An Integration-Oriented Ontology to Govern Evolution in Big Data Ecosystems

Big Data architectures allow to flexibly store and process heterogeneous data, from multiple sources, in their original format. The structure of those data, commonly supplied by means of REST APIs, is continuously evolving. Thus data analysts need to adapt their analytical processes after each API release. This gets more challenging when performing an integrated or historical analysis. To cope with such complexity, in this paper, we present the Big Data Integration ontology, the core construct to govern the data integration process under schema evolution by systematically annotating it with information regarding the schema of the sources. We present a query rewriting algorithm that, using the annotated ontology, converts queries posed over the ontology to queries over the sources. To cope with syntactic evolution in the sources, we present an algorithm that semi-automatically adapts the ontology upon new releases. This guarantees ontology-mediated queries to correctly retrieve data from the most recent schema version as well as correctness in historical queries. A functional and performance evaluation on real-world APIs is performed to validate our approach.Comment: Preprint submitted to Information Systems. 35 page

Double reading of outsourced CT/MR radiology reports

OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to determine disagreement rates in radiological reports provided by using a double-reading protocol in a national teleradiology company. METHODS: From January 2015 to July 2016, 134169 radiological exams from 36 French centers, benefited outsourced interpretations by certified radiologists, in both regular and after-hours activities. Of these, 2040 CT and MR-scans (1.5%) were subjected to a second opinion by other radiologists in the field of their anatomical specialty (cerebral, thoracic, abdominal-pelvic, and osteoarticular). A five-point agreement scale graded from 0 to 4 was assigned for each exam. Disagreements were considered as minor if no clinical consequence for patient (scores 1 and 2) and major if potential clinical consequence (score 3 and 4). Independent radiologists performed a retrospective analysis and a stratified statistical analysis. RESULTS: Double reading was performed on CT-scans (n = 934/2040, 45.8%) and MR-scans (n = 1106/2040, 54.2%) performed in regular (80.1%) and after-hours activities (19.9%). Disagreement scores occurred in 437 exams (21.4%), including major disagreements in 59 (2.9%). Among these, 48/754 were assigned by the thoracic second reader (6.4%), 6/70 by the abdominal-pelvic second reader (8.6%), 3/901 by the osteoarticular second reader (0.3%), and 2/315 by the cerebral second reader (0.6%), with statistical significant difference. No additional disagreement rate was observed in regular and after-hours activities (P = 0.63). CONCLUSIONS: Double-reading of outsourced CT and MRI interpretations yielded 21.4% disagreement rate, with potential clinical consequence for patient in 2,9% of the cases. These results are in accordance with those previously reported and suggests that quality assurance of outsourced interpretations is needed

Experience Feedback Committee: a management tool to improve patient safety in mental health

BACKGROUND: A management tool, called the Experience Feedback Committee, has been applied for patient safety and successfully used in medical departments. The purpose of this study was to analyse the functioning of an Experience Feedback Committee in a psychiatric department and to explore its contribution to the particular issues of patient safety in mental health. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive study based on all the written documents produced by the Experience Feedback Committee between March 2010 and January 2013. The study was conducted in Grenoble University Hospital in France. We analysed all reported incidents, reports of meetings and event analysis reports. Adverse events were classified according to the Conceptual Framework for the International Classification for Patient Safety. RESULTS: A total of 30 meetings were attended by 22 professionals including seven physicians and 12 paramedical practitioners. We identified 475 incidents reported to the Experience Feedback Committee. Most of them (92 %) had no medical consequence for the patient. Eleven incidents were investigated with an analysis method inspired by civil aviation security systems. Twenty-one corrective actions were set up, including eight responses to the specific problems of a mental health unit, such as training to respond to situations of violence or management of suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS: The Experience Feedback Committee makes it possible to involve mental healthcare professionals directly in safety management. This tool seems appropriate to manage specific patient safety issues in mental health. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12991-015-0062-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Comités de Retour d'Expérience et culture de sécurité des soins

