¿Patrimonializar o despatrimonializar? El rol de la cultura urbana en la ciudad neoliberal. Buenos Aires (1990-2020)

Starting from a series of case-examples of the City of Buenos Aires over the last 30 years, we propose to demonstrate that, in a dominant way, the public recognition of the legitimacy and need for a “enhancement” or a “reactivation of heritage” does not depend so much on the value that can be given to a building, an area or an institution based on any of its intrinsic qualities, but rather on the effectiveness that this heritage-making process has in the construction of an image of a place or neighborhood as "attractive”, “authentic”, and on the intensification of the expansion of tourist or cultural consumption circuits and of real estate interests. This article aims to show that social recognition and duration in time of patrimonial value are based on the relationship between those authenticity and identity features given to urban goods and wider processes of requalification of the area in which they are located. As we will see, in some cases, heritage-making processes operate as the spearhead of such requalifications; in others, as their reinforcements. For this, some cases of “successful” places, areas and practices (that is, that were publicly recognized as “heritage” even regardless of their historical or cultural qualities and that managed to last in the time hand in hand with its economic revaluation or its symbolic impact on the surrounding area) are presented. As counterexamples, other cases are then analyzed that, despite having some characteristics that would make them susceptible to being publicly recognized as “heritage” (age, community value, among others), were made invisible, destroyed or transformed without appealing to its patrimonial condition, within the framework of other dynamics or temporalities of urban requalification.Partiendo de una serie de casos-ejemplo de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires de los últimos 30 años, nos proponemos mostrar que, de manera dominante, el reconocimiento público de la legitimidad y necesidad de una “puesta en valor” o de una “reactivación patrimonial” no depende tanto del valor que pueda otorgarse a un edificio, a una zona o a una institución, en función de alguna de sus cualidades intrínsecas, sino que radica en la eficacia que esa patrimonialización posea en la construcción de una imagen de lugar o de barrio “atractivo”, “auténtico”, y en la intensificación de la ampliación de circuitos de consumos turísticos, culturales e inmobiliarios. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar cómo este reconocimiento y esta duración de la atribución de valor patrimonial se sustentan en el hecho de que la puesta de relieve de esos rasgos de autenticidad e identidad logre entramarse con procesos más amplios de recualificación del área en que se emplazan. Como veremos, en algunos casos, los procesos de patrimonialización operan como punta de lanza de dichas recualificaciones; en otros, como refuerzos. Para ello se presentan algunos casos de lugares, áreas y prácticas que resultaron “exitosos” en los términos planteados, es decir, que fueron públicamente reconocidos como “patrimonio” aun independientemente de sus cualidades históricas o culturales y que lograron durar en el tiempo de la mano de su propia revalorización económica o de su impacto simbólico sobre el área circundante. A modo de contraejemplo, luego se presentan otros casos que, a pesar de poseer algunas características que los harían susceptibles de ser reconocidos públicamente como “patrimonio” (antigüedad, reconocimiento comunitario de su carácter significativo, entre otros), fueron invisibilizados, destruidos o transformados sin apelar a su condición patrimonial, en el marco de otras dinámicas o temporalidades de recualificación urbana

Effects of aqueous-supplementing artificial tears in wearers of biweekly replacement contact lenses vs wearers of daily disposable contact lenses

Purpose: To compare the effects of artificial tears (ATs) in wearers of biweekly replacement silicone hydrogel contact lenses (BW-Ws) and wearers of daily disposable contact lenses (DD-Ws) of the same material. Materials and Methods: The aqueous-supplementing ATs, OPTOyalA and OPTOidro, were assigned to be used for 2 weeks to healthy and young subjects: 1) 20 (8 and 12, respectively) BW-Ws wearing silicone hydrogel somofilcon A CLs (Clariti Elite), 2) 18 (9 and 9, respectively) DD-Ws wearing silicone hydrogel somofilcon A CLs (Clarity 1 Day), and 3) a control group of 33 (16 and 17, respectively) N-Ws. Ocular symptoms and comfort, tear volume and stability, and ocular surface condition were assessed by Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ5), tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT), and evaluation of ocular redness (OR). The assessment was performed before and after 15 days of use of the ATs in the 3 groups (BW-Ws, DD-Ws, and N-Ws). Results: No clear significant difference was noted in symptoms and signs between OPTOyalA and OPTOidro irrespectively of the group of people studied. ATs use for 15 days produced a significant improvement in DEQ5 and OR in DD-Ws (Δ=-34%, p=0.006; Δ=-23%, p<0.001) and in N-Ws (Δ=-21%, p=0.001; Δ=-10%, p=0.006) but not in BW-Ws (Δ=-5%, p=0.072; Δ=-2%, p=0.257). No significant change was noted for TMH. Conclusion: In young and healthy subjects, the aqueous-supplementing effect of the ATs under consideration is more a rinsing and tear replacem ent effect than an increase in tear volume, and it produces an improvement of the eye redness and ocular symptoms. Contact lens wear influenced the effectiveness of ATs in a way which is correlated with the CL replacement schedule

Optimization of low-carbon multi-energy systems with seasonal geothermal energy storage: The Anergy Grid of ETH Zurich

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Multifocal diffusion of a KPC-3 producing ST512 K. pneumoniae clone in Northern Italy

