Introducción a la práctica profesional, reflexión, supervisión, estrategias para el futuro

Este estudio es una refléxion sobre la supervisión pedagógica en la ESE JDEUS, en el encuadre del Proceso de Bolonia, lo cual ha surgido de la necesidad de introducir los câmbios relacionados con el início de la practica profesional en el 1º ciclo de estudios. Hemos aplicado una encuesta a todos los alumnos que frecuentan el Bachilerato u el Máster en Educación. La supervisión pedagógica surge como una acción que deberá ser dinamizadora, reflexiva y continuada, donde el aprendizaje, la integración del conocimiento y el desarrollo de competencias requiere variadas practicas de colaboración, en las cuales el supervisor actúa como un mediador encargado de promover el desarrollo de los estudiantes. Este procedimiento da lugar a una ruta de experimentos, comunicación, interacción, cooperación, mientras va validando el conocimiento individual. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan para la posibilidad de articulación entre la experiencia adquirida y la implementación de nuevas estrategias, contribuyendo para la mejora de la formación en contexto, que se vuelve progresivamente más reflexiva e eficaz. En una sociedad en constante cambio, es importante (re)pensar la formación y supervisión ajustadas a los señales del los tiempos

Autogenous tooth transplantation : evaluation of pulp tissue regeneration

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the pulp survival that occur in transplants of autologous teeth, by comparing two surgical techniques: the conventional technique (autotransplantation for newly formed alveoli), and an alternative technique, (autotransplants for alveoli in the initial phase of healing). In each surgical techniques were applied, randomly, either saline solution or Emdogain ®. Study Design:The study group comprised 26 patents, in which 28 teeth were transplanted to recipient sockets prepared mechanically. Of the 28 teeth transplanted, 4 were intentional replants, and of the remainer, 11 had the apex closed and 13 open. The mean age at the time of transplantation was 22.34±8.14 years (mean ± SD). The transplantation were performed by the same operator, with the informed consent of the patient and authorized by the ethical committee of the hospital. Clinical and radiological examinations were performed during 24 to 65 months (48±12.96; MED±SD), from 10 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and annually to 5.6 years. Results: Only two transplanted teeth were lost, due persistent apical periodontitis, and one transplanted patient with open apex missed the treatment. In the teeth with pulp, we needed to perform root canal therapy in 9. In the 73% of the teeth with closed apex, we needed to perform root canal treatment, with no statistically significant difference found among closed apex and root canal therapy (p=0.083). In only 8% of the teeth with open apex did we need to perform root canal treatment, with an association between open apex and root canal therapy (p=0.0002). The overall success rate was 98% with significant difference for losses (p=0.0001). Conclusions: Although not a frequent procedure, it was concluded that autotransplanted teeth, performed with appropriate surgical care had a good prognosis, and can render a very useful service to the patients. © Medicina Oral S. L

Validação do estudo da permeabilidade da barreira alvéolocapilar com 133Xe

ABSTRACTA preliminary review of physical concepts related with the solubility of inert gases in tissues and with the permeability of inert gases through the alveolar-capillary membrane in the context of this paper, is firstly presented. The solubility laws of gases in liquids and tissues, the concept of partial pressure of a gas in a tissue, the solubility and partition coefficients, the equilibrium of gases in the lungs, the gas diffusion through the capillary walls, etc., are brevely dealed with in this part of the work. The importance of a physiological method to study the alveolar-capillary barrier permeability with local information is emphasized. In the present paper the physiological and practical reasons which favour gas utilization, and particularly 133Xe, instead of aerosols, to evaluate the alveolar-capillary barrier permeability are considered. A method to evaluate the disappearance times of 133 Xe activity and obtain parametric images is described. The advantages to display 133 Xe permeability images concomitantly with the ventilation and perfusion images and its interest is shown with some examples. General aspects of the use of 99mTc-DTPA aerosols and CO classical spirometry with infra red analysis to study the alveolar-capiillary barrier permeability are considered.In a group of pacients, parametric images of the alveolar-capillary barrier permeability were obtained both with 133Xe, using our technique and with the usual method of Nuclear Medicine using 99mTc-DTPA aerosols. The disapearence times obtained by the two techniques are in general terms correlated, however, a considerably higher specificity is obseved in the case of 133Xe.In a second group of patients the global mean disapearence times of 133Xe, in the region of interest of the lungs, were compared with the CO diffusion times obtained with a convencional CO test. The agreement between the tests is very good in what concerns the ability to distinguish normal from abnormal, however, the local information offered by the 133Xe technique was felt to be an information of great value in many situations.The results obtained, up to now, with 133Xe indicate that the information provided may be a further step in the study of the alveolar-capillary barrier compromises, even in the early stages

Trajectoires de vie et transition à la vieillesse : le Portugal comme une étude de cas.

