Problemática de las emisiones de flúor, cloro y azufre durante la cocción de materiales de la industria ladrillera.

proceso de cocción de materias primas cerámicas lleva implícito la emisión de elementos contaminantes (F, Cl, SO2, B, NOx ). En el caso de emisiones de F, Cl, y S la contaminación depende de la concentración de estos elementos en las materias primas (filosilicatos, pirita, yeso, halita, apatito, carbonates), de la temperatura, del tiempo de cocción, del tipo de combustible y del horno empleados. Los contenidos en F, Cl y S varían en función de la génesis y la composición mineralógica de las materias primas. Los valores tienen un rango de variación entre 150-6500 ppm , media 800 ppm para el F; 10-1000 ppm, media 100 ppm para el Cl, y <100-6000 ppm, media 2000 ppm para el S. Las emisiones para el F a 850°C son menores del 40% del total, especialmente si las materias primas tienen altos porcentajes de carbonatos, y superan el 70% cuando se cuecen a temperaturas superiores a 1100°C. Las de Cl suelen alcanzar más altos porcentajes pero no son significativas debido a los bajos contenidos de este elemento en las materias primas. Las emisiones de S son muy variables incluso algunos ladrillos contienen más S que la muestra original debido al aporte del combustible. Se realizan algunas recomendaciones para disminuir la contaminación, pero es necesario una mayor investigación para profundizar en el estudio de los parámetros que controlan las emisiones de estos elementos

La vuelta al mundo a través de las canciones con LeeMúsica: interculturalismo en el aula de infantil

Se trata de una propuesta didáctica, donde se aborda la interculturalidad en las aulas de Educación Infantil, a través del conocimiento de las canciones de otras culturas y etnias del mundo. En la propuesta se pretende acercar la cultura de todos los rincones del mundo a través de experiencias relacionadas con la música y su folclore, trabajando no solo canciones, sino todas las facetas culturales relacionadas con esta, así como los instrumentos típicos y los bailes. El objetivo principal es conseguir un aula sin prejuicios y donde haya una mirada más abierta al mundo que nos rodea.Grado en Educación Infanti

A auditoria forense: as vertentes da detecção de fraudes e da prova pericial

A auditoria forense, disciplina recente que se baseia na contabilidade, auditoria e técnicas de investigação, tem conhecido um grande desenvolvimento, não só motivado pelos recentes escândalos financeiros, como também pelo esforço que a auditoria tem feito para responder às exigências dos utilizadores das demonstrações financeiras e pelo aumento das preocupações das organizações no que diz respeito à fiabilidade da prestação da informação financeira. Em vários países tem vindo a aparecer o auditor forense cuja competência técnica, experiência, espírito de persistência e atitude de suspeição conferem-lhe grande credibilidade na prevenção e detecção de fraudes ao nível organizacional e também no desempenho de funções de perito em casos judiciais.Forensic auditing is an emerging field based in accounting, auditing and investigation techniques, witch as known a great development in the past years. This development was due not only to the recent financial scandals, but also by the effort that auditing as been making in response to the demands of the financial information users, and also by the rise of the awareness of organizations in respect to the reliability of the financial information reported to investors. In several countries we have seen the rise of the forensic auditor whose technical skills, experience, persistence and suspicion attitude give him great credibility in the field of preventions and detecting frauds, at an organizational level, as well as acting like an expert witness in courts of law

