The Reconstruction of Etymon Proto of Sambori and Teta Isolects Spoken in Bima Regency-NTB-Indonesia

The previous studies that describe the phonological system of the isolects and the description of their differing and uniting linguistic features have not yet answered the doubts among Indonesian linguists whether or not the  Proto of Sambori-Teta (PSm-Te)  were descended from Proto Austronesia (PAn). Thus, this article aims to describe the interrelatedness of the two protoes and to describe the types of sound changes from the PAn to PSm-Te etymons.  This descriptive study applied a comparative method by implementing bottom-up and top-down analysis in reconstructing the PSm-Te. The linguistic features as the evidence of the interrelatedness of the two protoes were identified and analyzed using sound change theories. This study found 1691 (99.35%)  definitive etymons of PSm-Te among 1702 etymons of Sambori and Teta Isolects identified in this study, and the types of sound change from PAn to PSm-Te etymons showed addition, deletion, metathesis, diphthongization, fusion, fortition, lenition, fronting, and backing. The definitive PSm-Te and the identified types of sound changes can be used as the linguistic evidence to determine that PAn descend PSm-Te. Therefore Sambori and Teta isolects reflect PSm-Te

Analysis of Slang Words Formation Found in the Lyrics of Drake’s Songs

This research attempted to find out the word formation processes of slang words found in the lyrics of Drake’s songs. This research applied descriptive qualitative research design. The theory of the 18 word formation processes based on the synthesized theories from Yule (2010), Mattielo (2008), O’Grady, Aronoff, & Dobrovolsky (1997) were used as guidelines. This study found out that there were 190 slang words existing in the lyrics of the songs. They were respectively categorized into clipping (27%), coinage (25%), multiple process (22%), compounding (18%), reduplicatives (2%), variation (2%), borrowing (1%), blending (1%), acronym and initialism (1%), reversed forms (0.5%), and onomatopoeia (0.5%)

A Study on Lexicons Used in Metajen Tradition in Sukadana Village, Karangasem Regency

This research aims to know the types of lexicons used during the Metajen tradition in Sukadana Village, Karangasem Regency. This study is a qualitative study using 2 (two) experts in this field, namely the elderly (penua) and also the local village apparatus. The instruments in this study are the researchers themselves, the observation sheet, the interview guide, the recording tool and the phone camera.  From this study, a number of lexicons and cultural meanings can be found in the study: a total of 64 (sixty-four), displayed in (24) lexicon about type or roosters, fourteen (14) Lexicons about betting code, eight (8) lexicons about instruments used, (7) lexicon for roles of people in the tradition, and eleven (11) lexicons of type of taji or sharp knives used and how it is being installed in the feet of the roosters. The cultural meaning of this activity was a component of a cultural ceremonies known as the mecaru ceremony or Tabuh Rah, which is identical to the Hindu ceremony specifically any Bhuta Yadnya upakara

The Lexicons Used in Palawakya Dance Costumes

Palawakya dance is a kind of dance which mixes the arts of dance, music, and old Balinese song called Kakawin. Culturally, the dance consists of various lexicons used in common life but it is getting rarely used by people nowadays. This research was designed in the form of descriptive qualitative research by applying an ecolinguistic approach. It was focused on analyzing the lexicons of Palawakya dance costumes in Jagaraga Village, Singaraja. Observation and interview were conducted to obtain the data of this research by involving three informants. The informants were selected by using purposive sampling. The instruments used in gaining the data were observation sheet and interview guide. The results of this study showed that there were 17 lexicons found in the dance costumes. The dance costumes were divided into five parts; 1) head costume consists of five lexicons, 2) neck costume consists of one lexicon, 3) body costume consists of eight lexicons, 4) hands, costume consists of one lexicon, 5) leg costume consists of two lexicons. In addition, another result revealed that there were 16 cultural meanings found in the Palawakya dance costumes. Keywords : Costume, Cultural Meaning, Ecolinguistics, lexicons, Palawaky

