of communication become attached to completely opposite values, degrade morall

SCHOOL PROBLEMS IN THE EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GIFTED CHILDREN: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT

Purpose of the Study: The urgency of the problem under investigation is because, the issue of gifted students’ education is one of the most difficult and interesting aspects of contemporary pedagogy. The purpose of the article is to identify the psychological characteristics of the gifted students’ development. In this article, the school difficulties of gifted students are revealed and the causes of internal and external nature are analyzed. Methodology: The leading approach to the study of this problem is a method of a theoretical analysis and synthesis of social, political, and psycho-pedagogical literature. Results: The main result of the study is a theoretical analysis of the relationship between learning and the development of gifted children and their psychological characteristics. Application:The materials of the article can be useful for teachers, students, and a wide range of readers interested in the problems of gifted students’ education. The authors pay special attention to the social and emotional consequences, which can be rather destructive if appropriate assistance is not provided by teachers, psychologists, and parents

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY METHOD OF GASEOUS FUEL COMBUSTION WITH THE USE OF QUASI-OPTICAL MICROWAVE

Subject of Research.The paper deals with the problem of developing low emission combustors operating on natural gas or LPG, to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides NOx. The possibility of burning very lean fuel mixtures is studied. To initiate the ignition and combustion stabilization the discharge generated by the quasi-optical microwave is used. Main Results. Initiating ignition by streamer microwave discharge increases the rate of combustion and combustion efficiency about four times as compared with the conventional spark ignition. Streamer discharge ignition by very lean fuel-air mixture is demonstrated with the factor of oxiding agent excess greater than the limit of explosive range under normal conditions. According to indirect indicators, ignition by microwave discharge created by quasi-optical radiation is of non-thermal nature. Microwave discharge excites oxygen atoms, and intense ultra-violet radiation is generated as a result that causes formation of cold nonequilibrium plasma with avalanche growth of free electrons. Streamer discharge propagates at a speed of 5 km /s, so the initiation of the ignition occurs immediately throughout. The temperature of the fuel mixture at the point of ignition initiation does not exceed 400 К.There is no area with a temperature sufficient to initiate thermal Zeldovich mechanism of emission of nitrogen oxides. Combustion rate is high. As a result the Fenimore mechanism of "fast nitrogen oxides" has no chance to be progressing, and NOx emissions in appreciable quantities are excluded. Energy costs are comparable with spark ignition.Practical Relevance. The studied technology is designed for low emission internal combustion engines, power gas turbines, gas compressor units, fueled by natural gas

MultiPoseNet: Fast Multi-Person Pose Estimation using Pose Residual Network

In this paper, we present MultiPoseNet, a novel bottom-up multi-person pose estimation architecture that combines a multi-task model with a novel assignment method. MultiPoseNet can jointly handle person detection, keypoint detection, person segmentation and pose estimation problems. The novel assignment method is implemented by the Pose Residual Network (PRN) which receives keypoint and person detections, and produces accurate poses by assigning keypoints to person instances. On the COCO keypoints dataset, our pose estimation method outperforms all previous bottom-up methods both in accuracy (+4-point mAP over previous best result) and speed; it also performs on par with the best top-down methods while being at least 4x faster. Our method is the fastest real time system with 23 frames/sec. Source code is available at: https://github.com/mkocabas/pose-residual-networkComment: to appear in ECCV 201

Ustekinumab as Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Crohn’s Disease

