Squeezed-light source for the superresolving microscopy

We propose a source of multimode squeezed light that can be used for the superresolving microscopy beyond the standard quantum limit. This source is an optical parametric amplifier with a properly chosen diaphragm on its output and a Fourier lens. We demonstrate that such an arrangement produces squeezed prolate spheroidal waves which are the eigen modes of the optical imaging scheme used in microscopy. The degree of squeezing and the number of spatial modes in illuminating light, necessary for the effective object field reconstruction, are evaluatedComment: 6 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX4. Shortened version will appear in Optics Letter

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Electroconvulsive therapy for Depression in Anorexia Nervosa. A review

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Electroconvulsive therapy for Patients with Intellectual Disability. When and how?

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The virtual reconstruction of two medieval liturgical settings: The main apses of the Romanesque cathedrals of Vic and Girona

Al llarg dels anys 2021 i 2022 s’ha dut a terme la restitució virtual dels absis majors de les catedrals romàniques de Vic i de Girona, ambdues desaparegudes en temps posteriors a causa de la reconstrucció dels edificis respectius. En tots dos casos, les restitucions tenien com a objectiu, a banda de la generació de sengles productes culturals, la reflexió científica sobre les arts de l’altar i la configuració espacial i decorativa dels escenaris litúrgics en el context de l’art romànic català (segles XI-XIII), a través de l’estudi d’aquests espais concrets, de les diferents possibilitats restitutives a partir de les dades disponibles i del debat crític al seu entorn.Over the course of the years 2021-2022, the main apses of the Romanesque cathedrals of Vic and Girona, both of which had disappeared as a result of the reconstruction of the respective buildings, have been digitally rebuilt. In both cases, the purpose of the reconstructions, apart from generating the respective cultural products, was to carry out a scientific reflection on the altar arts and the spatial and decorative configuration of the liturgical settings in the context of Catalan Romanesque art (11th-13th centuries), through the study of these specific spaces and of the various possibilities of reconstruction based on the available data, together with a critical discussion of these matters

Entangled-State Lithography: Tailoring any Pattern with a Single State

We demonstrate a systematic approach to Heisenberg-limited lithographic image formation using four-mode reciprocal binominal states. By controlling the exposure pattern with a simple bank of birefringent plates, any pixel pattern on a $(N+1) \times (N+1)$ grid, occupying a square with the side half a wavelength long, can be generated from a $2 N$-photon state.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

On building physics-based AI models for the design and SHM of mooring systems

Expert systems in industrial processes are modelled using physics-based approaches, data-driven models or hybrid approaches in which however the underlying physical models generally constitute a separate block with respect to the Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique(s). This work applies the novel concept of “imbrication”-a physics-based AI approach-to the mooring system of offshore renewable energy devices to achieve a complete integration of both perspectives. This approach can reduce the size of the training dataset and computational time while delivering algorithms with higher generalization capability and explicability. We first undertake the design of the mooring system by developing a surrogate model coupled with a Bayesian optimiser. Then, we analyse the structural health monitoring of the mooring system by designing a supervised Deep Neural Network architecture. Herein, we describe the characteristics of the imbrication process, analyse preliminary results of our investigation and provide considerations for orienting further research work and sector applicability

Creation of NOON states by double Fock-state/Bose-Einstein condensates

NOON states (states of the form $|N>_{a}|0>_{b}+|0>_{a}|N>_{b}$ where $a$ and $b$ are single particle states) have been used for predicting violations of hidden-variable theories (Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger violations) and are valuable in metrology for precision measurements of phase at the Heisenberg limit. We show theoretically how the use of two Fock state/Bose-Einstein condensates as sources in a modified Mach Zender interferometer can lead to the creation of the NOON state in which $a$ and $b$ refer to arms of the interferometer and $N$ is the total number of particles in the two condensates. The modification of the interferometer involves making conditional ``side'' measurements of a few particles near the sources. These measurements put the remaining particles in a superposition of two phase states, which are converted into NOON states by a beam splitter. The result is equivalent to the quantum experiment in which a large molecule passes through two slits. The NOON states are combined in a final beam splitter and show interference. Attempts to detect through which ``slit'' the condensates passed destroys the interference.Comment: 8 pages 5 figure

Quantum interferometry with three-dimensional geometry

Quantum interferometry uses quantum resources to improve phase estimation with respect to classical methods. Here we propose and theoretically investigate a new quantum interferometric scheme based on three-dimensional waveguide devices. These can be implemented by femtosecond laser waveguide writing, recently adopted for quantum applications. In particular, multiarm interferometers include "tritter" and "quarter" as basic elements, corresponding to the generalization of a beam splitter to a 3- and 4-port splitter, respectively. By injecting Fock states in the input ports of such interferometers, fringe patterns characterized by nonclassical visibilities are expected. This enables outperforming the quantum Fisher information obtained with classical fields in phase estimation. We also discuss the possibility of achieving the simultaneous estimation of more than one optical phase. This approach is expected to open new perspectives to quantum enhanced sensing and metrology performed in integrated photonic.Comment: 7 pages (+4 Supplementary Information), 5 figure

A theoretical framework and research agenda for studying team attributions in sport

The attributions made for group outcomes have attracted a great deal of interest in recent years. In this article we bring together much of the current research on attribution theory in sport and outline a new conceptual framework and research agenda for investigating the attributions of team members. The proposed framework draws on multiple conceptual approaches including models of attribution, group dynamics and stress responses to provide a detailed hypothetical description of athletes' physiological, cognitive and affective responses to group competition. In describing this model we outline important antecedents of team attributions before hypothesising how attributions can impact hormonal and cardiovascular responses of athletes, together with cognitive (goals, choices, expectations), affective (self-esteem, emotions), and behavioural (approach-avoidance actions) responses of groups and group members. We conclude by outlining important methodological considerations and implications for structured context specific attribution-based interventions