The Role of Mental Health Conditions in the Diagnosis of Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed mental health conditions (UMHC) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) on antiretroviral treatment and with long-term suppressed HIV viremia, and its association with neurocognitive impairment (NCI). A cross-sectional observational study on HIV subjects, ≥18 years old, on stable antiretroviral treatment and with HIV viral load <50 copies/mL was carried out. Patients with known comorbidities, substances abuse, anxiety or depression were excluded. UMHC were evaluated by the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III and NCI by Frascati criteria. The association between NCI and sociodemographic, clinical HIV variables and mental health conditions was analyzed. Further, the relationship between mental health conditions scores and NCI diagnosis was evaluated. Eighty patients were included, 37.5% had at least one undiagnosed mental health condition, and 26.3% had NCI. The most frequent mental health conditions were: anxiety (21.3%); bipolar disorder (11.3%); and substance dependence (8.8%). Only longer time since HIV diagnosis (p = 0.030) and at least one mental health condition diagnosis (p = 0.002) showed an association with NCI. Participants with NCI presented higher scores in anxiety, alcohol dependence and post-traumatic stress. Undiagnosed mental health conditions are frequent in PLWHIV. These disorders cannot be identified by HIV clinicians or basic screening questionnaires, and they are not usually self-reported by patients. UMHC could act as confounders in the evaluation of NCI.This work was supported by Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation) (I.P.T., grant numbers UGP-18-242), and the Office of the Vice President of Research and Knowledge Transfer of the University of Alicante (N.R.R. grant numbers GRE-18-17B), and it also has been partially supported by the SPANISH AIDS Research Network RD16/0025/0037 project as part of the Plan Nacional R+D+I

Urbanization correlates with the prevalence and richness of blood parasites in Eurasian Blackbirds (Turdus merula)

J.D.I. was funded by a postdoctoral contract (TAHUB-104) from the program ‘Andalucía Talent Hub’ (Marie Sklodowska Curie actions - COFUND). A.D.F. was funded by the ‘Severo Ochoa’ grant (SVP-2014-068571) from MICINN (Spain). J.A. was funded by a grant from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (CT45/15-CT46/15). During the writing of this manuscript, J.F. was supported by the MICINN project PID2021-123761OB-I00 supported by FEDER funds, J.M.P. by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 [grant number PID2020-118205GB-I00] and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación (Proyecto: P21_00049), while J.D.I. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-107423GA-I00 / SRA (State Research Agency / 10.13039/501100011033).Urbanization is increasing worldwide, producing severe environmental impacts. Biodiversity is affected by the expansion of cities, with many species being unable to cope with the different human-induced stressors present in these landscapes. However, this knowledge is mainly based on research from taxa such as plants or vertebrates, while other organisms like protozoa have been less studied in this context. The impact of urbanization on the transmission of vector-borne pathogens in wildlife is still unclear despite its relevance for animal and human health. Here, we investigated whether cities are associated with changes in the prevalence and richness of lineages of three vector-borne protozoans (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon) in Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula) from multiple urban and forest areas in Europe. Our results show important species-specific differences between these two habitat types. We found a significant lower prevalence of Leucocytozoon in urban birds compared to forest birds, but no differences for Plasmodium and Haemoproteus. Furthermore, the richness of parasite lineages in European cities was higher for Plasmodium but lower for Leucocytozoon than in forests. We also found one Plasmodium lineage exclusively from cities while another of Leucocytozoon was only found in forests suggesting a certain level of habitat specialization for these protozoan vectors. Overall, our findings show that cities provide contrasting opportunities for the transmission of different vector-borne pathogens and generate new scenarios for the interactions between hosts, vectors and parasites.Marie Sklodowska Curie actions - COFUND: TAHUB-104MICINN ‘Severo Ochoa’ SVP-2014-068571Universidad Complutense de Madrid CT45/15-CT46/15MICINN PID2021-123761OB-I00FEDERMCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2020-118205GB-I00Junta de Andalucía P21_00049Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-107423GA-I00 / SRA (State Research Agency / 10.13039/501100011033

Elucidation of the Chemical Role of the Pyroclastic Materials on the State of Conservation of Mural Paintings from Pompeii