Sequence Type 258 (ST258) together with its allelic single- and double-locus variants have mostly been associated with the dissemination of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Europe. A total of 56 nonreplicate K. pneumoniae isolates with decreased carbapenem-susceptibility, collected at 7 different hospitals located in Northern Italy were investigated for the occurrence of blaKPC-type genes. PCR and sequencing results highlighted the presence of blaKPC-2 or blaKPC-3 determinants in 10/56 and 5/56 cases respectively. Here we describe the intra- and inter-hospital spread in Northern Italy of a K. pneumoniae ST512 clone harboring the blaKPC-3 gene

Aurora Kinase A expression is associated with lung cancer histological-subtypes and with tumor de-differentiation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Aurora kinase A (<it>AURKA</it>) is a member of serine/threonine kinase family. Several kinases belonging to this family are activated in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle being involved in mitotic chromosomal segregation. <it>AURKA </it>overexpression is significantly associated with neoplastic transformation in several tumors and deregulated <it>Aurora Kinases </it>expression leads to chromosome instability, thus contributing to cancer progression. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the expression of <it>AURKA </it>in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens and to correlate its mRNA or protein expression with patients' clinico-pathological features.</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis on matched cancer and corresponding normal tissues from surgically resected non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) have been performed aiming to explore the expression levels of <it>AURKA </it>gene.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>AURKA </it>expression was significantly up-modulated in tumor samples compared to matched lung tissue (p < 0.01, mean log2(FC) = 1.5). Moreover, <it>AURKA </it>was principally up-modulated in moderately and poorly differentiated lung cancers (p < 0.01), as well as in squamous and adenocarcinomas compared to the non-invasive bronchioloalveolar histotype (p = 0.029). No correlation with survival was observed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results indicate that in NSCLC <it>AURKA </it>over-expression is restricted to specific subtypes and poorly differentiated tumors.</p

Simulation-based learning and digital tools. A trial for Pharmacy Services

This paper focuses, amidst a collective desire to re-appropriate sociality and a focus on the use of digital and ‘phygital’ practices to promote inclusion and diminish the human impact on the planet, on the choice of hybrid, physical or virtual modes of interaction as a function of punctual rather than generalised needs to foster a conscious and sustained digital transition in university education. The essay deals with the simulation method as an established tool in learning medical disciplines, declining it in an unprecedented scenario such as pharmaceuticals and experimenting with its digitisation. With a view to the development of integrated didactics between analogue and digital, the case study Pharmacy of Services provides the basis for an extended reflection on the future potential of university education

Fast emitting nanocomposites for high-resolution ToF-PET imaging based on multicomponent scintillators

Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography is a medical imaging technique, based on the detection of two back-to-back {\gamma}-photons generated from radiotracers injected in the body. Its limit is the ability of employed scintillation detectors to discriminate in time the arrival of {\gamma}-pairs, i.e. the coincidence time resolution (CTR). A CTR < 50 ps that would enable fast imaging with ultralow radiotracer dose. Monolithic materials do not have simultaneously the required high light output and fast emission characteristics, thus the concept of scintillating heterostructure is proposed, where the device is made of a dense scintillator coupled to a fast-emitting light material. Here we present a composite polymeric scintillator, whose density has been increased upon addition of hafnium oxide nanoparticles. This enhanced by +300% its scintillation yield, surpassing commercial plastic scintillators. The nanocomposite is coupled to bismuth germanate oxide (BGO) realizing a multilayer scintillator. We observed the energy sharing between its components, which activate the nanocomposite fast emission enabling a net CTR improvement of 25% with respect to monolithic BGO. These results demonstrate that a controlled loading with dense nanomaterials is an excellent strategy to enhance the performance of polymeric scintillators for their use in advanced radiation detection and imaging technologies

Multicenter prospective study on the prevalence of colistin resistance in escherichia coli: Relevance of mcr-1-positive clinical isolates in Lombardy, Northern Italy

Background: The emergence of the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism in Escherichia coli has raised concern among public health experts as colistin is a last-line antimicrobial resort. The primary aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of this resistance trait in E. coli isolates circulating in the Lombardy region, Northern Italy. The presence of mcr-type genes and their genetic relationship were also studied. Materials and methods: A prospective study was performed during a 4-month period (May to August, 2016) in six acute care Hospitals. Consecutive nonduplicate clinical isolates of E. coli from any type of clinical specimen, with the exception of rectal swabs, were included in the study. Isolates that exhibited MIC values for colistin &gt;2 mg/L were further investigated. Bacterial identification was obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Amplification of mcr-type genes (-1 to -5 variants) and microarray analysis were accomplished. Repetitive sequence-based PCR (Rep-PCR) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis were used for genotyping. Results: Overall, 3,902 consecutive E. coli isolates (2,342 from outpatients, 1,560 from inpatients) were evaluated during the study period. Of them, 18/3,902 (0.5%), collected from 4/6 centers, showed resistance to colistin. These isolates were mostly obtained from urine of both outpatients (n=12) and inpatients (n=6). Colistin MIC values ranged from 4 to 8 mg/L. The mcr-1 gene was detected in 10/18 isolates (7 from outpatients, 3 from inpatients). Rep-PCR and MLST analysis revealed the presence of nine different clusters. Further mcr-type genes were not detected. Conclusion: Resistance to colistin in E. coli clinical isolates appears low in our geographic area. With regard to mcr-1-positive isolates, they accounted for approximately 50% of colistin-resistant E. coli isolates, thus representing a relevant resistance mechanism in this context. Although overall limited, the presence of mcr-1 determinant in our region should not be ignored and great concern should be given to the continuous surveillance