The Experience Feedback Committee (EFC) is a tool designed to involve medical teams in patient safety management, through root cause analysis of adverse events within the team. This program was created in 2005, and was implemented in the vast majority of French hospitals. Despite its wide implementation in thousands of French medical teams, the EFC still lacks scientific evaluation. To our knowledge, the EFC framework and the association between EFC and patient safety culture have never been assessed. In this context, our work aimed to determine whether patient safety culture, as measured by the Hospital Survey On Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS), differed regarding care provider involvement in EFC activities. Using the original data from a cross-sectional survey of 3,888 employees at a single university hospital in France, we analyzed the differences in HSOPS dimension scores according involvement in EFC activities. We also specified the metrological properties of the transcultural adaptation of the HSOPS into French (psychometrics properties, variability of scoring strategies and missing data imputation methods). Our findings suggest that EFC participation may improve patient safety culture, teamwork and non-blame oriented processes. Despite several limitations, our study contributes to a better understanding of EFC and its position amongst patient safety systems. This thesis advocates research developments centered on health care givers involvement in patient safety management.Le Comité de Retour d’Expérience (CREX) est un dispositif de gestion de la sécurité des patients en équipe, engageant les professionnels de santé dans la pratique collective de l’analyse des causes racines des événements indésirables associés aux soins. Ce dispositif, développé en France en 2005, est désormais implanté dans la majorité des établissements de santé français. Curieusement, après 10 ans de développement dans des milliers d’équipes médicales, aucun travail scientifique publié ne s’était penché sur leur fonctionnement et leurs effets sur la sécurité des patients. Mon travail de thèse a permis d’évaluer le fonctionnement des CREX, ainsi que leur association aux dimensions de la culture de sécurité des professionnels de santé. Nous avons montré que les CREX sont appropriés pour fonctionner dans les diverses spécialités d’un établissement de santé. De plus, ce dispositif permet aux soignants de réaliser des analyses des causes racines, et de décider collectivement d’actions visant à corriger les défaillances profondes des organisations. Afin d’étudier les relations entre la participation à un CREX et les dimensions de la culture de sécurité des soignants, nous avons effectué une enquête auprès de 3888 professionnels de santé, en utilisant le questionnaire Hospital Survey On Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS), dont nous avons précisé les propriétés métrologiques (psychométrie, variabilité des méthodes d’agrégation des scores, méthodes d’imputation des données manquantes). Nous avons mis en évidence des relations favorables entre la participation à un CREX et la culture de sécurité des soignants. Les CREX permettent de favoriser le travail en équipe, la multidisciplinarité, ainsi que de modifier la culture de l’erreur. Malgré ses limites, notre travail contribue à mieux connaitre les CREX et leur place dans les dispositifs de gestion de la sécurité des patients. Cette thèse plaide pour le développement d’une recherche centrée sur l’implication des professionnels de santé dans la gestion de la sécurité des patients

Experience Feedback Committee and patient safety culture

Le Comité de Retour d’Expérience (CREX) est un dispositif de gestion de la sécurité des patients en équipe, engageant les professionnels de santé dans la pratique collective de l’analyse des causes racines des événements indésirables associés aux soins. Ce dispositif, développé en France en 2005, est désormais implanté dans la majorité des établissements de santé français. Curieusement, après 10 ans de développement dans des milliers d’équipes médicales, aucun travail scientifique publié ne s’était penché sur leur fonctionnement et leurs effets sur la sécurité des patients. Mon travail de thèse a permis d’évaluer le fonctionnement des CREX, ainsi que leur association aux dimensions de la culture de sécurité des professionnels de santé. Nous avons montré que les CREX sont appropriés pour fonctionner dans les diverses spécialités d’un établissement de santé. De plus, ce dispositif permet aux soignants de réaliser des analyses des causes racines, et de décider collectivement d’actions visant à corriger les défaillances profondes des organisations. Afin d’étudier les relations entre la participation à un CREX et les dimensions de la culture de sécurité des soignants, nous avons effectué une enquête auprès de 3888 professionnels de santé, en utilisant le questionnaire Hospital Survey On Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS), dont nous avons précisé les propriétés métrologiques (psychométrie, variabilité des méthodes d’agrégation des scores, méthodes d’imputation des données manquantes). Nous avons mis en évidence des relations favorables entre la participation à un CREX et la culture de sécurité des soignants. Les CREX permettent de favoriser le travail en équipe, la multidisciplinarité, ainsi que de modifier la culture de l’erreur. Malgré ses limites, notre travail contribue à mieux connaitre les CREX et leur place dans les dispositifs de gestion de la sécurité des patients. Cette thèse plaide pour le développement d’une recherche centrée sur l’implication des professionnels de santé dans la gestion de la sécurité des patients.The Experience Feedback Committee (EFC) is a tool designed to involve medical teams in patient safety management, through root cause analysis of adverse events within the team. This program was created in 2005, and was implemented in the vast majority of French hospitals. Despite its wide implementation in thousands of French medical teams, the EFC still lacks scientific evaluation. To our knowledge, the EFC framework and the association between EFC and patient safety culture have never been assessed. In this context, our work aimed to determine whether patient safety culture, as measured by the Hospital Survey On Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS), differed regarding care provider involvement in EFC activities. Using the original data from a cross-sectional survey of 3,888 employees at a single university hospital in France, we analyzed the differences in HSOPS dimension scores according involvement in EFC activities. We also specified the metrological properties of the transcultural adaptation of the HSOPS into French (psychometrics properties, variability of scoring strategies and missing data imputation methods). Our findings suggest that EFC participation may improve patient safety culture, teamwork and non-blame oriented processes. Despite several limitations, our study contributes to a better understanding of EFC and its position amongst patient safety systems. This thesis advocates research developments centered on health care givers involvement in patient safety management

