O mundo onírico e o fetiche do consumo: dimensões simbólicas e dispositivos culturais do capitalismo

This article addresses the material and cultural dynamics of capitalism in the constitution of the symbolic dimension of current consumption. By exploring the concept of fetish and the Diderot Effect, we outline how advertising operates in the process of producing cultural consumer orientations through the differentiation and designation of cultural and identity meanings.Este artículo aborda la dinámica material y cultural del capitalismo en la constitución de la dimensión simbólica del consumo actual. Al explorar el concepto de fetiche y el Efecto Diderot, delineamos cómo opera la publicidad en el proceso de producir orientaciones culturales de consumo a través de la diferenciación y designación de significados culturales e identitarios.  Este artigo aborda as dinâmicas materiais e culturais do capitalismo na constituição da dimensão simbólica do consumo atual. Ao explorar o conceito de fetiche e o Efeito Diderot delineamos como a publicidade atua no processo de produção de orientações culturais de consumo por meio da diferenciação e designação de significados culturais e identitários

“La certificazione UNI EN ISO 14001 di un’impresa operante nel settore elettrico e elettronico: La Ghibli s.r.l.”

I sistemi di gestione ambientale (SGA) rappresentano uno strumento per favorire l’impegno consapevole e continuo delle aziende al rispetto delle normative e lo sviluppo di sistemi di autocontrollo nell’ottica della prevenzione dell’inquinamento e del miglioramento continui. Si tratta di vere e proprie tecniche di gestione che, sulla scia di quanto nato per la certificazione di qualità, tendono a portare all’interno dell’azienda la tematica ambientale, intesa come parte integrante della produzione, favorendo atteggiamenti “proattivi” basati sulla prevenzione e anticipazione dei problemi e sulla partecipazione di tutti i soggetti, che con diversi ruoli intervengono nei processi produttivi. A questo riguardo sono attive da qualche anno una serie di norme sia comunitarie che internazionali inerenti l’implementazione, a carattere esclusivamente volontario, di Sistemi di Gestione Ambientale in concomitanza con il Sistema di Gestione aziendale complessivo esistente. Tra questi ricordiamo la norma internazione UNI EN ISO 14001:2004 ed il regolamento comunitario europeo EMAS di eco-gestione e audit

Viva Mulher: Constructing a cervical cancer control program in Brazil

Through a number of isolated initiatives that began in the 1960s, Brazil accumulated knowledge and experience that in the late 1990s culminated in the implementation of the first nationwide public health action meant to coordinate health bodies and personnel from the federal, state, and municipal administrative levels to address a chronic degenerative disease. The main goal of this article is to analyze the process of construction of this public policy for cancer control in Brazil —more specifically, organized screening for the control of cervical cancer in the form of the Viva Mulher program. Our analytical approach relies on elements from the history of public policy and from the history of institutions, combining the use of documental sources, scientific literature, and interviews with managers involved in the process under study. Our analysis endeavors to show how and to what extent this national process incorporated the experiences of local projects and responded both to pressure from the social movement and to the country’s political environment. It further shows how the new context, shaped by changes in the organization of the Brazilian health system, influenced this process

Viva Mulher : constructing a cervical cancer control program in Brazil

Through a number of isolated initiatives that began in the 1960s, Brazil accumulated knowledge and experience that in the late 1990s culminated in the implementation of the first nationwide public health action meant to coordinate health bodies and personnel from the federal, state, and municipal administrative levels to address a chronic degenerative disease. The main goal of this article is to analyze the process of construction of this public policy for cancer control in Brazil -more specifically, organized screening for the control of cervical cancer in the form of the Viva Mulher program. Our analytical approach relies on elements from the history of public policy and from the history of institutions, combining the use of documental sources, scientific literature, and interviews with managers involved in the process under study. Our analysis endeavors to show how and to what extent this national process incorporated the experiences of local projects and responded both to pressure from the social movement and to the country's political environment. It further shows how the new context, shaped by changes in the organization of the Brazilian health system, influenced this process

Consumo, espectáculo y ciudadanía en la comunicación brasileña

La existencia de un consumo anterior a todo, hasta mismo al poder y al consumo, demuestra que la técnica envuelta en el proceso de manipulación ideológica construye los consumidores y no solamente sus objetos. En este nuevo panorama, las técnicas de información también juegan un papel crucial, puesto que definen las relaciones ideológicas. Basado en la realidad brasileña, el presente artículo discute sobre las carencias cognitivas y afectivas de los consumidores y su exploración por la red mediática, a través una asociación constante entre consumo, cultura, mercado, medios de comunicación e identidad. Para ello, discute sobre Industria Cultural, Espectacularización e Ideología, y reflexiona acerca de la importancia de si utilizar los medios como forma de hacer circular una comunicación que favorezca la construcción de la ciudadanía.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Socia

