A grammar of Nias Selatan

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Quantum Chaos, Delocalization, and Entanglement in Disordered Heisenberg Models

We investigate disordered one- and two-dimensional Heisenberg spin lattices across a transition from integrability to quantum chaos from both a statistical many-body and a quantum-information perspective. Special emphasis is devoted to quantitatively exploring the interplay between eigenvector statistics, delocalization, and entanglement in the presence of nontrivial symmetries. The implications of basis dependence of state delocalization indicators (such as the number of principal components) is addressed, and a measure of {\em relative delocalization} is proposed in order to robustly characterize the onset of chaos in the presence of disorder. Both standard multipartite and {\em generalized entanglement} are investigated in a wide parameter regime by using a family of spin- and fermion- purity measures, their dependence on delocalization and on energy spectrum statistics being examined. A distinctive {\em correlation between entanglement, delocalization, and integrability} is uncovered, which may be generic to systems described by the two-body random ensemble and may point to a new diagnostic tool for quantum chaos. Analytical estimates for typical entanglement of random pure states restricted to a proper subspace of the full Hilbert space are also established and compared with random matrix theory predictions.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, revised versio

Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO₂ on Scrub-Oak Root Carbon Pools and Soil Microbial Processes

The levels of atmospheric CO2 are rising and this affects the growth of plants and the ecosystems in which they reside. Plants take up additional C from the atmosphere and have potential to sequester C in the soil. I investigated the sequestration of C belowground and the microbial processes that control C retention in the soil. This study was conducted in a Florida scrub-oak ecosystem, where CO2 levels have been elevated to twice ambient since 1996 in open top chambers. There were eight replicates of ambient CO2 chambers and eight replicates of twice-ambient CO2 levels. The chambers were blocked according to the vegetation present at the beginning of the study and the site was burned prior to construction of the chambers. Soil cores were taken to investigate the effects of elevated CO2 on soil biomass pools, microbial response and nutrient limitations. Elevated CO2 did not affect total biomass of roots as of May 2002. There was less biomass of the smallest roots (2 in the top 10 cm. The C and N contents of root and organic matter pools reflected the trends in biomass. N concentration was lower for 2. An oxygen biosensor system was used to examine microbial function in the scrub-oak soils. Microbial response was affected by CO2 treatments. The soil microbial communities had greater N limitation in elevated CO2 than ambient CO2, while the litter community was unaffected. The rhizosphere community had greater P limitation in elevated CO2 than ambient CO2 . Substrates for the microbes derived from roots and litter grown in elevated CO2 seemed to have more energy available to microbes, but this was dependent upon N conditions. Overall, there was greater nutrient limitation of microbial activity in elevated CO2 than ambient CO2, but the scrub-oak ecosystem was nutrient limited regardless of CO2 conditions preventing full use of the potential C available for energy

Boom or Bust: Short-Term Loans Five Years Later

The University of Kansas (KU) Libraries began a demand-driven acquisition program for e-books in late 2011, which included short-term loans (STLs). At that time, STLs cost 5 to 10% of a book’s list price, with libraries paying no more than 130% when actually purchasing an e-book. The literature from the early years praises the new purchasing model as cost effective, often saving libraries thousands of dollars annually. However, in 2014, the cost of STLs began to increase, with a handful of publishers charging as high as 30 to 35% per loan. In FY14, the KU Libraries saw a sudden 122% increase in the cost of their STLs and a 277% increase in the overall cost of their ebook purchases. Alarmed by this sudden increase, KU librarians began looking for solutions to save money, including lowering the number of loans from three to two before triggering a purchase. Unfortunately, STL costs at KU continued to rise the following year by 32%. STLs were no longer working as a cost-saving measure, and publisher pricing for STLs has continued to rise, some to as much as 40 to 50% of the cost of a book

Epidemiology of Any and Vaccine-Type Anogenital Human Papillomavirus Among 13-26-Year-Old Young Men After HPV Vaccine Introduction

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to determine prevalence of and factors associated with any human papillomavirus (HPV) and vaccine-type HPV among young men after vaccine introduction, stratified by vaccination status. METHODS: Young men were recruited from clinical sites from 2013 to 2015, completed a survey, and were tested for 36 anogenital HPV types. We determined factors associated with ≥1 HPV type among all participants, and vaccine-type HPV (HPV6, 11, 16, and/or 18) among all, vaccinated and unvaccinated participants, using multivariable regression. RESULTS: Mean age was 21.5 years and 26% had received at least one HPV vaccine dose. HPV prevalence was lower in vaccinated versus unvaccinated young men (50.5% vs. 62.6%, p = .03). HPV positivity was discordant by anogenital site. At both sites, 59.4% were positive for ≥1 HPV type and 26.0% for ≥1 4-valent vaccine type. In multivariable logistic regression, factors associated with ≥1 HPV type among all participants were frequency of oral sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00-3.24), recent smoking (OR = 1.84, CI = 1.17-2.90), and sexually transmitted infection history (OR = 1.56, CI = 1.02-2.38). Factors associated with vaccine-type HPV among all participants were white versus black race (OR = 1.91, CI = 1.10-3.34) and gonorrhea history (OR = 2.52, CI = 1.45-4.38); among vaccinated participants were private versus Medicaid insurance (OR = 5.6, CI = 1.46-20.4) and private versus no insurance (OR = 15.9, CI = 3.06-83.3); and among unvaccinated participants was gonorrhea history (OR = 1.83, CI = 1.03-3.24). CONCLUSIONS: Anogenital HPV prevalence was high and vaccination rates low among young men 2-4 years after vaccine introduction, underscoring the urgency of increasing vaccination rates and vaccinating according to national guidelines

Case study of a Tulsa, Oklahoma school name change from Confederate to Indigenous roots: Supporters' meaning-making

This qualitative case study focuses on renaming an elementary school in Tulsa, Oklahoma from a Confederate namesake (Robert E. Lee Elementary) to a name reflecting Indigenous roots of the Muskogee Creek Nation (Council Oak). The renaming took place during a national movement of removing Confederate symbols and names from public places. The school’s original naming occurred in 1918, and the renaming occurred after a multi-year school board and community process in 2018. Using a constructionist and interpretivist approach and a conceptual orientation to memory work, I focused on the meaning-making of community members who supported the name change about the original and new names. I interviewed 16 people individually and through focus groups, collected documents, and observed community events to examine how supportive members constructed meanings through a continual, dynamic, social, and relational local process. For supporters, the process involved phases of awareness and action over multiple years. The renaming also caused community tensions and disagreements. The case is one of few studies focused on school renaming processes. It reflects both national meanings of Confederate names as “remembering” problematic histories as well as local meanings unique to “remembering” and “forgetting” aspects of Tulsa and Oklahoma’s racialized histor

Parental Motivational Beliefs and Involvement in School

Despite educational reform efforts to increase parent involvement in the local schools, discrepancies continue to exist between parents� desire to be involved and their actual involvement in the education of their children. Parent involvement is influenced by individual and contextual factors, which may explain this discrepancy. This quantitative study was designed to explore and test a part of the existing research model developed by Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler (2005) that includes parents� motivational beliefs. Parent motivational beliefs include role construction, valence towards school parental self- efficacy. The current study also examined the contribution of these factors to parental involvement behaviors, such as home-based and school-based involvement. In addition, this study sought to examine demographic factors such as levels of income, education status, and family structure to better understand the contextual influences of the families within the sample. Parents� (n = 107) motivational beliefs and involvement in home- based and school-based activities were examined in this study. Findings revealed significant relationships between role construction and parental self-efficacy. Role construction was also significantly related to all of the parent involvement variables and parents� education level. Findings suggest that higher levels of parent education are associated with higher parent role construction. Findings also suggest associations between higher parental education levels and higher positive valence toward school. In addition, parental self-efficacy was significantly related to parents� education level. Other findings discussed, implications for future studies and practice are discussed.Human Development & Family Scienc

Interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma: What have we learned?

Stigma is a common human reaction to disease. Throughout history many diseases have carried considerable stigma, including leprosy, tuberculosis, cancer, mental illness, and many sexually transmitted diseases. HIV/AIDS is only the latest disease to be stigmatized. This paper reviews 21 interventions that have explicitly attempted to decrease AIDS stigma both in the developed and developing countries and 9 studies that aim to decrease stigma related with other diseases. The studies selected met stringent evaluation criteria in order to draw common lessons for future development of interventions to combat stigma. This paper assesses published and reported studies through comparison of audiences, types of interventions, and methods used to measure change. Target audiences include both those living with or suspected of living with a disease and perpetrators of stigma. All interventions reviewed target subgroups within these broad categories. Types of programs include general information-based programs, contact with affected groups, coping skills acquisition, and counseling approaches. A limited number of scales and indices were used as indicators of change in AIDS stigma

Talking with the dead: spirit mediumship, affect and embodiment in Stoke-on-Trent

While Spiritualism has attracted much attention in other disciplines, geographers have largely ignored it. However, we agree with Holloway (2006 Enchanted spaces: the seance, affect, and geographies of religion Annals of the Association of American Geographers 96 182–7) that Spiritualism presents conceptual challenges that make it worthy of more attention. As Holloway suggests, the themes of affect, embodiment and materiality are particularly helpful in exploring religious experiences. The focus of this paper is on the practice and experience of spirit mediumship in a Spiritualist setting. In mediumship, a specific challenge is to materialise and embody spirit such that spirit communication feels personal and rings true. For us, this suggests that mediumship is routinely successful both because it can produce accurate messages, which are judged empirically, and also because it produces what we call affectual truths, which are judged tacitly on whether they feel right or not. To account for this, we introduce the idea of intermediumship to describe interactions in the space in-between the medium and the congregation. It is through this space in-between that the affects associated with mediumship emerge, are experienced and are verified. Rather than seeing spirit communication as somehow enchanted or extraordinary, we assert that talking with the dead is predicated on the ordinariness of the experience: that is, that talking with the dead is emblematic of affect and embodiment in everyday life

Supervision and Scholarly Writing: Writing to Learn - Learning to Write

This paper describes an action research project on postgraduate students’ scholarly writing in which I employed reflective approaches to examine and enhance my postgraduate supervisory practice. My reflections on three distinct cycles of supervision illustrate a shift in thinking about scholarly writing and an evolving understanding of how to support postgraduate students’ writing. These understandings provide the foundation for a future-oriented fourth cycle of supervisory practice, which is characterised by three principles, namely the empowerment of students as writers, the technological context of contemporary writing, and ethical issues in writing