Investigation of Fosfomycin and Chloramphenicol Susceptibility of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains

Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most mportant health problems of recent years. Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains have been causing serious problems in many countries including Turkey in recent years. Aim of this study was to detect molecular mechanisms behind the carbapenem resistance in carbapenem-resistant K. pneurnoniae strains isolated from rectal swab samples and investigate the susceptibility of two potentially alternative drugs, fosfornycin, and chloramphenicol

Human papillomavirus prevalence and genotype distribution among Turkish women with or without cervical lesion

Context: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, but the risk is associated with the various HPV genotypes which may be found in women with or without clinical findings. Aims: We aimed to identify HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in women with or without cervical lesions admitted to Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinics of one of the largest private hospitals in Istanbul between 2013 and 2017. Subjects and Methods: In the present study, cervical cytobrush samples collected from 2464 women with different cytological conditions, and investigated for the presence of HPV, and the different genotypes. Results were evaluated based on the HPV positivity in different cytological findings, and ages. Furthermore, distribution of high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) genotypes in different groups was investigated. Results: Among all participants, 1925 (78.1%) was with the normal cytological condition, 354 (14.4%) with ASC-US; 151 (6.1%) with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 34 (1.4%) with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Our results showed that 649 out of 2464 patients (26.3%) were positive, and 1815 (73.7%) were negative for the presence of HPV. Among 649 positive patients, 223 (34.3%) were found positive for more than one genotype. HPV 16 was found the most common HR-HPV type in ASC-US and LSIL whereas HPV 18 was the most common in HSIL. HPV 6 was found the most common LR-HPV type in ASC-US and LSIL whereas HPV 11 was the most common in HSIL. 26.9% of women <50 years old, and 22.3% of women ≥50 years old was positive for HPV. The most common HR-HPV genotype was 16 in both groups with (19%) or without (17%) abnormal cytology. Conclusions: We concluded that HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in women with or without clinical findings is an important predictor of cervical cancer

Investigation of lsepamicin, Chloramphenicol and Minocycline Sensitivity in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the resistance mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), and evaluate the prospective alternative treatment options

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated from Perforated Corneal Ulcers by Culture and Multiplex PCR: An Evaluation in Cases with Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Background: Anaerobic bacteria play an important role in eye infections; however, there is limited epidemiologic data based on the the role of these bacteria in the etiology of keratitis and endophthalmitis. The aim of this research is to determine the prevalence of anaerobic bacteria in perforated corneal ulcers of patients with keratitis and endophthalmitis and to evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibilities

The relationship between bifidobacteria and allergic asthma and/or allergic dermatitis: A prospective study of 0-3 years-old children in Turkey

Bifidobacteria are beneficial bacteria for humans. These bacteria are particularly effective at protecting against infectious diseases and modulating the immune response. It was shown that in newborns, the fecal distribution of the colonizing Bifidobacterium species influences the prevalence of allergic diseases. This study aimed to compare the faecal Bifidobacterium species of allergic children to those of healthy children to detect species level differences in faecal distribution. Stool samples were obtained from 99 children between 0 and 3 years of age whose clinical symptoms and laboratory reports were compatible with atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma. Samples were also obtained from 102 healthy children who were similar to the case group with respect to age and sex. Bifidobacteria were isolated by culture and identified at the genus level by API 20 A. In addition, 7 unique species-specific primers were used for the molecular characterization of bifidobacteria. The McNemar test was used for statistical analyses, and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. Bifidobacterium longum was detected in 11(11.1%) of the allergic children and in 31 (30.3%) of the healthy children