Pyroclastic strata have always been thought to protect the archaeological remains of the Vesuvian area (Italy), hence allowing their conservation throughout the centuries. In this work, we demonstrate that they constitute a potential threat for the conservation state of the mural paintings of Pompeii. The ions that could be leached from them and the ion‐rich groundwater coming from the volcanic soil/rocks, may contribute to salt crystallisation. Thermodynamic modelling not only allowed to predict which salts can precipitate from such leaching events, but also assisted the identification of additional sources of sulfates and alkali metals, to explain the formation of the sulfates identified in efflorescences from the mural paintings of Pompeii. For the future, fluorine, mainly related to a volcanic origin, can be proposed as a marker to monitor in situ the extent of the impact in the mural paintings of Pompeii.The research leading to these results has received funding from “la Caixa” Foundation (Silvia Pérez-Diez, ID 100010434, Fellowship code LCF/BQ/ES18/11670017). This work has been supported by the projects MADyLIN (Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness from Spain, Grant No. BIA2017‐87063‐P) funded by the Spanish Agency for Research AEI (MINECO-FEDER/UE) and MINECO-17-CTQ2016-77887-C2-1-R

When Red Turns Black: Influence of the 79 AD Volcanic Eruption and Burial Environment on the Blackening/Darkening of Pompeian Cinnabar

It is widely known that the vivid hue of red cinnabar can darken or turn black. Many authors have studied this transformation, but only a few in the context of the archeological site of Pompeii. In this work, the co-occurrence of different degradation patterns associated with Pompeian cinnabar-containing fresco paintings (alone or in combination with red/yellow ocher pigments) exposed to different types of environments (pre- and post-79 AD atmosphere) is reported. Results obtained from the in situ and laboratory multianalytical methodology revealed the existence of diverse transformation products in the Pompeian cinnabar, consistent with the impact of the environment. The effect of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide emitted during the 79 AD eruption on the cinnabar transformation was also evaluated by comparing the experimental evidence found on paintings exposed and not exposed to the post-79 AD atmosphere. Our results highlight that not all the darkened areas on the Pompeian cinnabar paintings are related to the transformation of the pigment itself, as clear evidence of darkening associated with the presence of manganese and iron oxide formation (rock varnish) on fragments buried before the 79 AD eruption has also been found.The research leading to these results has received funding from “la Caixa” Foundation (Silvia Pérez-Diez, ID 100010434, Fellowship code LCF/BQ/ES18/11670017). A.P.M. is a Serra Húnter fellow. A.P.M’s research was supported by a Beatriu de Pinós postdoctoral grant (2017 BP-A 00046) of the Government of Catalonia’s Secretariat for Universities & Research of the Ministry of Economy and Knowledge. This work has been supported by the project MADyLIN (BIA2017-87063-P) funded by the Spanish Agency for Research AEI (MINECO-FEDER/UE). The authors thank for the funding provided by University of the Basque Country through the Institutionally Sponsored Open Access

Graft-Versus-Leukemia Effect after Haplo-Identical Stem Cell Transplantation with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide in Patients with AML- No Association with Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD): A Study on Behalf of the Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT.

Introduction Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) is curative therapy in AML by providing intensive chemotherapy and enhancing a graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. The GVL effect is usually closely associated with GVHD. The use of haploidentical SCT (haploSCT) is rapidly increasing due to the introduction of non-T depleted methods, in particular with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy), with similar outcomes as following other donor sources. There is no data whether GVL after haploSCT is associated with GVHD as in matched donor SCT. Methods We assessed the impact of acute and chronic GVHD on SCT outcomes following non-T depleted haploSCT with PTCy, by using a series of landmark analyses. Results The study included 605 patients with AML in CR1 (73%) or CR2 (27%) after haploSCT with PTCy, given during the years 2009-2016. The median age was 53 years (18-76). The overall rate of acute GVHD grade II-IV and III-IV was 28.4% and 8.0%, respectively. The rates of chronic GVHD all grades and extensive were 32.7% and 12.3%, respectively. The 2-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) was 59.9%. 509 patients were alive and leukemia-free 100 days after SCT; 366 had no prior acute GVHD at this landmark, 107 had acute GVHD grade II and 36 had grade III-IV. The subsequent relapse rate was 20.3%, 18.3% and 11.9%, respectively (P=0.60). The subsequent non-relapse mortality (NRM) rate was 10.3%, 19.0% and 35.7%, respectively (P Conclusions Acute and chronic GVHD of any grade were not associated with subsequent relapse. Acute GVHD grade III-IV and extensive chronic GVHD were associated with higher NRM and lower LFS. GVL is thus not closely associated with GVHD after non T-depleted haploSCT with PTCy. Future novel strategies for prevention of significant GVHD are warranted

