Producción de un biofertilizante / bioestimulante mediante un proceso biológico / enzimático a partir de subproductos orgánicos: valorización agronómica y ambiental de lodos de depuradora y plumas de matadero.

Premio Extraordinario de Doctorado U

Efectos potenciales de la desgravación arancelaria de un Tratado de Libre Comercio con Estados Unidos

En el presente estudio se realizan estimados de los principales efectos macroeconómicos potenciales de la desgravación arancelaria derivada del Tratado de Libre Comercio con Estados Unidos. Sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta que se excluyen otros aspectos relevantes contenidos en el tratado, tales como las reglas de origen, las compras gubernamentales, la propiedad intelectual, entre otros. El estudio consta de tres secciones. En la primera se presenta un modelo de equilibrio general computable (CGE, por sus siglas en inglés) de dos sectores agregados: el primario (tradicional) y el no primario (no tradicional). Este modelo permitirá estimar los efectos de la desgravación arancelaria. En la segunda sección se presentan las simulaciones de los efectos macroeconómicos para un programa de desgravación arancelaria basado en el acuerdo alcanzado, tanto por parte de Estados Unidos como del Perú, al que se le aplica un análisis de sensibilidad. Asimismo se discuten los resultados obtenidos y se incluye una evaluación conceptual cualitativa. Finalmente, en la última sección se presentan las principales conclusiones y sugerencias de política económica

Effects of foliar fertilization of a biostimulant obtained from chicken feathers on maize yield

Due to the important contribution that it makes to human nutrition, maize is one of the most widely-consumed cereals in the world. There is, therefore, high demand for fertilizers that will maintain maize production at both high yield and quality levels. The objective of this work was to study the effect of foliar fertilization using a biostimulant, obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis from chicken feathers, on the productivity and quality of maize crops (Zea mays, L. cv PR32W86 Pioneer), located in Trujillanos (Extremadura, Spain), over two consecutive seasons. Foliar biostimulant/biofertilizer was applied three times each season and at two rates (3.6 and 7.2 l ha−1). At the higher rate and for both seasons, foliar fertilization significantly increased the leaf concentrations of macro- and micronutrients, while grain protein content and yield increased by 26% and 14%. These results suggest that the foliar use of this biostimulant could be of great interest to the farmer for improving both maize crop yield and quality.Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad CTM2015-64354-C3-1-RMinisterio de Economia y Competitividad CTM2015-64354-C3-3-RJunta de Andalucía RNM-2011-788

Biomethane production improvement by enzymatic pretreatments and enhancers of sewage sludge anaerobic digestion

Enzymatic hydrolysis is recognised as an effective pre-treatment for increasing biodegradability of sludge. In this work, isolated commercial enzymes as well as in-situ enzymes producer bacteria were used respectively as enhancers and pre-treatments of sewage sludge. Biodegradability of sample as well as biomethane potential production were studied. Results showed that depuration efficiencies in terms of CODs (73.5-85.5 %) and TVS (28.5-42.7 %) were more than twice the control value. In addition, pre-treated samples as well as enhanced samples with enzymes generated more biomethane than control. The optimal ones, were those with the isolated proteases (P) and with bacteria (Bacillus licheniformis) treatment in-situ (F), producing a total volume of 72.4 ± 2.62 ml CH4 and 114 ml ± 0.46 CH4, respectively, increasing the biogas volume in 3.65 and 5.77 times respectively compared with control

Transitional justice after the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a real challenge for health systems and public policies. Both the pandemic and the measures taken to mitigate it have affected the freedoms and rights of the different sectors of society, especially the most vulnerable ones, and have increased the already existing structural inequalities. Consequently, the pandemic must be analyzed from the perspective of human rights. Transitional Justice (TJ) has proven to be useful after conflict situations, helping societies to confront abuses perpetrated and to find solutions for the future, as well as repairing damages that have arisen as a consequence of these conflicts in different areas. Thus, TJ processes have been successfully used after armed conflicts and during peace negotiations, to respond to abuses perpetrated in consolidated democracies, and even after environmental crises. Therefore, the creation of a “Truth and Reconciliation Commission for the COVID-19 pandemic”, which launches the TJ processes of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-repetition can help to find solutions to conflicts arising from the pandemic in a simple way. In addition, it would establish the foundations to prevent the violation of human rights in similar situations to come.Campus Arequip

