234 research outputs found
The pangenome of the Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV)
The alphabaculovirusAnticarsia gemmatalismultiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) is the worldâs most successful viral bioinsecticide. Through the 1980s and 1990s, this virus was extensively used for biological control of populations ofAnticarsia gemmatalis(Velvetbean caterpillar) in soybean crops. During this period, genetic studies identified several variable loci in the AgMNPV; however, most of them were not characterized at the sequence level. In this study we report a full genome comparison among 17 wild-type isolates of AgMNPV. We found the pangenome of this virus to contain at least 167 hypothetical genes, 151 of which are shared by all genomes. The genebro-athat might be involved in host specificity and carrying transporter is absent in some genomes, and new hypothetical genes were observed. Among these genes there is a uniquernf12-likegene, probably implicated in ubiquitination. Events of gene fission and fusion are common, as four genes have been observed as single or split open reading frames. Gains and losses of genomic fragments (from 20 to 900 bp) are observed within tandem repeats, such as in eight direct repeats and four homologous regions. Most AgMNPV genes present low nucleotide diversity, and variable genes are mainly located in a locus known to evolve through homologous recombination. The evolution of AgMNPV is mainly driven by small indels, substitutions, gain and loss of nucleotide stretches or entire coding sequences. These variations may cause relevant phenotypic alterations, which probably affect the infectivity of AgMNPV. This work provides novel information on genomic evolution of the AgMNPV in particular and of baculoviruses in general
18 Sco: A solar twin rich in refractory and neutron-capture elements. Implications for chemical tagging
We study with unprecedented detail the chemical composition and stellar parameters of the solar twin 18 Sco in a strictly differential sense relative to the Sun. Our study is mainly based on high-resolution (R ⌠110,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (80
Morphological and Transcriptional Changes in Human Bone Marrow During Natural Plasmodium vivax Malaria Infections.
--- - Label: BACKGROUND NlmCategory: BACKGROUND content: The presence of Plasmodium vivax malaria parasites in the human bone marrow (BM) is still controversial. However, recent data from a clinical case and experimental infections in splenectomized
nonhuman primates unequivocally demonstrated the presence of
parasites in this tissue. - Label: METHODS NlmCategory: METHODS
content: In the current study, we analyzed BM aspirates of 7
patients during the acute attack and 42 days after drug
treatment. RNA extracted from CD71+ cell suspensions was used
for sequencing and transcriptomic analysis. - Label: RESULTS
NlmCategory: RESULTS content: We demonstrated the presence of
parasites in all patients during acute infections. To provide
further insights, we purified CD71+ BM cells and demonstrated
dyserythropoiesis and inefficient erythropoiesis in all
patients. In addition, RNA sequencing from 3 patients showed
that genes related to erythroid maturation were down-regulated
during acute infections, whereas immune response genes were
up-regulated. - Label: CONCLUSIONS NlmCategory: CONCLUSIONS
content: This study thus shows that during P. vivax infections,
parasites are always present in the BM and that such infections
induced dyserythropoiesis and ineffective erythropoiesis.
Moreover, infections induce transcriptional changes associated
with such altered erythropoietic response, thus highlighting the
importance of this hidden niche during natural infections
The BINGO Project VI: HI Halo Occupation Distribution and Mock Building
BINGO (Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas
Observations.) is a radio telescope designed to survey from 980 MHz to 1260
MHz, observe the neutral Hydrogen (HI) 21-cm line and detect BAO (Baryon
Acoustic Oscillation) signal with Intensity Mapping technique. Here we present
our method to generate mock maps of the 21-cm Intensity Mapping signal covering
the BINGO frequency range and related test results. (Abridged)Comment: 16 pages, 20 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in A&
The BINGO Project IV: Simulations for mission performance assessment and preliminary component separation steps
The large-scale distribution of neutral hydrogen (HI) in the Universe is
luminous through its 21 cm emission. The goal of the Baryon Acoustic
Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations -- BINGO -- radio
telescope is to detect baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) at radio frequencies
through 21 cm intensity mapping (IM). The telescope will span the redshift
range 0.127 0.449 with an instantaneous field-of-view of . In this work we investigate different constructive and
operational scenarios of the instrument by generating sky maps as they would be
produced by the instrument. In doing this we use a set of end-to-end IM mission
simulations. The maps will additionally be used to evaluate the efficiency of a
component separation method (GNILC). We have simulated the kind of data that
would be produced in a single-dish IM experiment such as BINGO. According to
the results obtained, we have optimized the focal plane design of the
telescope. In addition, the application of the GNILC method on simulated data
shows that it is feasible to extract the cosmological signal across a wide
range of multipoles and redshifts. The results are comparable with the standard
principal component analysis method.Comment: 16 pages. Version to appear in A&
Avaliação quĂmica e da atividade antidiarrĂ©ica das folhas de Byrsonima cinera DC. (Malpighiaceae)
Folhas e cascas de algumas especies do gĂȘnero Byrsonima (Malpighiaceae) sĂŁo empregadas popularmente contra diarrĂ©ia. Contudo, nĂŁo existem dados na literatura Ă respeito de investigacĂ”es quĂmicas ou farmacolĂłgicas dos extratos de B. cinera. Neste estudo, nĂłs avaliamos a atividade antidiarreica dos extratos metanĂłlico e hidrometanĂłlico das folhas de B. cinera em ratos Swiss. Os resultados mostraram que ambos os extratos reduziram signitivamente a motilidade intestinal. InvestigacĂŁo fitoquĂmica do extrato metanĂłlico levou ao isolamento e identificacĂŁo da (+)-catequina e da quercetina-3-O-a-L-arabinopiranosĂdeo. A atividade observada pode estar correlacaionada com a presença dessas substĂąncias nos extratos.Leaves and bark of some Byrsonima species (Malpighiaceae) are popularly employed against diarrhoeal diseases. However, no data were reported in the literature about the chemisty and pharmacology of extracts from B. cinera leaves. In the present study we evaluated the anti-diarrhoeal activity of methanolic and hydromethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves of B. cinera in Swiss mice. Results showed that both extracts reduced significantly the gastrintestinal motility. Phytochemical evaluation of the methanolic extract led to the isolation and identification of (+)-catechin and quercetin-3-O-a-L-arabinopyranoside. The observed activity may be correlated to the presence of these compounds in the extract
- âŠ