Exceptional human longevity is associated with a specific plasma phenotype of ether lipids

A lipid profile resistant to oxidative damage is an inherent trait associated with animal lifespan. However, there is a lack of lipidomic studies on human longevity. Here we use mass spectrometry based technologies to detect and quantify 137 ether lipids to define a phenotype of healthy humans with exceptional lifespan. Ether lipids were chosen because of their antioxidant properties and ability to modulate oxidative stress. Our results demonstrate that a specific ether lipid signature can be obtained to define the centenarian state. This profile comprises higher level of alkyl forms derived from phosphatidylcholine with shorter number of carbon atoms and double bonds; and decreased content in alkenyl forms from phosphatidylethanolamine with longer chain length and higher double bonds. This compositional pattern suggests that ether lipids from centenarians are more resistant to lipid peroxidation, and that ether lipid signature expresses an optimized feature associated with exceptional human longevity. These results are in keeping with the free radical theory of aging.We acknowledge funding from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (ref. SAF2013–44663-R), and from the ‘Red Tematica de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad’ (RETICEF) (ref. ISCIII2012-RED-43-029) to J.V.; and from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness/Institute of Health Carlos III (ref. PI14/00328), and the Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Department of Health (ref. SLT002/16/00250) and Department of Business and Knowledge (ref. 2017SGR696) to R.P. This study has been co-financed by FEDER funds from the European Union (“Una manera de hacer Europa”). I.P. was supported by a University of Lleida Predoctoral Fellowship. K.H. was supported by a Dementia Australia Research Foundation Scholarship

Quality of goats milk cheese as affected by coating with edible chitosan-essential oil films

[EN] The effectiveness of applying chitosan coatings containing rosemary and oregano essential oils to cheeses was analysed. Cheeses were coated by immersing the samples two or three times successively in the different formulations. The ripening indexes, water loss, fungal growth and sensory properties of the coated and noncoated cheeses throughout ripening were evaluated. The coatings both prevented weight loss and improved the microbial safety. The lipolytic and proteolytic activities were reduced in coated cheese, which is in line with the antimicrobial effect of active coatings. Sensory evaluation revealed that the cheeses double-coated with chitosan oregano oil were the best evaluated in terms of aroma and flavour.The authors wish to acknowledge the financing of the project by the Program of Support for Research and Development (PAID-05-12) of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Cano Embuena, AI.; Cháfer Nácher, MT.; Chiralt, A.; Molina Pons, MP.; Borràs Llopis, M.; Beltrán Martínez, MC.; González Martínez, MC. (2017). Quality of goats milk cheese as affected by coating with edible chitosan-essential oil films. International Journal of Dairy Technology. 70(1):68-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.12306S6876701Aenor 1979 UNE 87-004-79: Sensory Analysis: A guide for the installation of a test roomAguirre, A., Borneo, R., & León, A. E. (2013). Antimicrobial, mechanical and barrier properties of triticale protein films incorporated with oregano essential oil. Food Bioscience, 1, 2-9. doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2012.12.001Bonilla, J., Talón, E., Atarés, L., Vargas, M., & Chiralt, A. (2013). Effect of the incorporation of antioxidants on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of wheat starch–chitosan films. Journal of Food Engineering, 118(3), 271-278. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.04.008Cerqueira, M. A., Lima, A. M., Souza, B. W. S., Teixeira, J. A., Moreira, R. A., & Vicente, A. A. (2009). Functional Polysaccharides as Edible Coatings for Cheese. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(4), 1456-1462. doi:10.1021/jf802726dCerqueira, M. A., Sousa-Gallagher, M. J., Macedo, I., Rodriguez-Aguilera, R., Souza, B. W. S., Teixeira, J. A., & Vicente, A. A. (2010). Use of galactomannan edible coating application and storage temperature for prolonging shelf-life of «Regional» cheese. Journal of Food Engineering, 97(1), 87-94. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.09.019Chen, J. H., & Hotchkiss, J. H. (1993). Growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium sporogenes in Cottage Cheese in Modified Atmosphere Packaging. Journal of Dairy Science, 76(4), 972-977. doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77424-xCODEX STANDARD 2013 Codex General Standard for CheeseConselleria d'Agricultura, Pesca i Alimentació Conselleria de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación 2008 ORDER of 23th of december of 2008. CVConte, A., Gammariello, D., Di Giulio, S., Attanasio, M., & Del Nobile, M. A. (2009). Active coating and modified-atmosphere packaging to extend the shelf life of Fior di Latte cheese. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(3), 887-894. doi:10.3168/jds.2008-1500Duan, J., Park, S.-I., Daeschel, M. A., & Zhao, Y. (2007). Antimicrobial Chitosan-Lysozyme (CL) Films and Coatings for Enhancing Microbial Safety of Mozzarella Cheese. Journal of Food Science, 72(9), M355-M362. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00556.xEck A 1990 The cheese. Technique and documentationFajardo, P., Martins, J. T., Fuciños, C., Pastrana, L., Teixeira, J. A., & Vicente, A. A. (2010). Evaluation of a chitosan-based edible film as carrier of natamycin to improve the storability of Saloio cheese. Journal of Food Engineering, 101(4), 349-356. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.06.029Folkertsma, B., & Fox, P. F. (1992). Use of the Cd-ninhydrin reagent to assess proteolysis in cheese during ripening. Journal of Dairy Research, 59(2), 217-224. doi:10.1017/s0022029900030466Gonzalez, C., Fuentes, C., Andrés, A., Chiralt, A., & Fito, P. (1999). Effectiveness of vacuum impregnation brining of Manchego-type curd. International Dairy Journal, 9(2), 143-148. doi:10.1016/s0958-6946(99)00035-7Gripon, J. C. (1993). Mould-Ripened Cheeses. Cheese: Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology, 111-136. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2648-3_4Hocking, A. D. (2014). SPOILAGE PROBLEMS | Problems Caused by Fungi. Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, 471-481. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-384730-0.00315-3Kampf, N., & Nussinovitch, A. (2000). Hydrocolloid coating of cheeses. Food Hydrocolloids, 14(6), 531-537. doi:10.1016/s0268-005x(00)00033-3Lambert, R. J. W., Skandamis, P. N., Coote, P. J., & Nychas, G.-J. E. (2001). A study of the minimum inhibitory concentration and mode of action of oregano essential oil, thymol and carvacrol. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 91(3), 453-462. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01428.xLIEWEN, M. B., & MARTH, E. H. (1985). Growth and Inhibition of Microorganisms in the Presence of Sorbic Acid: A Review. Journal of Food Protection, 48(4), 364-375. doi:10.4315/0362-028x-48.4.364Mannheim, C. H., & Soffer, T. (1996). Shelf-life Extension of Cottage Cheese by Modified Atmosphere Packaging. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 29(8), 767-771. doi:10.1006/fstl.1996.0120Mastromatteo, M., Conte, A., Faccia, M., Del Nobile, M. A., & Zambrini, A. V. (2014). Combined effect of active coating and modified atmosphere packaging on prolonging the shelf life of low-moisture Mozzarella cheese. Journal of Dairy Science, 97(1), 36-45. doi:10.3168/jds.2013-6999Nuñez, M., García-Aser, C., Rodríguez-Martin, M. A., Medina, M., & Gaya, P. (1986). The effect of ripening and cooking temperatures on proteolysis and lipolysis in Manchego cheese. Food Chemistry, 21(2), 115-123. doi:10.1016/0308-8146(86)90156-1Owolarafe, O. K., Olabige, T. M., & Faborode, M. O. (2007). Macro-structural characterisation of palm fruit at different processing conditions. Journal of Food Engineering, 79(1), 31-36. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.01.024Ramos, Ó. L., Pereira, J. O., Silva, S. I., Fernandes, J. C., Franco, M. I., Lopes-da-Silva, J. A., … Malcata, F. X. (2012). Evaluation of antimicrobial edible coatings from a whey protein isolate base to improve the shelf life of cheese. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(11), 6282-6292. doi:10.3168/jds.2012-5478Sánchez-González, L., González-Martínez, C., Chiralt, A., & Cháfer, M. (2010). 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Strategies to reengage patients lost to follow up in HIV care in high income countries, a scoping review