Métodos alternativos para la estimación del PBI potencial 1950-2007

En el presente documento se realizan estimaciones del producto potencial para el periodo 1950-2007 bajo cinco grupos de métodos distintos y discuten las diferencias y limitaciones de los resultados obtenidos. Además, se presentan estimados del stock de capital, la inversión neta y el producto interno neto para el mismo periodo

Dynamical characterization of the 6/1 mean motion resonance between Quaoar's ring and Weywot

Recently, it has been reported the discovery of a dense ring around the trans-Neptunian object 50000 Quaoar. The ring particles seem to be very close to the 6/1 mean motion resonance with Weywot, the only known satellite in the system. In this work we investigate the dynamical environment in the close vicinity of the 6/1 orbital resonance in the context of the restricted three body problem. We aim to analyze whether, in view of observational constraints, the ring could be effectively evolving in resonant motion with the satellite. Through the technique of dynamical maps we identify and characterize the 6/1 mean motion resonance, finding that the main location of the resonance deviates by only $29$ km from the central part of the ring. This difference lies within the 3$\sigma$ confidence level, considering the uncertainties in the observational parameters. We also show that the Weywot's eccentricity plays a significant role in the dynamical structure of the 6/1 resonance. The results show that the resonance width is smaller than the estimated ring's width. Under assumption of a ring with eccentricity smaller than 0.05, clumping of test particles appears at the position of the different resonant multiplets, considering the nominal value of Weywot's eccentricity. This is in agreement with observations, which indicate that the estimated resonance width ($\leq$ 10 km) is comparable with the narrow and dense arc of material within Quaoar's ring. Our results may be an indicative that the 6/1 resonance resonance plays a key role in confining the arc ring.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA

Transient Propagation and Scattering of Quasi-Rayleigh Waves in Plates: Quantitative comparison between Pulsed TV-Holography Measurements and FC(Gram) elastodynamic simulations

We study the scattering of transient, high-frequency, narrow-band quasi-Rayleigh elastic waves by through-thickness holes in aluminum plates, in the framework of ultrasonic nondestructive testing (NDT) based on full-field optical detection. Sequences of the instantaneous two-dimensional (2-D) out-of-plane displacement scattering maps are measured with a self-developed PTVH system. The corresponding simulated sequences are obtained by means of an FC(Gram) elastodynamic solver introduced recently, which implements a full three-dimensional (3D) vector formulation of the direct linear-elasticity scattering problem. A detailed quantitative comparison between these experimental and numerical sequences, which is presented here for the first time, shows very good agreement both in the amplitude and the phase of the acoustic field in the forward, lateral and backscattering areas. It is thus suggested that the combination of the PTVH system and the FC(Gram) elastodynamic solver provides an effective ultrasonic inspection tool for plate-like structures, with a significant potential for ultrasonic NDT applications.Comment: 46 pages, 16 figures, corresponding author Jos\'e Carlos L\'opez-V\'azquez, [email protected]. Changes: 1st, 4th, 5th paragraphs (intro), 3rd, 4th paragraphs (sec. 4); [59-60] cited only in appendixes; old ref. [52] removed; misprints corrected in the uncertainty of c_L (subsec. 3.1), citation to fig. 10 (sec. 4), size of images (caption fig.15); reference to Lam\'e constants removed in subsec. 3.

Animación Sociocultural en el 1º Ciclo: ¿Cuáles son los Beneficios de Promover la Integración Escolar?

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar la perspicacia pedagógica de la relación entre la Animación Sociocultural y el educar, verificando cuál es la percepción que los alumnos y docentes revelan sobre la misma. La animación sociocultural es relevante en el desarrollo del niño, pues valorizando el juego, previene conflictos y favorece las relaciones sociales. En la escuela, esta interrelación con el juego hace que la acción de la Animación Sociocultural aplicada a la educación ayude a construir la personalidad del niño, instruyendo normas y reglas de socialización de manera lúdica. Así, el presente estudio intentó demostrar cuál es el valor que la Animación Sociocultural tiene en la integración y éxito escolares, en la percepción de los propios alumnos de la Enseñanza Básica. De esta forma, se implementó el Programa TEIP en la Agrupación de Escuelas Nunes Álvares en Castelo Branco, Portugal. Se pretendió verificar si los alumnos del 1º Ciclo consideran importante la relación entre la Animación Sociocultural y la enseñanza curricular con el objetivo de promover la integración y éxito escolares. Después de la participación de 439 alumnos, se verificó que la relación entre la animación y el educar es relevante y positiva, siendo vista como promotora y facilitadora del éxito e integración escolar.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio