Thermal expansion behaviour of unidirectionally SiC fibre-reinforced MAS and BMAS glass-ceramics

The thermal expansion behaviour of SiC fibre-reinforced Magnesium-Aluminium-Silicate (MAS) and Barium-Magnesium- Aluminium-Silicate (BMAS) glass-ceramics was studied in air as well as in argon furnace atmosphere. The results show that the coefficients of thermal expansion up to a temperature of 800 C are influenced to a minor degree by the furnace atmosphere and to a major degree by the phase composition of the matrices and the fibre concentration. The largest values in air and argon atmosphere are obtained from BMAS(14)/SiC fibre composites with α₁₅₀/₈₀₀ = 3.92 * 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ and 3.87 * 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ respectively, at a fibre content of 52 vol.%, while the lowest values are found for BMAS(9)/SiC fibre composites in air with α₁₅₀/₈₀₀ = 3.24 * 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ and in argon with α₁₅₀/₈₀₀ = 3.11 * 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ at a fibre content of about 25 vol.%. Increasing fibre concentration leads to increasing thermal expansion. The experimentally determined values were compared with calculated ones by the mixing rule and a good agreement was found, particularly for the BMAS(14) composites

Modelling of Heat Transfer for Droplet Condensation in Mixed Convective Duct Flow

Temperature and humidity measurements are conducted in mixed convective humid-air duct flow with condensation. The latent and total heat transfer during the experiment are determined through the thermal balance for inlet temperatures from 27.5 ∘C to 35.5 ∘C, relative humidities from 30% to 55% and at four Reynolds numbers (2000–8000). The experimental results are compared with a heat transfer model from the literature. Adjusted in terms of the geometry and surface properties, the model shows partial agreement for the cases with forced convection but has to be further adjusted regarding the influence of thermal convection

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Jutta Brückner  Nico HofmannHerbert AchternbuschChristian Wagne

Tomographic reconstruction with a generative adversarial network

This paper presents a deep learning algorithm for tomographic reconstruction (GANrec). The algorithm uses a generative adversarial network (GAN) to solve the inverse of the Radon transform directly. It works for independent sinograms without additional training steps. The GAN has been developed to fit the input sinogram with the model sinogram generated from the predicted reconstruction. Good quality reconstructions can be obtained during the minimization of the fitting errors. The reconstruction is a self-training procedure based on the physics model, instead of on training data. The algorithm showed significant improvements in the reconstruction accuracy, especially for missing-wedge tomography acquired at less than 180° rotational range. It was also validated by reconstructing a missing-wedge X-ray ptychographic tomography (PXCT) data set of a macroporous zeolite particle, for which only 51 projections over 70° could be collected. The GANrec recovered the 3D pore structure with reasonable quality for further analysis. This reconstruction concept can work universally for most of the ill-posed inverse problems if the forward model is well defined, such as phase retrieval of in-line phase-contrast imaging

Front line defenders of the ecological niche! Screening the structural diversity of peptaibiotics from saprotrophic and fungicolous <i>Trichoderma/Hypocrea</i> species

Approximately 950 individual sequences of nonribosomally biosynthesised peptides are produced by the genus Trichoderma/Hypocreathat belong to a perpetually growing class of mostly linear antibiotic oligopeptides, which are rich in the non-proteinogenic α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib). Thus, they are comprehensively named peptaibiotics. Notably, peptaibiotics represent ca. 80%of the total inventory of secondary metabolites currently known from Trichoderma/Hypocrea. Their unique membrane-modifying bioactivity results from amphipathicity and helicity, thus making them ideal candidates in assisting both colonisation and defence of the natural habitats by their fungal producers. Despite this, reports on the in vivo-detection of peptaibiotics have scarcely been published in the past. In order to evaluate the significance of peptaibiotic production for a broader range of potential producers, we screened nine specimensbelonging to seven hitherto uninvestigated fungicolous orsaprotrophic Trichoderma/Hypocrea species by liquid chromatographycoupled to electrospray high resolution mass spectrometry.Sequences of peptaibiotics found were independently confirmedby analysing the peptaibiome of pure agar culture

Bioimpedance Body Measures and Serum Lipid Levels in Masculine Depression

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a main reason for suicide, and serum lipids are involved in both affective disorders and related suicidal behavior. Moreover, masculine depression has been suggested as a subtype of depression with an increased risk for suicide. Here, we studied the relationship between body measures, serum lipids, suicidal thoughts, and masculine depression.MethodsDepressed patients (44% women) were divided by a sex-separated median-split into a group of 81 “patients with masculine depression” (mean age ± standard error: 36.4 ± 1.6 years) and a group of 82 “patients with non-masculine depression” (age 45.7 ± 1.6 years) according to the Male Depression Risk Scale. We compared body measures, serum lipid levels, and past suicidal ideation between these groups and explored differences between these groups and 176 healthy controls (51% women; age 37.2 ± 1.0 years).ResultsPatients with masculine depression did not significantly differ from patients with non-masculine depression in any of the body measures, lipid markers, or suicidal thoughts. Compared to healthy controls, both patient groups showed significantly higher body fat (B[masculine depression] = 0.041 and B[non–masculine depression] = 0.050), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (B = –0.045 and –0.044), and a higher risk for suicidal thoughts (B = 3.927 and 2.663) than healthy controls. Suicidal thoughts were significantly associated with lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/HDL ratios (B = –0.455) in patients with depression and with higher LDL cholesterol levels (B = 0.020) in healthy controls subjects.LimitationCorrelational study design and focus on in-patients.ConclusionIn the studied cohort, masculine depression was not significantly associated with the analyzed parameters of body measures, serum lipids, or suicidal thoughts in in-patients with depression