CXCR3/CXCL10 expression in the synovium of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

The accumulation of T cells in the synovial membrane is the crucial step in the pathophysiology of the inflammatory processes characterizing juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In this study, we evaluated the expression and the pathogenetic role in oligoarticular JIA of a CXC chemokine involved in the directional migration of activated T cells, i.e. IFNγ-inducible protein 10 (CXCL10) and its receptor, CXCR3. Immunochemistry with an antihuman CXCL10 showed that synovial macrophages, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells bear the chemokine. By flow cytometry and immunochemistry, it has been shown that CXCR3 is expressed at high density by virtually all T lymphocytes isolated from synovial fluid (SF) and infiltrating the synovial membrane. Particularly strongly stained CXCR3(+ )T cells can be observed close to the luminal space and in the perivascular area. Furthermore, densitometric analysis has revealed that the mRNA levels for CXCR3 are significantly higher in JIA patients than in controls. T cells purified from SF exhibit a definite migratory capability in response to CXCL10. Furthermore, SF exerts significant chemotactic activity on the CXCR3(+ )T-cell line, and this activity is inhibited by the addition of an anti-CXCL10 neutralizing antibody. Taken together, these data suggest that CXCR3/CXCL10 interactions are involved in the pathophysiology of JIA-associated inflammatory processes, regulating both the activation of T cells and their recruitment into the inflamed synovium

Perfil dos atendimentos a crianças e adolescentes vítimas de causas externas de morbimortalidade, 2000-2006

As causas externas constituem importantes fatores de morbimortalidade infantil e de incapacitações permanentes em todo o mundo. Estudo descritivo, de natureza quantitativa que objetivou caracterizar os atendimentos a crianças e adolescentes, na faixa etária de zero a 19 anos, vítimas de causas externas de morbimortalidade em um hospital universitário do interior de São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2006. Constatou-se no período estudado 6.302 atendimentos, sendo que a maioria dos casos registrados ocorreu entre adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos, no sexo masculino, entre sábado e segunda-feira e das 19 à zero hora. O principal diagnóstico de causa externa foram os acidentes de transporte, seguidos das agressões. Conclui-se que é de fundamental importância o papel da enfermagem na atenção aos acidentes, violências e agressões junto às famílias e comunidade, contribuindo para o planejamento e desenvolvimentos de ações preventivas e assistenciais

SÉCULO XXI: UMA NOVA ERA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO XXI CENTURY: A NEW AGE TO EDUCATION

Após um longo período de espera chegamos ao tão desejado século XXI, uma nova era é consolidada, a era das tecnologias da informação e da comunicação. De acordo com Gutierrez, o atual contexto sócio, político econômico e cultural, globalizado e informatizado é caracterizado pela abertura, interatividade e complexidade, portanto, os processos pedagógicos devem ser igualmente abertos, dinâmicos e criativos. Pois bem, o espaço de comunicação e cooperação das redes telemáticas é sem dúvida, o ambiente que parece ter sido criado sob medida, como prolongamento das relações face-a-face, que amplia e enriquece o mundo das relações em sociedade. Portanto, em lugar da oposição entre rede e ser, a educação pode ser o elo que vai construir a historia do encontro de pessoas, sujeitos responsáveis pela elaboração de seu próprio conhecimento. A palavra técnica é de origem grega tictein, que tem como significado - criar – conceber - produzir - dar à luz. E nesta sociedade de informação estamos reaprendendo a conhecer e integrar o ser humano no uso dos diferentes meios tecnológicos. Sabe-se que vivemos na era do imperativo tecnológico, submetemo-nos a cada nova exigência da tecnologia e a escola como instituição educacional está presente nessas mudanças, mas em operação tartaruga, mesmo tendo consciência da importância de uma inovação, as tecnologias oferecem muitas possibilidades que podem trazer benefícios para educadores e educandos, basta para isso, o educador estar preparado para explorar tais recursos da melhor maneira possível, fazendo com que os alunos usufruam também dessas possibilidades em um ambiente em que as relações interpessoais são estruturadas em rede, ou seja, não há uma relação hierárquica vertical

Interactions lake-atmosphere: The ALEX 2014 field campaign and numerical simulations