Carbon Fluxes in Sustainable Tree Crops: Field, Ecosystem and Global Dimension

Carbon (C) budget at cropping systems has not only agronomic but also environmental relevance because of their contribution to both emissions and removals of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Ideally, sustainable orchards are expected to remove atmospheric CO2 at a rate greater than that of the emissions because of (i) optimized biology of the system and (ii) reduced on-site/offsite inputs sourced by the technosphere. However, such a computation might produce inconsistent results and in turn biased communication on sustainability of the cropping systems because C accounting framework(s) are used under unclear context. This study examined the sustainability of orchards in terms of impact on GHGs focusing its significance at the field, ecosystem and global dimension analyzing some operational aspects and limitations of existing frameworks (e.g., net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), life cycle assessment (LCA)). Global relevance of sustainable orchard was also discussed considering the C sequestration at cropland as instructed by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The uniqueness of olive tree lifespan duration and C sequestration is discussed within the Product Environmental Footprint of agrifood product. The paper also highlighted overlapping components among the NECB, LCA and IPCC frameworks and the need for an integrated C accounting scheme for a more comprehensive and detailed mapping of sustainability in agriculture

The effects of calcite silicon-mediated particle film application on leaf temperature and grape composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) vines under different irrigation conditions

This study examined whether the application of calcite-silicon mediated particle film (CaPF) at veraison can mitigate a drought-induced increase in leaf temperature on grapevine, thus contributing to improved leaf functionality, yield and grape composition traits. A total of 48 five-year-old Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) vines grafted onto SO4 were grown (in 20 L PVC pots) under Mediterranean conditions (Southern Italy). The vines were pruned to two spurs with two winter buds irrigated daily to 100 % field capacity, and fertilised weekly. At veraison and using a 2×2 factorial experimental design, the two main factors, thermoregulation and water, were imposed at two levels: spraying with a thermoregulation compound (CaPF) and no spraying (NS); irrigation (WW) and drought stress (D)). A group of 24 vines was subjected to a 15-day drought period by receiving, every day, 25 % (D) of the daily water consumption of WW vines. The other 24 vines continued to be fully irrigated on a daily basis (WW). Twelve vines per group were sprayed (WW+CaPF, D+CaPF) with calcite-silicon mediate (3 % V/V) at the beginning of drought imposition, the remaining 24 vines were not sprayed (WW-NS, D-NS). Soil water moisture and stem water potential values were monitored from 11.30 to 13:30 nearly every week, and other vegetative and reproductive parameters were also measured. During the experiment, air temperature peaked at ≈35 °C at midday, VPD at about 3.7 kPa and PAR reached ≈2000 µmol m-2 s–1. Results show that in CaPF sprayed vines, leaf-air temperature differences were lower than in unsprayed vines in both irrigated and drought stressed groups. WW+CaPF vines retained significantly more leaf area and showed the highest value of accumulated vine transpiration. Calcite-silicon mediated particle film could enhance the resilience of grapevine to adverse environmental conditions and may contribute to preserve terroir elements in highly reputed wine grape growing areas. The study showed that foliar application of calcite silicon-mediated processed particles films can be used in arid regions to mitigate leaf temperatures in grapevines

De plantas y hombres: cómo los genetistas se vincularon a la eugenesia en Brasil (un estudio de caso, 1929-1938)

The aim of this article is to analyse the trajectory of Octávio Domingues (1897-1972) and Salvador de Toledo Piza Jr. (1898-1988), two geneticists in the Agricultural School of São Paulo State, who engaged with the main propagandist for the eugenics in Brazil, Renato Kehl (1889-1974). This approach is embodied in its association surrounding the publication of the Boletim de Eugenia, an important vehicle for the dissemination of the eugenics movement between the years 1929 and 1933. From the analysis of this journal, it was possible to detect that even sharing both Mendelian theory of heredity, Toledo Piza Jr. considered miscegenation of the Brazilian population as something against nature, while Octávio Domingues judged it healthy.En el presente artículo pretendemos reflexionar sobre la trayectoria de Octávio Domingues (1897-1972) y Salvador Toledo Piza Jr. (1898-1988), dos genetistas de una escuela agrícola del Estado de São Paulo que se vincularon al principal propagador de la eugenesia en Brasil, Renato Kehl (1889-1974). Ese acercamiento se concretó en su asociación alrededor de la publicación del Boletim de Eugenia, importante vehículo de divulgación del movimiento eugenésico entre los años 1929 y 1933. A partir del análisis de esa publicación periódica, ha sido posible detectar que, aunque los dos partían de la teoría mendeliana de la herencia, Toledo Piza Jr. consideraba el mestizaje de la población brasileña como algo que iba en contra de la naturaleza, mientras que Octávio Domingues la juzgaba saludable