Experiencias de práctica docente en el área de ciencias sociales: del currículum a la transferencia de conocimiento

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre una situación detectada en la práctica docente en la carrera de Arquitectura y Urbanismo en el área de Historia de la Arquitectura de la FADU UNL: la preocupación central es cómo se transmite el conocimiento, dado un supuesto de transferencia a partir del currículum y de articulación entre niveles, ciclos y áreas prevista por el Plan de Estudios 2001. Este interés surge a partir de la detección en la práctica docente de un relativo olvido de los conceptos presentados en un año o área para que estén disponibles en otro nivel o en otra área de conocimiento. Se toman las experiencias de las asignaturas “Teorías y Producción Arquitectónica en el siglo XX”, dictada en primer año, “Historia 2”, dictada en tercer año, y “Teoría y Crítica”, de dictado anual en quinto año. Este análisis trasversal cobra relevancia en el marco del Plan de Estudios 2001, donde las asignaturas se organizan en tres áreas (Diseño, Tecnología y Ciencias Sociales) cuyos contenidos se van complejizando en espiral, es decir que los temas y problemas se introducen en el Ciclo Básico, se amplían en el Ciclo Medio, y avanzan en profundidad y aproximación a la práctica profesional en el Ciclo Superior.This paper reflects on a situation detected in the teaching practice at the career in Architecture and Urbanism, at the area of History of Architecture, in Facultad de Arquitectura Diseño y Urbanismo of the Universidad Nacional del Litoral. The main concern is how knowledge is transmitted taking into account the transfer raised by the Plan de Estudios 2001. This interest arises from the detection in the teaching practice of a relative neglect of the concepts presented in a year or area to be available on another level or in another area of knowledge. The experiences of the subjects "Teorías y producción arquitectónica en el siglo XX”, on the first year, "Historia 2", on the third year, and "Teoría and Crítica", annual dictated on the fifth year, are taken. This analysis is particularly relevant in the context of the Plan de Estudios 2001, where subjects are organized into three different areas: Design, Technology, and Social Sciences. These areas are organized in spiral traverse cycles: this implies that the contents are introduced into the basic cycle, expanding on the intermediate cycle, and advance in complexity and approach to professional practice in the Advance Cycle.Eje temático: La enseñanza de la historia y la teoría: cuestiones curriculares.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Experiencias de práctica docente en el área de ciencias sociales: del currículum a la transferencia de conocimiento

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre una situación detectada en la práctica docente en la carrera de Arquitectura y Urbanismo en el área de Historia de la Arquitectura de la FADU UNL: la preocupación central es cómo se transmite el conocimiento, dado un supuesto de transferencia a partir del currículum y de articulación entre niveles, ciclos y áreas prevista por el Plan de Estudios 2001. Este interés surge a partir de la detección en la práctica docente de un relativo olvido de los conceptos presentados en un año o área para que estén disponibles en otro nivel o en otra área de conocimiento. Se toman las experiencias de las asignaturas “Teorías y Producción Arquitectónica en el siglo XX”, dictada en primer año, “Historia 2”, dictada en tercer año, y “Teoría y Crítica”, de dictado anual en quinto año. Este análisis trasversal cobra relevancia en el marco del Plan de Estudios 2001, donde las asignaturas se organizan en tres áreas (Diseño, Tecnología y Ciencias Sociales) cuyos contenidos se van complejizando en espiral, es decir que los temas y problemas se introducen en el Ciclo Básico, se amplían en el Ciclo Medio, y avanzan en profundidad y aproximación a la práctica profesional en el Ciclo Superior.This paper reflects on a situation detected in the teaching practice at the career in Architecture and Urbanism, at the area of History of Architecture, in Facultad de Arquitectura Diseño y Urbanismo of the Universidad Nacional del Litoral. The main concern is how knowledge is transmitted taking into account the transfer raised by the Plan de Estudios 2001. This interest arises from the detection in the teaching practice of a relative neglect of the concepts presented in a year or area to be available on another level or in another area of knowledge. The experiences of the subjects "Teorías y producción arquitectónica en el siglo XX”, on the first year, "Historia 2", on the third year, and "Teoría and Crítica", annual dictated on the fifth year, are taken. This analysis is particularly relevant in the context of the Plan de Estudios 2001, where subjects are organized into three different areas: Design, Technology, and Social Sciences. These areas are organized in spiral traverse cycles: this implies that the contents are introduced into the basic cycle, expanding on the intermediate cycle, and advance in complexity and approach to professional practice in the Advance Cycle.Eje temático: La enseñanza de la historia y la teoría: cuestiones curriculares.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Experiencias de práctica docente en el área de ciencias sociales: del currículum a la transferencia de conocimiento

