Pruning artificial neural networks: a way to find well-generalizing, high-entropy sharp minima

Recently, a race towards the simplification of deep networks has begun, showing that it is effectively possible to reduce the size of these models with minimal or no performance loss. However, there is a general lack in understanding why these pruning strategies are effective. In this work, we are going to compare and analyze pruned solutions with two different pruning approaches, one-shot and gradual, showing the higher effectiveness of the latter. In particular, we find that gradual pruning allows access to narrow, well-generalizing minima, which are typically ignored when using one-shot approaches. In this work we also propose PSP-entropy, a measure to understand how a given neuron correlates to some specific learned classes. Interestingly, we observe that the features extracted by iteratively-pruned models are less correlated to specific classes, potentially making these models a better fit in transfer learning approaches

Evaporation of black holes in string theory

openThis thesis's project studies how black hole evaporation is captured in string theory by so called Quantum Extremal Islands, extremal surfaces that allows to compute the entanglement entropy of Hawking radiation. This project focus on specific 10d type IIB string theory uplifts of the largely studied 5d Karch-Randall models, doubly-holographic models which allows to study the evaporation of an AdS black hole by coupling it to an external bath via transparent boundary conditions. The main results of recent works on these uplifts will be reproduced and the corresponding Hartman-Maldacena surfaces will be constructed and studied in one of these uplifts, as well as their implications for the Page curve in presence of a non-vanishing dilaton variation

Industry 4.0: from theory to practice. An empirical analysis of the factory of the future

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Characterization of a Highly Dynamic Region in Trag from the F Plasmid

The Escherichia coli F plasmid is representative of conjugative type IV secretion system for the transmission of mobile DNA elements in bacteria, a contributor to widespread antibiotic resistance. The TraG protein of this system consists of a membrane-bound N-terminal domain and a periplasmic C-terminal domain, denoted TraG*. TraG* is essential in preventing redundant DNA transfer. In the donor cell it interacts with TraN within the outer membrane to facilitate mating pair stabilisation. However, TraG* also interacts with a cognate TraS in the inner membrane of the recipient cell to prevent conjugation when the recipient cell carries the same plasmid. This thesis presents structural studies of TraG*; Thermofluor, circular dichroism and HDX-MS experiments showed N-terminal truncation mutants displayed higher stability and less disordered content relative to full-length TraG*. The 45 N-terminal residues of TraG* were predicted to be highly dynamic, possibly serving as a flexible linker between two independently functioning domains

Domestic institutional quality and the effectiveness of global Greenhouse gases mitigation: evidence from Kyoto Protocol

Este estudo analisou a eficácia do Protocolo de Kyoto (KP) e sua relação com as instituições internas, considerando-o como uma instituição internacional utilizando uma estimação de diferenças-em-diferenças. Os resultados indicaram, no geral, baixa eficácia, mas não completa ineficácia. Concernente ao KP, não somente as regras formais definidas, mastambém a demonstração de intenção em cooperar influenciaram a redução de emissões. As instituições domésticas foram mais influentes do que os efeitos do KP como instituição internacional. No entanto, os efeitos de redução de emissões decorrentes das instituições políticas, de direitos legais e das econômicas foram distintos.Este estudio analizó la efectividad del Protocolo de Kioto (KP) y su relación con las instituciones internas, considerándolo como una institución internacional utilizando un estimador de diferencias-en-diferencias. Los resultados indicaron, en general, baja eficacia, pero no completa ineficacia. Con respecto al KP, no solo las reglas formales establecidas, sino también la demostración de la intención de cooperar influenció la reducción de emisiones. Las instituciones domésticas fueron más influyentes que los efectos del KP como institución internacional. Sin embargo, los efectos de la reducción de emisiones delas instituciones políticas, de derechos legales y de las económicas fueron distintos.This study addressed the effectiveness of Kyoto Protocol (KP) as an international institution and the interplay of domestic institutions and KP by employing a difference-in-difference estimation. The results indicated low effectiveness, in general, but not ineffectiveness. Regarding the KP, not only its formal and defined rules but also the demonstration of the intention to cooperate was bound to influence emissions’ reduction. Domestic institutions were more influential than the effects of KP international institution. However, political, legal rights, and economic institutional qualities presented distinct effects over emissions’ mitigation