BACKGROUND Ustekinumab, a monoclonal antibody to the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 and inter-leukin-23, was evaluated as an intravenous induction therapy in two populations with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease. Ustekinumab was also evaluated as subcutaneous maintenance therapy. METHODS We randomly assigned patients to receive a single intravenous dose of ustekinumab (either 130 mg or approximately 6 mg per kilogram of body weight) or placebo in two induction trials. The UNITI-1 trial included 741 patients who met the criteria for primary or secondary nonresponse to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists or had unacceptable side effects. The UNITI-2 trial included 628 patients in whom conventional therapy failed or unacceptable side effects occurred. Patients who completed these induction trials then participated in IM-UNITI, in which the 397 patients who had a response to ustekinumab were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous maintenance injections of 90 mg of ustekinumab (either every 8 weeks or every 12 weeks) or placebo. The primary end point for the induction trials was a clinical response at week 6 (defined as a decrease from baseline in the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index [CDAI] score of ≥100 points or a CDAI score <150). The primary end point for the maintenance trial was remission at week 44 (CDAI score <150). RESULTS The rates of response at week 6 among patients receiving intravenous ustekinumab at a dose of either 130 mg or approximately 6 mg per kilogram were significantly higher than the rates among patients receiving placebo (in UNITI-1, 34.3%, 33.7%, and 21.5%, respectively, with P≤0.003 for both comparisons with placebo; in UNITI-2, 51.7%, 55.5%, and 28.7%, respectively, with P<0.001 for both doses). In the groups receiving maintenance doses of ustekinumab every 8 weeks or every 12 weeks, 53.1% and 48.8%, respectively, were in remission at week 44, as compared with 35.9% of those receiving placebo (P = 0.005 and P = 0.04, respectively). Within each trial, adverse-event rates were similar among treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease, those receiving intravenous ustekinumab had a significantly higher rate of response than did those receiving placebo. Subcutaneous ustekinumab maintained remission in patients who had a clinical response to induction therapy. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01369329, NCT01369342, and NCT01369355.

Modelo de formação para habilidades de monitoramento de professores universitários

The problem relevance that we are studying is attributable to the need to create educational process monitoring at universities and the insufficient development of theoretical, scientific and methodological features of forming teachers’ monitoring skills in the course of their educational activities. The major aim of the study is to build a model for the formation of teachers’ monitoring skills of and its implementation into the universities’ educational process in Kazakhstan. The research methods include modeling which will allow to study this issue as a process of meaningful acquisition of university monitoring skills by teachers. The research results in this article represent a model for the formation of university teachers’ monitoring skills, show the properties of monitoring skills; develop a mechanism for introducing this model into practice. The practical significance of this article is that the model is aimed at adapting teachers to modern circumstances of professional activity in the educational sphere and is concentrated upon developing scientific and methodological support for education quality monitoring.La relevancia del problema que estamos estudiando es atribuible a la necesidad de desarrollar el seguimiento del proceso educativo en las universidades y al insuficiente desarrollo de los aspectos teóricos, científicos y metodológicos de la formación de las habilidades de seguimiento de los docentes en el transcurso de su formación. ocupaciones. El propósito del estudio es desarrollar un modelo para la formación de las habilidades de seguimiento de los maestros y su implementación en el proceso educativo de las universidades de Kazajstán. Los métodos de investigación incluyen modelos que permitirán estudiar este problema como un proceso de adquisición intencionada de habilidades de monitoreo universitario por parte de los profesores. Los resultados de la investigación en este artículo representan un modelo para la formación de las habilidades de monitoreo de los docentes universitarios, muestran las propiedades de las habilidades de monitoreo; Desarrollar un mecanismo para la puesta en práctica de este modelo. La trascendencia práctica de este artículo radica en que el modelo está orientado a la adaptación del profesorado a las nuevas condiciones de la actividad profesional en el ámbito educativo y se centra en el desarrollo de soportes científicos y metodológicos para el seguimiento de la calidad educativa.A relevância do problema que estudamos pode ser atribuída à necessidade de desenvolver o acompanhamento do processo educativo nas universidades e ao insuficiente desenvolvimento dos aspectos teóricos, científicos e metodológicos da formação do acompanhamento docente no curso de sua formação. Atividades. O objetivo do estudo é desenvolver um modelo para a formação de habilidades de monitoramento de professores e sua implementação no processo educacional de universidades no Cazaquistão. Os métodos de pesquisa incluem modelagem que permitirá estudar este problema como um processo de aquisição proposital de habilidades de monitoramento universitário pelos professores. Os resultados da pesquisa neste artigo representam um modelo para a formação de competências de monitoramento de professores universitários, mostram as propriedades de competências de monitoramento; desenvolver um mecanismo para introduzir este modelo na prática. O significado prático deste artigo é que o modelo visa a adaptação dos professores às novas condições de atuação profissional no campo da educação e está focado no desenvolvimento de suportes científicos e metodológicos para o monitoramento da qualidade da educação