Background: Despite remarkable achievements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), losses to follow-up (LTFU) might prevent the long-term success of HIV treatment and might delay the achievement of the 90-90-90 objectives. This scoping review is aimed at the description and analysis of the strategies used in high-income countries to reengage LTFU in HIV care, their implementation and impact. Methods: A scoping review was done following Arksey & O'Malley's methodological framework and recommendations from Joanna Briggs Institute. Peer reviewed articles were searched for in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science; and grey literature was searched for in Google and other sources of information. Documents were charted according to the information presented on LTFU, the reengagement procedures used in HIV units in high-income countries, published during the last 15 years. In addition, bibliographies of chosen articles were reviewed for additional articles. Results: Twenty-eight documents were finally included, over 80% of them published in the United States later than 2015. Database searches, phone calls and/or mail contacts were the most common strategies used to locate and track LTFU, while motivational interviews and strengths-based techniques were used most often during reengagement visits. Outcomes like tracing activities efficacy, rates of reengagement and viral load reduction were reported as outcome measures. Conclusions: This review shows a recent and growing trend in developing and implementing patient reengagement strategies in HIV care. However, most of these strategies have been implemented in the United States and little information is available for other high-income countries. The procedures used to trace and contact LTFU are similar across reviewed studies, but their impact and sustainability are widely different depending on the country studied

Optometría : manual de exámenes clínicos

Este texto de exámenes clínicos optométricos ha sido desarrollado en forma de manual para poder ser consultado de forma rápida y sencilla durante la práctica de la optometría. Asimismo, también puede servir de guía para aquellos que se inician en esta profesión.2a e

Visión binocular : diagnóstico y tratamiento

Este libro está dirigido a todos los profesionales del campo de la optometría que quieran profundizar en la visión binocular. También está indicado para los alumnos de tercer curso de Optometría, tanto en asignaturas troncales como optativas. Sus contenidos están divididos en capítulos que pueden ser leídos de forma independiente, aunque es recomendable comprender el presente texto como una unidad. Su estructura abarca desde las disfunciones binoculares más frecuentes al estrabismo, la ambliopía y la optometría pediátrica, pasando por las diversas opciones de tratamiento, incluida la terapia visual