Congenital Linear Streaks on the Face and Neck and Microphthalmia in an Infant Girl

Peer reviewe

La persistance du canal artériel chez l'enfant grand prématuré (épidémiologie, prise en charge, impact du dépistage échographique précoce avec traitement ciblé)

TOURS-BU Médecine (372612103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Fermeture anténatale du canal artériel chez le foetus à coeur sain (à propos de 4 cas, revue de la littérature)

Le canal artériel est un des vaisseaux primordiaux de la circulation fœtale soumis à une régulation complexe. Sa fermeture prématurée est un événement rare source de complications fœtales et néonatales graves. Elle peut-être due, en dehors de cas idiopathiques, à la prise maternelle d'Anti-Inflammatoire Non Stéroïdiens en fin de grossesse. La description de cas, le développement de modèles animaux ont permis de mieux connaître les mécanismes physiopathologiques et les répercussions de la fermeture anténatale du canal artériel sur la circulation pulmonaire et la fonction cardiaque du fœtus. Après la naissance, la mauvaise adaptation de la circulation du nouveau-né, chez qui persiste des résistances artérielles pulmonaires élevées, peut nécessiter des soins lourds. Une meilleure connaissance de la physiopathologie, le rôle de l'échocardiographie et le développement de nouvelles molécules thérapeutiques permettront une prise en charge optimale de cette complication.NANTES-BU Médecine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Systematic ultrasound examinations in neonates admitted to NICU: evolution of portal vein thrombosis

International audienc

Establishment and mitotic characterization of new Drosophila acentriolar cell lines from DSas-4 mutant

Summary In animal cells the centrosome is commonly viewed as the main cellular structure driving microtubule (MT) assembly into the mitotic spindle apparatus. However, additional pathways, such as those mediated by chromatin and augmin, are involved in the establishment of functional spindles. The molecular mechanisms involved in these pathways remain poorly understood, mostly due to limitations inherent to current experimental systems available. To overcome these limitations we have developed six new Drosophila cell lines derived from Drosophila homozygous mutants for DSas-4, a protein essential for centriole biogenesis. These cells lack detectable centrosomal structures, astral MT, with dispersed pericentriolar proteins D-PLP, Centrosomin and γ-tubulin. They show poorly focused spindle poles that reach the plasma membrane. Despite being compromised for functional centrosome, these cells could successfully undergo mitosis. Live-cell imaging analysis of acentriolar spindle assembly revealed that nascent MTs are nucleated from multiple points in the vicinity of chromosomes. These nascent MTs then grow away from kinetochores allowing the expansion of fibers that will be part of the future acentriolar spindle. MT repolymerization assays illustrate that acentriolar spindle assembly occurs “inside-out” from the chromosomes. Colchicine-mediated depolymerization of MTs further revealed the presence of a functional Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) in the acentriolar cells. Finally, pilot RNAi experiments open the potential use of these cell lines for the molecular dissection of anastral pathways in spindle and centrosome assembly

Space Software Validation using Abstract Interpretation

International audienceThis paper reports the results of an ESA funded project on the use of abstract interpretation to validate critical real-time embedded space software. Abstract interpretation is industrially used since several years, especially for the validation of the Ariane 5 launcher. However, the limitations of the tools used so far prevented a wider deployment. Astrium Space Transportation, CEA, and ENS have analyzed the performances of two recent tools on a case study extracted from the safety software of the ATV: * ASTRÉE, developed by ENS and CNRS, to check for run-time errors, * FLUCTUAT, developed by CEA, to analyse the accuracy of numerical computations. The conclusion of the study is that the performance of this new generation of tools has dramatically increased (no false alarms and fine analysis of numerical precision)

Post-ligation cardiac syndrome after surgical versustranscatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus inlow body weight premature infants: a multicenterretrospective cohort study

International audienc

Juger la politique

Financement illégal des partis politiques, usages privés de fonds publics, collusion entre hommes politiques et intérêts « mafieux », dénonciation des « affaires » et autres scandales, soupçons de corruption nourrissent sans cesse l'humeur anti-institutionnelle de nos concitoyens. Quelles sont les conditions qui rendent possible l'action de juger la politique ? Quels sont les effets de telles entreprises

Late Surfactant Administration in Very Preterm Neonates With Prolonged Respiratory Distress and Pulmonary Outcome at 1 Year of Age

International audienceIMPORTANCE Although immature neonate survival has improved, there is an increased risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia, leading to significant respiratory morbidity. Measures to reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia are not always effective or have important adverse effects.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of late surfactant administration in infants with prolonged respiratory distress on ventilation duration, respiratory outcome at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age, and at 1 year postnatal age.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Double-blind randomized clinical trial at 13 level III French perinatal centers. Participants included 118 neonates at less than 33 weeks' gestation who still required mechanical ventilation on day 14 (SD, 2) with fraction of inspired oxygen of more than 0.30. All survivors were eligible for follow-up. We performed an intent-to-treat analysis. INTERVENTIONS Infants received 200 mg/kg of poractant alfa (surfactant) or air after randomization. At 1 year, after parents' interview, infants underwent physical examination by pediatricians not aware of the randomization.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The duration of ventilation was the primary outcome. The combined outcome of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age and respiratory morbidity at 1 year of age were the main secondary outcome measures. RESULTS Of the 118 infants who participated in the study, 65 (55%) were male. Fraction of inspired oxygen requirements dropped after surfactant, but not air, for up to 24 hours after instillation (0.36 [0.11] vs 0.43 [0.18]; P < .005). Severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia/death rates at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age were similar (27.1% vs 35.6%; P = .32). Less surfactant-treated infants needed rehospitalization for respiratory problems after discharge (28.3% vs 51.1%; P = .03); 39.5% vs 50% needed respiratory physical therapy (P = .35). No difference was observed for weight (7.8 [1.2] kg vs 7.6 [1.1] kg), height (69 [5] cm vs 69 [3] cm), and head circumference (44.4 [1.7] cm vs 44.2 [1.7] cm) measured at follow-up, nor for neurodevelopment outcome. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Late surfactant administration did not alter the early course of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. However, surfactant-treated infants had reduced respiratory morbidity prior to 1 year of age