The ALqueva hydro-meteorological EXperiment, ALEX 2014, was an integrated field campaign with measurements of chemical, physical and biological parameters in water and air at different experimental sites in the region of the Alqueva reservoir, a 250 km2 man made lake, in the southeast of Portugal. The Field campaign took place from June 1 to September 30, 2014 and comprises an Intensive Observation Period (IOP) of three days (22 to 24 July). During the four months, the over water fluxes of momentum, heat and mass (H2O and CO2) were obtained with an integrated Open-Path CO2 /H2O Gas Analyser and 3D Sonic Anemometer, mounted on a floating platform, where radiative fluxes were also measured, as well as the water temperature profile. Eight near surface weather stations were operating in the area and air quality, atmospheric electrical field (Potential Gradient) and radon (222Rn) concentration were continuous monitored. Along this period, in situ measurements, water samples and biological elements were monthly collected from three fixed platforms placed in the lacustrine zone and from selected sites in the margins. During the IOP, radiosondes were launched every tree hours, allowing a characterization of the atmospheric boundary layer and its evolution. In 10 occasions Geigersondes were coupled to the radiosondes in order to obtain the atmospheric ionization profile. The boundary layer was characterized with a Ceilometer and the vertical distribution of O3 and NO2 were obtained from a Spectrometer. A GPS network of 15 GNSS stations was installed in order to map the water vapour. The sky brightnesson the nights of July 24 and 25, was measured using a Sky Quality Meter. The lake-atmosphere interactions and its impact in the boundary layer structure and in the local circulations are studied using data collected during the ALEX 2014 POI together with results from numerical simulations performed with the non-hydrostatic Meso-NH french model

Mid-Term Results of Single-Stage Surgery for Patients with Chronic Osteomyelitis Using Antibiotic-Loaded Resorbable PerOssal® Beads

This retrospective study reports on the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with local debridement combined with PerOssal(& REG;). The diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis was confirmed in all cases and classified according to the Cierny-Mader (C-M) classification. The primary outcome was the eradication of infection at a minimum of one year after surgery. A total of 93 patients (median age: 40 years) were included. The most represented sites were the femur (24, 25.8%) and tibia (52, 55.9%). Twenty-six patients (28.0%) had significant local or systemic comorbidities (C-M Class B hosts). According to anatomic type, 31 cases were type I, 13 type II, 21 type III and 28 type IV. Vancomycin was added to PerOssal(& REG;) in most cases (80, 86.0%). In 24 (25.8%) cases, Vancomycin and Rifampicin were combined. In 32 (34.4%) cases, intraoperative cultures were negative. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 39 (63.9%) patients, and Gram-negative bacteria were isolated in 12 cases. The median follow-up was 21 months (range 12-84). A total of 21 (22.6%) patients developed an infection recurrence (IR) after a median follow-up of 11 months (range: 1-47). PerOssal(& REG;) holds several practical advantages compared to other bone void fillers. Thus, due to its good biocompatibility and sufficient antibiotic release, it represents a viable adjuvant treatment in chronic osteomyelitis

Use of Biological Drugs for Psoriasis: A Drug-Utilization Study Using Tuscan Administrative Databanks

International audienceOur study aims at providing evidence on patterns of use of biologic drugs for psoriasis in Tuscany, Italy. We conducted a drug-utilization study based on administrative databanks of Tuscany (EUPAS45365) from 2011 to 2019. We selected new users of etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, ustekinumab, or secukinumab between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016. We considered subjects with psoriasis and followed subjects until the end of the study period (three years after the first dispensation of biologic drug for psoriasis) or the patient’s death, whichever came first. We censored subjects for pregnancy or neoplasia. For each subject, we defined the state as the weekly coverage of one of the biologic drugs of interest. We then defined the switch as the change from a state to another one. A total of 7062 subjects with a first dispensation of a PSObio drug in the inclusion period was identified, and 1839 (52.9% female, 51.6 mean age) patients were included in the analysis. Among new users of adalimumab (N = 770, 41.9%), one third showed a continuous behaviour whereas the others moved to etanercept and ustekinumab. New users of etanercept (N = 758, 41.2%), had the highest proportion of switchers, with adalimumab most often being the second choice. New users of infliximab (N = 159, 8.6%) experienced the highest proportion of treatment discontinuation. The present study suggests that the majority of patients treated with PSObio drugs do not switch from one active ingredient to another. However, patients who started biological therapy with etanercept had the highest frequency of switching to other PSObio drugs, whereas those who started with secukinumab or ustekinumab had the lowest