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre una situación detectada en la práctica docente en la carrera de Arquitectura y Urbanismo en el área de Historia de la Arquitectura de la FADU UNL: la preocupación central es cómo se transmite el conocimiento, dado un supuesto de transferencia a partir del currículum y de articulación entre niveles, ciclos y áreas prevista por el Plan de Estudios 2001. Este interés surge a partir de la detección en la práctica docente de un relativo olvido de los conceptos presentados en un año o área para que estén disponibles en otro nivel o en otra área de conocimiento. Se toman las experiencias de las asignaturas “Teorías y Producción Arquitectónica en el siglo XX”, dictada en primer año, “Historia 2”, dictada en tercer año, y “Teoría y Crítica”, de dictado anual en quinto año. Este análisis trasversal cobra relevancia en el marco del Plan de Estudios 2001, donde las asignaturas se organizan en tres áreas (Diseño, Tecnología y Ciencias Sociales) cuyos contenidos se van complejizando en espiral, es decir que los temas y problemas se introducen en el Ciclo Básico, se amplían en el Ciclo Medio, y avanzan en profundidad y aproximación a la práctica profesional en el Ciclo Superior.This paper reflects on a situation detected in the teaching practice at the career in Architecture and Urbanism, at the area of History of Architecture, in Facultad de Arquitectura Diseño y Urbanismo of the Universidad Nacional del Litoral. The main concern is how knowledge is transmitted taking into account the transfer raised by the Plan de Estudios 2001. This interest arises from the detection in the teaching practice of a relative neglect of the concepts presented in a year or area to be available on another level or in another area of knowledge. The experiences of the subjects "Teorías y producción arquitectónica en el siglo XX”, on the first year, "Historia 2", on the third year, and "Teoría and Crítica", annual dictated on the fifth year, are taken. This analysis is particularly relevant in the context of the Plan de Estudios 2001, where subjects are organized into three different areas: Design, Technology, and Social Sciences. These areas are organized in spiral traverse cycles: this implies that the contents are introduced into the basic cycle, expanding on the intermediate cycle, and advance in complexity and approach to professional practice in the Advance Cycle.Eje temático: La enseñanza de la historia y la teoría: cuestiones curriculares.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Understanding the Private Worlds of Physicians, Nurses, and Parents: A Study of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions in Italian Paediatric Critical Care

This study's aim was to describe: (a) How life-sustaining treatment (LST) decisions are made for critically ill children in Italy; and (b) How these decisional processes are experienced by physicians, nurses and parents. Focus groups with 16 physicians and 26 nurses, and individual interviews with 9 parents were conducted. Findings uncovered the 'private worlds' of paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) physicians, nurses and parents; they all suffer tremendously and privately. Physicians struggle with the weight of responsibility and solitude in making LST decisions. Nurses struggle with feelings of exclusion from decisions regarding patients and families that they care for. Physicians and nurses are distressed by legal barriers to LST withdrawal. Parents struggle with their dependence on physicians and nurses to provide care for their child and strive to understand what is happening to their child. Features of helpful and unhelpful communication with parents are highlighted, which should be considered in educational and practice changes

Review of chemical constituents and biological properties in species of the genus Eugenia (Myrtaceae)

La familia Myrtaceae que comprende 175 géneros y 5970 spp., es una de las familias más importantes con amplia distribución en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales del mundo. En la medicina folklórica, la infusión y decocción de las hojas de diversas especies de Eugenia han sido empleadas en diferentes patologías siendo las más usuales en enfermedades digestivas, infecciones urinarias, respiratorias y antiinflamatorias. En los extractos apolares los compuestos químicos que han predominado han sido monoterpenos y sesquiterpenos y en los extractos polares se han destacado los flavonoides. En el presente estudio, fue llevado a cabo una revisión de los estudios farmacológicos y químicos del género Eugenia, en el período comprendido entre 1988 a 2020, destacándose una amplia gama de compuestos químicos y propiedades biológicas.The Myrtaceae family which includes 175 genera and 5970 spp., is one of the most important families with wide distribution in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In folk medicine, the infusion and decoction of the leaves of various species of Eugenia have been used in different diseases being the most common in digestive diseases, anti-inflammatory, respiratory and urinary tract infections. In non-polar extracts chemical compounds that have prevailed were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes and in the polar extracts, flavonoids have been highlighted. In the present study, carried out a review of the chemical and pharmacological studies of the genus Eugenia, in the period from 1988 to 2020, highlighting a wide range of chemical compounds and biological properties.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An overview

By the end of May 2020, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused more than 350,000 deaths worldwide. In the first months, there have been uncertainties on almost any area: infection transmission route, virus origin and persistence in the environment, diagnostic tests, therapeutic approach, high-risk subjects, lethality, and containment policies. We provide an updated summary of the current knowledge on the pandemic, discussing the available evidence on the effectiveness of the adopted mitigation strategies

Treatment with ACE inhibitors or ARBs and risk of severe/lethal COVID-19: a meta-analysis