Lexicon of Costumes in The Rangda Dance

Balinese culture has many traditions. One of the traditions in Bali is the Balinese dance that exists in Bali. Several dances have a sacred meaning for Balinese people. One of the dances is the Rangda dance. This dance contains many lexicons in the dance's costumes. This study aimed to discover the lexicons that exist in Rangda dance costumes. This study is designed as descriptive qualitative research using the ecolinguistics approach. The data were obtained through observation and interviews with selected informants. The study's result shows that twenty-seven lexicons exist in Rangda dance costumes. The data were categorized into the lexicons in the mask (ten lexicons) and lexicons on the costume (seventeen lexicons). Those lexicons including tapel rangda, terang, kumba, petitis, lidah api, teteh api, jangar api, rambut, jebug, bungan jepun, jaler reringitan, baju reringitan, udeng, badong mute, badong kulit, angkeb baong, tapih, ampok ampok, kuku, basang basang, sabuk, baju pepontangan, jaler pepontangan, semayut, nyonyo. galeng, and kereb

An Experimental Study on The Impact of Digital Multilingual Thematic Dictionary for The Sixth Grade Students’ Literacy Skill

This research aims to present justification for whether or not there is any significant impact of using a digital multilingual thematic dictionary on sixth-grade students’ literacy skills using quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test only control group design. The researcher determined the research sample using statistical matching scores proposed by Fraenkel et al. (2012). The statistical matching scores were administered in determining the two intact groups. Two intact groups which had similar scores and were statistically proven to have insignificant differences in abilities were selected as the research sample, namely; (1) SD N 1 Kubutambahan was the control group, and (2) SD N 3 Banjar Jawa was the experimental group. The instruments used in this research were literacy skill tests which contain pre-test and post-test questions, and teaching scenarios for the control and experimental group. The pre-test was given before treatment and the post-test was given after treatment. Both groups received three times of treatments with three materials namely home activities, animals, and public places. The obtained data were analyzed quantitatively with descriptive statistical, inferential statistical, and N-Gain score test analysis. Based on the results of the calculation of the N-Gain Score test and the descriptive analysis, the mean score of the N-Gain for the experimental group was 73.3759%, while the mean score of the N-Gain for the control group was 48.0249%. The results of the N-Gain score test show that the use of the digital multilingual thematic dictionary in the experimental group was moderately effective, while the use of the printed thematic picture dictionary in the control group was less effective. Thus, it can be concluded that the digital multilingual thematic dictionary performs better than a printed thematic picture dictionary on sixth-grade students’ literacy skills

Developing Authentic Reading Material for the Tenth Year Students of State Vocational High School 1 Kubutambahan

This study aimed at (i) developing authentic reading material for the tenth year students of Vocational high school based on the School Based Curriculum that meet the criteria of a good reading material, (ii) identifying the reading materials which have been used in SMK negeri 1 Kubutambahan, (iii) identifying the types of reading material which are needed to be developed fro the tenth year students of SMK Negeri 1 Kubutambahan, (iv) identifying the reading topics which were needed to be developed for the tenth year students of SMK Negeri 1 Kubutambahan, (v) developing reading activities that could be included and needed to be developed for the tenth year students of SMK Negeri 1 Kubutambahan. The data were gained using research instruments such as questionnaires, rubrics, and interview guides in order to find the compatibility of the existing materials and the developed materials with the syllabus and the criteria of good materials. Gall and Gall design model was employed as the present research procedures. The obtained data were quantitatively analyzed by using percentage of frequency. From the results, new materials were developed based on the requirements of syllabus analysis, criteria of good materials and good reading materials. After being developed, the materials were evaluated by experts. The results of the analysis were used as guideline for revising the developed materials. After being revised, the new materials were field-tested in the tenth year grade of SMK Negeri 1 Kubutambahan after conducting pre-test in order to identify the students\u27 prior knowledge. After field-test, post-test was conducted to identify whether or not the developed materials could improve the students\u27 reading comprehension. The next step was revising the results of the field test. After field-testing, the rubrics for analyzing the quality of developed materials were distributed to the teacher and the students. The obtained data were analyzed and categorized to ascertain rating scales. In conclusion, it was found that (i) the reading materials were developed based on the criteria of good materials, and the school-based curriculum and BSNP for the tenth year students of Vocational High School and considered as good reading materials, based on the criteria proposed by Tomlinson (1998, (ii) the existing materials in the English book used did not fully meet the requirements of the syllabus and curriculum, and categorized as average materials, (iii) authentic reading materials were the type of materials needed to be developed for the tenth year students of SMK Negeri 1 Kubutambahan, (iv) the reading topics which were needed to be developed were based on the SBC syllabus, (v) the reading activities that can be included and needed to be developed for the tenth year students of SMK Negeri 1 Kubutambahan were reading activities which based on the criteria proposed by Tomlinson (1998) and SBC