Le performing arts. Un percorso di ricerca tra lingua, emozioni e movimento

Learning foreign languages through the performing arts takes on alwaysmore interest in the International scientific world. The essay presents anempirical research conducted in a secondary school of Rome, by the use ofa specific methodology, the drama pedagogy.L’apprendimento delle lingue straniere attraverso le performing arts sembrarivestire sempre maggiore interesse all’interno del panorama scientificointernazionale. Il contributo intende presentare un’indagine empiricacondotta in una scuola secondaria di primo grado di Roma, attraverso l’utilizzodi una particolare metodologia, la dramma-pedagogia

Sounds in the foreign language lesson

Modern teaching approaches such as CLIL and various European policies (Council of Europe 2014) promote the vision of a multilingual school where the new European citizen can grow up learning at least two languages besides their mother tongue(s). From the point of view of foreign language teaching, especially interesting is the use of the arts (theatre, drama, music, dance, and fine arts), whether to create a new approach to teaching and learning (Schewe 2013) or to increase the motivation and commitment of the learners (Fleming 2014). In order for schools and teachers to be able to make use of the performing arts and modify their teaching methods accordingly, however, it will be necessary for government bodies and universities to modify and enrich teacher education – not just initial education but also continuing education – with special courses, workshops, and conferences. Language and music are two worlds that are strongly interconnected. According to Patel (2008: 3), both of these worlds define us as human because both of them appear in every human society, no matter what other aspects of culture may be absent. Even the smallest, most isolated tribes, like the Pirahã in Brazil, have music and songs in abundance though ..

Ripensare la didattica disciplinare attraverso il corpo ed il movimento

As the World Health Organization has pointed out, in the contemporary worldthere are more and more cases of overweight and obese young people.These problems are seriously tackled by the recent legislation of educationand training system (Law 107/2015), with particular regard to the preventionof obesity and stressing the importance of the physical and dietary education.Schools are, indeed, the place where it is possible to improve thehabits of the future citizen.Therefore to what extent is learning-teaching process related to body element?After a general introduction, the essay presents some considerations,regarding the international discoveries about the school system:those could be essential ideas for the didactic renovation and for the professionalismof teachers.Come testimoniano i dati forniti dall’Organizzazione mondiale della sanità,nel mondo contemporaneo sono sempre maggiori i casi di giovani insovrappeso e obesi.Tale problematica è stata affrontata anche dalle recenti disposizioni normativein materia di istruzione e formazione (Legge 107/2015), attraverso un esplicitorimando alla prevenzione dell’obesità, sottolineando l’importanza dell’educazione motoria e alimentare, poiché è proprio negli ambienti scolastici, infatti, che è possibile intervenire sulle abitudini del futuro cittadino del domani.In che misura il processo di apprendimento-insegnamento entra in relazionecon la sfera corporea? Dopo un’introduzione più generale il contributo intende presentare alcune riflessioni, alla luce delle scoperte attuate in ambito internazionale che investono il mondo della scuola e che possono rappresentare degli spunti fondamentali di rinnovamento per la didatticae la professionalità del docente

Ripensare la didattica disciplinare attraverso il corpo ed il movimento

As the World Health Organization has pointed out, in the contemporary worldthere are more and more cases of overweight and obese young people.These problems are seriously tackled by the recent legislation of educationand training system (Law 107/2015), with particular regard to the preventionof obesity and stressing the importance of the physical and dietary education.Schools are, indeed, the place where it is possible to improve thehabits of the future citizen.Therefore to what extent is learning-teaching process related to body element?After a general introduction, the essay presents some considerations,regarding the international discoveries about the school system:those could be essential ideas for the didactic renovation and for the professionalismof teachers.Come testimoniano i dati forniti dall’Organizzazione mondiale della sanità,nel mondo contemporaneo sono sempre maggiori i casi di giovani insovrappeso e obesi.Tale problematica è stata affrontata anche dalle recenti disposizioni normativein materia di istruzione e formazione (Legge 107/2015), attraverso un esplicitorimando alla prevenzione dell’obesità, sottolineando l’importanza dell’educazione motoria e alimentare, poiché è proprio negli ambienti scolastici, infatti, che è possibile intervenire sulle abitudini del futuro cittadino del domani.In che misura il processo di apprendimento-insegnamento entra in relazionecon la sfera corporea? Dopo un’introduzione più generale il contributo intende presentare alcune riflessioni, alla luce delle scoperte attuate in ambito internazionale che investono il mondo della scuola e che possono rappresentare degli spunti fondamentali di rinnovamento per la didatticae la professionalità del docente

Le STEAM nell’istruzione degli adulti: tra sperimentazione e divulgazione

Abstract: The paper deepens the role of STEAM disciplines in learning-teaching processes, through epistemological-didactical reflections, with specific reference to the role of divulgation in school contexts. Two significant experiences, implemented by the Provincial Centers for Adult Education, are presented, relating to STEAM education with students with migrant background and those of the school in prison.Keywords: STEAM; divulgation; adult education; prison school.Riassunto: Il contributo approfondisce il ruolo delle discipline STEAM nei processi di apprendimentoinsegnamento, attraverso riflessioni epistemologico-didattiche, con specifico riferimento al ruolo della divulgazione nei contesti scolastici. Vengono presentate due significative esperienze attuate dai Centri Provinciali per l’Istruzione degli Adulti, relativamente all’educazione STEAM con gli studenti con background migratorio e quelli della scuola in carcere.Parole chiave: STEAM; divulgazione; istruzione degli adulti; scuola in carcer

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research