Objective: It has been hypothesised that the use of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) might either increase or reduce the risk of severe or lethal COVID-19. The findings from the available observational studies varied, and summary estimates are urgently needed to elucidate whether these drugs should be suspended during the pandemic, or patients and physicians should be definitely reassured. This meta-analysis of adjusted observational data aimed to summarise the existing evidence on the association between these medications and severe/lethal COVID-19. Methods: We searched MedLine, Scopus and preprint repositories up to 8 June 2020 to retrieve cohort or case-control studies comparing the risk of severe/fatal COVID-19 (either mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission or death), among hypertensive subjects treated with: (1) ACE inhibitors, (2) ARBs and (3) both, versus untreated subjects. Data were combined using a random-effect generic inverse variance approach. Results: Ten studies, enrolling 9890 hypertensive subjects were included in the analyses. Compared with untreated subjects, those using either ACE inhibitors or ARBs showed a similar risk of severe or lethal COVID-19 (summary OR: 0.90; 95% CI 0.65 to 1.26 for ACE inhibitors; 0.92; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.12 for ARBs). The results did not change when both drugs were considered together, when death was the outcome and excluding the studies with significant, divergent results. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis strongly supports the recommendation of several scientific societies to continue ARBs or ACE inhibitors for all patients, unless otherwise advised by their physicians who should thus be reassured

An alternative model for the early peopling of Southern South America revealed by analyses of three mitochondrial DNA haplogroups

After several years of research, there is now a consensus that America was populated from Asia through Beringia, probably at the end of the Pleistocene. But many details such as the timing, route(s), and origin of the first settlers remain uncertain. In the last decade genetic evidence has taken on a major role in elucidating the peopling of the Americas. To study the early peopling of South America, we sequenced the control region of mitochondrial DNA from 300 individuals belonging to indigenous populations of Chile and Argentina, and also obtained seven complete mitochondrial DNA sequences. We identified two novel mtDNA monophyletic clades, preliminarily designated B2l and C1b13, which together with the recently described D1g sub-haplogroup have locally high frequencies and are basically restricted to populations from the extreme south of South America. The estimated ages of D1g and B2l, about ∼ 15,000 years BP, together with their similar population dynamics and the high haplotype diversity shown by the networks, suggests that they probably appeared soon after the arrival of the first settlers and agrees with the dating of the earliest archaeological sites in South America (Monte Verde, Chile, 14,500 BP). One further sub-haplogroup, D4h3a5, appears to be restricted to Fuegian-Patagonian populations and reinforces our hypothesis of the continuity of the current Patagonian populations with the initial founders. Our results indicate that the extant native populations inhabiting South Chile and Argentina are a group which had a common origin, and suggest a population break between the extreme south of South America and the more northern part of the continent. Thus the early colonization process was not just an expansion from north to south, but also included movements across the Andes.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celula

Adalimumab and ABP 501 in the Treatment of a Large Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Arthritis: A Real Life Retrospective Analysis

The recent introduction of ABP 501, an adalimumab biosimilar, in the treatment of rheumatic diseases was supported by a comprehensive comparability exercise with its originator. On the other hand, observational studies comparing adalimumab and ABP 501 in inflammatory arthritis are still lacking. The main aim of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of the treatment with adalimumab, both the originator and ABP 501, in a large cohort of patients affected by autoimmune arthritis in a real life setting. We retrospectively analysed the baseline characteristics and the retention rate in a cohort of patients who received at least a course of adalimumab (originator or ABP 501) from January 2003 to December 2020. We stratified the study population according to adalimumab use: naive to original (oADA), naive to ABP 501 (bADA) and switched from original to ABP 501 (sADA). The oADA, bADA and sADA groups included, respectively, 724, 129 and 193 patients. In each group, the majority of patients had a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. The total observation period was 9805.6 patient-months. The 18-month retentions rate in oADA, bADA and sADA was, respectively, 81.5%, 84.0% and 88.0% (p > 0.05). The factors influencing the adalimumab retention rate were an axial spondylarthritis diagnosis (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.70; p = 0.04), switch from oADA to ABP 501 (HR 0.53; p = 0.02) and year of prescription (HR 1.04; p = 0.04). In this retrospective study, patients naive to the adalimumab originator and its biosimilar ABP 501 showed the same retention rate. Patients switching from the originator to biosimilar had a higher retention rate, even though not statistically significant, when compared to naive

Contrasting patterns of nuclear and mtDNA diversity in Native American populations.

International audienceWe report an integrated analysis of nuclear (autosomal, X- and Y-chromosome) short tandem repeat (STR) data and mtDNA D-loop sequences obtained in the same set of 22 Native populations from across the Americas. A north to south gradient of decreasing population diversity was observed, in agreement with a settlement of the Americas from the extreme northwest of the continent. This correlation is stronger with "least cost distances," which consider the coasts as facilitators of migration. Continent-wide estimates of population structure are highest for the Y-chromosome and lowest for the autosomes, consistent with the effective size of the different marker systems examined. Population differentiation is highest in East South America and lowest in Meso America and the Andean region. Regional analyses suggest a deviation from mutation-drift equilibrium consistent with population expansion in Meso America and the Andes and population contraction in Northwest and East South America. These data hint at an early divergence of Andean and non-Andean South Americans and at a contrasting demographic history for populations from these regions