En Europe, à part l’Allemagne, les pays du Sud sont les plus âgés en raison de la croissance du nombre de seniors. Cette évolution soulève toutes sortes de problèmes. Elle est objet de débats et de controverses, liées à ses principales implications surtout en ce qui concerne le développement socioéconomique et les chances de viabilité des systèmes de sécurité sociale et de santé. Cependant, les conséquences futures du nombre et du rythme de croissance du vieillissement de la population sont susceptibles d’être influencés par différents parcours de vie, en particulier en ce qui concerne les trajectoires individuelles en matière de scolarité et de profession, ainsi que la mise en oeuvre de projets familiaux. Les projections démographiques sont un instrument précieux en contribuant au débat de ces questions, car elles permettent de prévoir et d’anticiper les besoins et les comportements futurs en se fondant sur l’analyse des tendances passées, comme de postuler différents scénarios pour les variables déterminantes et évaluer leurs conséquences. Le Portugal a été utilisé comme une étude de car ce n’est pas seulement l’un des pays plus vieillis d’Europe, mais aussi parce qu’il a connu une forte accélération de son processus de vieillissement, au cours des deux dernières décennies. Nous avons évalué l’impact des parcours de vie des individus en ce qui concerne l’éducation et les professions, et les trajectoires familiales. À cet effet, nous avons élaboré des perspectives de population pour les 50 prochaines années, en utilisant une combinaison de projections probabilistes dans le cas de la mortalité, avec l’élaboration de scénarios dans le cas de la fécondité. Des projections de ménages ont été construites et des projections dérivées sous l’hypothèse de différents scénarios alternatifs. L’étude a permis d’estimer une croissance rapide et progressive de la population âgée dans un cadre de déclin démographique ; évaluer l’influence des différents parcours des individus et des familles sur la prévision des caractéristiques de la population des personnes âgées ; de reconnaître la tendance à retarder et à (dé-) standardiser les comportements en ce qui concerne la transition à la vieillesse

Valorisation of spent tire rubber as carbon adsorbents for Pb(II) and W(VI) in the framework of a Circular Economy

Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). This work was funded by (a) Valorpneu S.A. through the INOV.AÇÃO 2018 Award; Associate Laboratory i4HB (LA/P/0140/2020); Maria Bernardo thanks FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) for funding through program DL 57/2016 – Norma transitória. A.M. Ferraria thanks Instituto Superior Técnico for Scientific Employment contract IST-ID/131/2018. This work was also financially supported by GREENERING COST Action CA18224.Spent tire rubber-derived chars and their corresponding H3PO4 and CO2-activated chars were used as adsorbents in the recovery of Pb(II) ion and (W(VI)) oxyanion from synthetic solutions. The developed chars (both raw and activated) were thoroughly characterized to have insight about their textural and surface chemistry properties. H3PO4-activated chars presented lower surface areas than the raw chars and an acidic surface chemistry which affected the performance of these samples as they showed the lowest removals of the metallic ions. On the other hand, CO2-activated chars presented increased surface areas and increased mineral content compared to the raw chars, having presented higher uptake capacities for both Pb(II) (103–116 mg/g) and W(VI) (27–31 mg/g) ions. Cation exchange with Ca, Mg and Zn ions was appointed as a mechanism for Pb removal, as well as surface precipitation in the form of hydrocerussite (Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2). W(VI) adsorption might have been ruled by strong electrostatic attractions between the negatively charged tungstate species and the highly positively charged carbons’ surface. The results shown in this work allow concluding that the valorisation of spent tire rubber through pyrolysis and the subsequent activation of the obtained chars is an alternative and a feasible option to generate adsorbent materials with a high uptake capacity of critical metallic elements.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin

Sealing efficacy of system B versus Thermafil and Guttacore obturation techniques evidenced by scintigraphic analysis

This study compared root canal sealing ability, filled by Continuous Wave compaction and two carrier-based obturation systems, using the nuclear medicine approach. Fifty-five single-rooted extracted teeth were selected. The crowns were sectioned and each tooth was instrumented using rotary Protaper® Universal system. The roots were divided into 3 experimental groups and two control groups. Forty-five root canals were filled, using Continuous Wave, GuttaCore or Thermafil system and TopSeal sealer. Ten teeth were used as control. On the 7th days the apices were submersed in a solution of sodium pertechnetate 99mTc for 3 hours and the radioactivity was counted. Although apical leakage in the Continuous Wave group was lower compared with GuttaCore and Thermafil groups, there was no statistical difference (p>0.05). System B, GuttaCore and Thermafil techniques showed a similar sealing effect

Polyethyleneiminomethyl phosphonic acid (PEI-MP) radiolabeled with technetium-99m as a potential new radiopharmaceutical for diagnosis of bladder cancer

Introduction: The polymer PEI-MP (polyethyleneiminomethyl phosphonic acid) might be labelled with 99mTc. It was initially synthesized for palliative therapy of bone metastases after convenient radiolabelling, however in biodistribution studies performed with different PEI-MP/radionuclides, was obvious that the bladder wall was a target organ [1-3], demonstrating a certain selectivity to bladder cells, and so, to bladder cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 99mTc-PEI-MP for diagnosis of bladder carcinoma, evaluating in vitro and in vivo the biokinetics and biodistribution of 99mTc-PEI-M

Dental caries and bacterial load in saliva and dental biofilm of type 1 diabetics on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

Objectives: Since most of the studies evaluates diabetics on multiple daily injections therapy and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion may help gain better metabolic control and prevent complications, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries, the unstimulated salivary flow rate and the total bacteria load, Streptococcus spp. levels and Lactobacillus spp. levels in saliva and supragingival dental biofilm of type 1 diabetics on insulin pump. Material and Methods: Sixty patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump and 60 nondiabetic individuals were included. The dental caries evaluation was performed using ICDAS and the oral hygiene was assessed according to Greene and Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Unstimulated saliva and supragingival dental biofilm were collected. Total bacteria, Streptococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. was quantified by qPCR. Results:Patients with type 1 diabetes had a higher prevalence of dental caries and filled and missing teeth when compared with the control group. These patients were associated with more risk factors for the development of dental caries, namely a lower unstimulated salivary flow rate and a higher bacterial load in saliva and dental biofilm. Conclusion: Some risk factors related to dental caries were associated with type 1 diabetics. An early diagnosis combined with the evaluation of the risk profile of the diabetic patient is imperative, allowing the dental caries to be analyzed through a perspective of prevention and the patient to be integrated into an individualized oral health program