Genetic hearing loss: a study of 228 Brazilian patients

We studied 228 patients, with suspected or confirmed genetic hearing loss, in order to determine the clinical and genetic diagnoses and etiology of each case. Deafness with no associated abnormalities was found in 146 patients (64%) belonging to 112 families. Syndromic deafness was diagnosed in 82 patients (36%) belonging to 76 families. The genetic etiology was as follows: autosomal recessive inheritance in 40.8% of syndromics and non-syndromics, autosomal dominant inheritance in 13.2% and X-linked recessive in 1.3%. In 44.7% of the cases, the etiology of the hearing loss could not be determined. Monogenic causes are the most possible etiology in the latter cases. Parental consanguinity was found in 22.4% of the cases, and deafness was bilateral, profound and neurosensorial in 47.4% of the patients. An early onset of hearing loss (< 2 years of age) occurred in 46.5% of the cases. These results are similar to previous literature reports.Estudamos 228 pacientes, pertencentes a 188 famílias, com deficiência auditiva genética, suspeita ou confirmada, já excluídas causas ambientais, no sentido de determinar o diagnóstico clínico e genético e a etiologia em cada caso, já que estudos deste tipo são escassos em pacientes brasileiros. A surdez sem anomalias associadas compreendeu 146 pacientes (64%) pertencentes a 112 famílias. Deficiência auditiva sindrômica foi diagnosticada em 82 pacientes (36%) pertencentes a 76 famílias. Em 44,7% deles, não foi possível determinar a etiologia da deficiência auditiva e a origem monogênica foi suposta baseada em dados de freqüência. Com relação ao padrão de herança, 40,8%, entre sindrômicos e não-sindrômicos, foram recessivos, 13,2% foram dominantes e 1,3%, ligados ao X. Algumas variáveis foram analisadas: consangüinidade parental foi encontrada em 22,4% dos casos, surdez neurosensorial profunda bilateral em 47,4%, e o início precoce da perda auditiva (até 2 anos) em 46,5%. O estudo clínico e a história familiar revelaram-se como os principais métodos para a definição diagnóstica. As causas genéticas de surdez em pacientes brasileiros são similares aos estudos referidos na literatura.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Morfologia Disciplina de GenéticaUNIFESP, Depto. de Morfologia Disciplina de GenéticaSciEL

O Neoliberalismo e a Escola Pública sob Alguns Olhares<br>The Neoliberalism and Public School under Some Looks

As políticas neoliberais ditadas pelos organismos internacionais de controle do capital como: FMI, OMC, BIRD, e que tem orientado a política dos governos nacionais nas três últimas décadas, tem sido a responsável por grandes mudanças na escola pública em nível de fomento e nos seus aspectos ideológicos, didáticos de gestão e outros, por essa razão vem sendo objeto de análise crítica por parte da intelectualidade oposicionista de tais políticas. Neste artigo pretendemos fazer um paralelo entre as idéias de três intelectuais sobre esta temática que são: Tomaz Tadeu da SILVA, Gaudêncio FRIGOTTO e Pablo GENTILI a partir de seus artigos. Palavras-chave: Neoliberalismo; Educação; Qualidade Total; Acumulação Capitalista. Abstract: Neoliberal politics dictated by international organism of control of capital as FMI, OMC, BIRD, and who have directed the politic of national government on three last decades, have been responsible of grand transformations in public school at level of fomentation and in their ideological aspects, didactic aspects of administration and others, by this reason have been object of critic analysis by part of the intellectuality opposites of there politics, in this article we intend make a parallel between ideas from three intellectuals on this thematic who are: Tomaz Tadeu da SILVA, Gaudêncio FRIGOTTO and Pablo GENTILI beginning from their articles. Key Words: Neoliberalism; Education; Total Quality; Capitalist Accumulation