Comités de Retour d'Expérience et culture de sécurité des soins

The Experience Feedback Committee (EFC) is a tool designed to involve medical teams in patient safety management, through root cause analysis of adverse events within the team. This program was created in 2005, and was implemented in the vast majority of French hospitals. Despite its wide implementation in thousands of French medical teams, the EFC still lacks scientific evaluation. To our knowledge, the EFC framework and the association between EFC and patient safety culture have never been assessed. In this context, our work aimed to determine whether patient safety culture, as measured by the Hospital Survey On Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS), differed regarding care provider involvement in EFC activities. Using the original data from a cross-sectional survey of 3,888 employees at a single university hospital in France, we analyzed the differences in HSOPS dimension scores according involvement in EFC activities. We also specified the metrological properties of the transcultural adaptation of the HSOPS into French (psychometrics properties, variability of scoring strategies and missing data imputation methods). Our findings suggest that EFC participation may improve patient safety culture, teamwork and non-blame oriented processes. Despite several limitations, our study contributes to a better understanding of EFC and its position amongst patient safety systems. This thesis advocates research developments centered on health care givers involvement in patient safety management.Le Comité de Retour d’Expérience (CREX) est un dispositif de gestion de la sécurité des patients en équipe, engageant les professionnels de santé dans la pratique collective de l’analyse des causes racines des événements indésirables associés aux soins. Ce dispositif, développé en France en 2005, est désormais implanté dans la majorité des établissements de santé français. Curieusement, après 10 ans de développement dans des milliers d’équipes médicales, aucun travail scientifique publié ne s’était penché sur leur fonctionnement et leurs effets sur la sécurité des patients. Mon travail de thèse a permis d’évaluer le fonctionnement des CREX, ainsi que leur association aux dimensions de la culture de sécurité des professionnels de santé. Nous avons montré que les CREX sont appropriés pour fonctionner dans les diverses spécialités d’un établissement de santé. De plus, ce dispositif permet aux soignants de réaliser des analyses des causes racines, et de décider collectivement d’actions visant à corriger les défaillances profondes des organisations. Afin d’étudier les relations entre la participation à un CREX et les dimensions de la culture de sécurité des soignants, nous avons effectué une enquête auprès de 3888 professionnels de santé, en utilisant le questionnaire Hospital Survey On Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS), dont nous avons précisé les propriétés métrologiques (psychométrie, variabilité des méthodes d’agrégation des scores, méthodes d’imputation des données manquantes). Nous avons mis en évidence des relations favorables entre la participation à un CREX et la culture de sécurité des soignants. Les CREX permettent de favoriser le travail en équipe, la multidisciplinarité, ainsi que de modifier la culture de l’erreur. Malgré ses limites, notre travail contribue à mieux connaitre les CREX et leur place dans les dispositifs de gestion de la sécurité des patients. Cette thèse plaide pour le développement d’une recherche centrée sur l’implication des professionnels de santé dans la gestion de la sécurité des patients

Blood potassium after avalanche-induced cardiac arrest: sampling method and interpretation

International audienc

The contribution of open comments to understanding the results from the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS): A qualitative study

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>To develop high-quality and safe healthcare, a good safety culture is an important feature of healthcare-providing structures. The objective of this study was to analyze the qualitative data of the comments section of a Hospital Survey on Patient Safety (HSOPS) questionnaire to clarify the answers given to the closed questions.</p><p>Method</p><p>Using the original data from a cross-sectional survey of 5,064 employees at a single university hospital in France, we conducted a qualitative study by analyzing the comments of a HSOPS survey and conducting in-depth interviews with 19 healthcare providers. We submitted the comments and the interviews to a thematic analysis.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of 3,978 questionnaires were returned, with 247 comments collected. The qualitative analysis identified several structural failures. The main categories of the open comments were concordant with the lowest dimension scores found in the quantitative analysis. The most frequently reported failures were related to the staffing and hospital management support dimensions. The healthcare professionals perceived the lack of resources, including understaffing, as the major barrier to the development of a patient safety culture. Concrete organizational issues related to hospital handoffs and risk coordination were identified, such as transfers from the emergency departments and the lack of feedback following self-reporting of incidents.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The analysis of the open comments complemented the HSOPS scores, increasing the level of detail in the description of the hospital’s patient safety culture. Combined with a classical quantitative approach used in HSOPS-based surveys, the qualitative analysis of open comments is useful to identify organizational weaknesses within the hospital.</p></div

Participation and comments in the HSOPS survey.

<p>Participation and comments in the HSOPS survey.</p

Comparison of HSOPS scores according to the presence of open comments (effect size).

<p>Comparison of HSOPS scores according to the presence of open comments (effect size).</p