An Aptamer against MNK1 for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its late diagnosis and consequently poor survival make necessary the search for new therapeutic targets. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) is overexpressed in lung cancer and correlates with poor overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The previously identified and optimized aptamer from our laboratory against MNK1, apMNKQ2, showed promising results as an antitumor drug in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the present study shows the antitumor potential of apMNKQ2 in another type of cancer where MNK1 plays a significant role, such as NSCLC. The effect of apMNKQ2 in lung cancer was studied with viability, toxicity, clonogenic, migration, invasion, and in vivo efficacy assays. Our results show that apMNKQ2 arrests the cell cycle and reduces viability, colony formation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in NSCLC cells. In addition, apMNKQ2 reduces tumor growth in an A549-cell line NSCLC xenograft model. In summary, targeting MNK1 with a specific aptamer may provide an innovative strategy for lung cancer treatment.R.C.-M. was supported for predoctoral contracts (PEJD 2016-BMD-2145 and 2018-BMD-9201) from the Community of Madrid and grant RTC2019-07227-1. M.E.M. and V.M.G. are researchers from FIBio-HRC supported by Consejeria de Sanidad (CAM). This work was supported by grants RTC2019-07227-1 and PID2019-105417RB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Spain)

Chemometrics and elemental mapping by portable LIBS to identify the impact of volcanogenic and non-volcanogenic degradation sources on the mural paintings of Pompeii

Crystallization of soluble salts is a common degradation phenomenon that threatens the mural paintings of Pompeii. There are many elements that contribute to the crystallization of salts on the walls of this archaeological site. Notably, the leachates of the pyroclastic materials ejected in 79 AD by Mount Vesuvius and local groundwater, rich in ions from the erosion of volcanic rocks. Both sources could contribute to increase the concentration of halides (fluorides and chlorides) and other salts in these walls. The distribution of volcanogenic salts and their impact on the conservation of Pompeian mural paintings have however not yet been fully disclosed. In this work, an analytical methodology useful to determine the impact of the main sources of degradation affecting the mural paintings of Pompeii is presented. This methodology combines the creation of qualitative distribution maps of the halogens (CaF and CaCl) and related alkali metals (Na and K) by portable Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and a subsequent Principal Component Analysis of these data. Such maps, together with the in-situ identification of sulfate salts by portable Raman spectroscopy, provided information about the migration and distribution of volcanogenic halides and the influence of ions coming from additional sources (marine aerosol and modern consolidation mortars). Additionally, the thermodynamic modeling developed using the experimentally determined ionic content of Pompeian rain- and groundwater allowed to determine their specific role in the formation of soluble salts in the mural paintings of Pompeii.The research leading to these results has received funding from “la Caixa” Foundation (Silvia P erez-Diez, ID 100010434, Fellowship code LCF/BQ/ES18/11670017). This work has been supported by the Spanish Agency for Research AEI (MINECO- FEDER /UE) through the projects MADyLIN (BIA2017-87063-P) and MINECO-17-CTQ2016-77887-C2-1-R, and the Government of the Principality of Asturias (GRUPIN IDI/2018/000186). The authors thank for technical and human support provided by the laboratory Raman-LASPEA of SGIker (UPV/EHU/ ERDF, EU)