Connecting Communities: Third Generation Community Network Projects

This article discuss the evolution of the community network movement and provides practical advice about how Extension educators can work with local leaders and community residents to initiate projects that increase diffusion and adoption of information technologies in their communities. Experience in Pennsylvania shows that the community development processes used to develop third generation community network projects increases the diffusion and adoption of information technologies and builds human and organizational capacity useful for addressing a wide variety of community issues. Readers are introduced to Connecting Rural Communities, a guide to enhancing adoption of technology tools and infrastructure in rural communities

Empowering Rural Sociology: Exploring and Linking Alternative Paradigms in Theory and Methodology

An article written in part by Suzanne E. Tallichet and published in the 1995 issue of Rural Sociology, pages 585-606

HLA-DQA1*05 carriage associated with development of anti-drug antibodies to infliximab and adalimumab in patients with Crohn's Disease

Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapies are the most widely used biologic drugs for treating immune-mediated diseases, but repeated administration can induce the formation of anti-drug antibodies. The ability to identify patients at increased risk for development of anti-drug antibodies would facilitate selection of therapy and use of preventative strategies.This article is freely available via Open Access. Click on Publisher URL to access the full-text

Community engagement theory for a new natural resource management paradigm

In their now classic article, 'Dilemmas in a general theory of planning', Rittel and Webber (1973) draw an important distinction between what they call 'tame' problems and 'wicked' problems. While not necessarily simple, tame problems generally have a relatively straightforward solution that is amenable to expert, technical knowledge. For instance, landing a man on the moon was an extremely complex undertaking, but it was possible to clearly articulate the objective and achieve it through the application of extant scientific knowledge. In problems like this, there are clear cause and effect mechanisms that enhance the likelihood that they can be solved (Batie 2008). Wicked problems, by contrast, are intractable, poorly structured and have only temporary or uncertain solutions (Rittel and Webber 1973). For wicked problems, there are no unambiguous criteria by which to judge their resolution. In fact, it is often difficult to define these problems in the first place because they usually involve intertwined normative criteria and empirical conditions or situations

General circulation model simulations of the Mars Pathfinder atmospheric structure investigation/meteorology data

The NASA Ames Mars General Circulation Model is used to interpret selected results from the Mars Pathfinder atmospheric structure instrument/meteorology (ASI/MET) experiment. The present version of the model has an improved soil thermal model, a new boundary layer scheme, and a correction for non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects at solar wavelengths. We find good agreement with the ASI/MET entry data if the dust observed at the Pathfinder site is assumed to be distributed throughout the lowest five to six scale heights. This implies that the dust is globally distributed as well. In the lower atmosphere the inversion between 10 to 16 km in Pathfinder’s entry profile is likely due to thermal emission from a water ice cloud in that region. In the upper atmosphere (above 50 km), dynamical processes, tides in particular, appear to have a cooling effect and may play an important role in driving temperatures toward the CO2 condensation temperature near 80 km. However, modeled tidal surface pressure amplitudes are about a factor of 2 smaller than observed. This may indicate that the model is not properly simulating interference effect between eastward and westward modes

Searching for Sanctuary: Government Power and the Location of Maritime Piracy

Recent systematic work on the incidence of maritime piracy shows the importance of various political, economic, and geographic correlates at the country level. Yet these correlates tell us little about the determinants of piracy location off states’ coasts, despite the fact that piracy is well known to cluster locally. Conceptualizing pirates as strategic actors who consider the risk of detection and capture, this article argues that states’ ability to project power over distance affects pirates’ decisions on where to organize and operate. As state capacity increases, piracy will locate farther away from government power centers, whereas piracy can flourish closer to state capitals in weak states that struggle to extend control over space. Using geocoded data from the International Maritime Bureau for the 1996-2013 period, results show that increases in state capacity are associated with greater median capital--piracy distances. These findings are robust to several changes in model specification. Our results have important implications for the study of piracy and crime

General circulation model simulations of the Mars Pathfinder atmospheric structure investigation/meteorology data

The NASA Ames Mars General Circulation Model is used to interpret selected results from the Mars Pathfinder atmospheric structure instrument/meteorology (ASI/MET) experiment. The present version of the model has an improved soil thermal model, a new boundary layer scheme, and a correction for non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects at solar wavelengths. We find good agreement with the ASI/MET entry data if the dust observed at the Pathfinder site is assumed to be distributed throughout the lowest five to six scale heights. This implies that the dust is globally distributed as well. In the lower atmosphere the inversion between 10 to 16 km in Pathfinder’s entry profile is likely due to thermal emission from a water ice cloud in that region. In the upper atmosphere (above 50 km), dynamical processes, tides in particular, appear to have a cooling effect and may play an important role in driving temperatures toward the CO2 condensation temperature near 80 km. However, modeled tidal surface pressure amplitudes are about a factor of 2 smaller than observed. This may indicate that the model is not properly simulating interference effect between eastward and westward modes