Light-matter decoupling and A2 term detection in superconducting circuits

APS March Meeting 2015, San Antonio, Texas, March 2–6, 2015We study the spontaneous emission of a qubit interacting with a one-dimensional waveguide through a realistic minimal-coupling interaction. We show that the diamagnetic term A2 leads to an effective decoupling of a single qubit from the electromagnetic field. This effect is observable at any range of qubit-photon couplings. For this we study a setup consisting of a transmon that is suspended over a transmission line. Assuming a standard model of qubit-line interaction, we prove that the relative strength of the A2 term is controlled with the qubit-line separation and show that, as a consequence, the spontaneous emission rate of the suspended transmon onto the line can increase with such separation, instead of decreasing.Peer Reviewe

Light-matter decoupling and A2A^2 term detection in superconducting circuits

We study the spontaneous emission of a qubit interacting with a one-dimensional waveguide through a realistic minimal-coupling interaction. We show that the diamagnetic term $A^2$ leads to an effective decoupling of a single qubit from the electromagnetic field. This effects is observable at any range of qubit-photon couplings. For this we study a setup consisting of a transmon that is suspended over a transmission line. We prove that the relative strength of the $A^2$ term is controlled with the qubit-line separation and show that, as a consequence, the spontaneous emission rate of the suspended transmon onto the line can increase with such separation, instead of decreasing.Comment: 5 pages,4 figure

Lithography parametric yield estimation model to predict layout pattern distortions with a reduced set of lithography simulations

A lithography parametric yield estimation model is presented to evaluate the lithography distortion in a printed layout due to lithography hotspots. The aim of the proposed yield model is to provide a new metric that enables the possibility to objectively compare the lithography quality of different layout design implementations. Moreover, we propose a pattern construct classifier to reduce the set of lithography simulations necessary to estimate the litho degradation. The application of the yield model is demonstrated for different layout configurations showing that a certain degree of layout regularity improves the parametric yield and increases the number of good dies per wafer. (C) 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft

Integrative Neuromuscular Training in Young Athletes, Injury Prevention, and Performance Optimization: A Systematic Review

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the current evidence by assessing the effectiveness of integrative neuromuscular training programs in injury prevention and sports performance in young athletes. Different data sources were analyzed up to January 2018. Eligible studiescontainedinformationonpopulation(youngathletes), intervention (neuromusculartraining), comparator (control group or another exercise intervention), outcomes (injury prevention or sport performance), and study design (randomized trials or prospective studies). The trials were restricted basedonthelanguage(English)andforpublicationdate(after1January2007). Fourteenrandomized controlled trials were included: Seven included dynamic stability-related outcomes. Three assessed the coordination performing fundamental movements and sport-specific skills, while other five studies analyzed muscle strength and two assessed plyometric tests. Agility was evaluated in three studiesandspeedtestswerealsoconsideredbyfourstudies. Finally,fatigueresistanceinthreestudies and injury risk in four were assessed. This review provides evidence that integrative neuromuscular training programs can enhance performance and injury prevention in young athletes, taken into account that adherence to the training program is adequate. Collectively, well-designed, randomized studies are necessary to collaborate with the present findings

Enhancing methane production from the invasive macroalga Rugulopteryx okamurae through anaerobic co-digestion with olive mill solid waste: process performance and kinetic analysis

The biomass valorisation of the invasive brown alga Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) is key to curbing the expansion of this invasive macroalga which is generating tonnes of biomass on southern Spain beaches. As a feasible alternative for the biomass management, anaerobic co-digestion is proposed in this study. Although the anaerobic digestion of macroalgae barely produced 177 mL of CH4 g−1 VS, the co-digestion with a C-rich substrate, such as the olive mill solid waste (OMSW, the main waste derived from the two-phase olive oil manufacturing process), improved the anaerobic digestion process. The mixture improved not only the methane yield, but also its biodegradability. The highest biodegradability was found in the mixture 1 R. okamurae—1 OMSW, which improved the biodegradability of the macroalgae by 12.9% and 38.1% for the OMSW. The highest methane yield was observed for the mixture 1 R. okamurae—3 OMSW, improving the methane production of macroalgae alone by 157% and the OMSW methane production by 8.6%. Two mathematical models were used to fit the experimental data of methane production time with the aim of assessing the processes and obtaining the kinetic constants of the anaerobic co-digestion of different combination of R. okamurae and OMSW and both substrates independently. First-order kinetic and the transference function models allowed for appropriately fitting the experimental results of methane production with digestion time. The specific rate constant, k (first-order model) for the mixture 1 R. okamurae- 1.5 OMSW, was 5.1 and 1.3 times higher than that obtained for the mono-digestion of single OMSW and the macroalga, respectively. In the same way, the transference function model revealed that the maximum methane production rate (Rmax) was also found for the mixture 1 R. okamurae—1.5 OMSW (30.4 mL CH4 g−1 VS day−1), which was 1.6 and 2.2 times higher than the corresponding to the mono-digestions of the single OMSW and sole R. okamurae (18.9 and 13.6 mL CH4 g−1 VS day−1), respectively.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2020-114975RB-10

Wittgenstein y Cusicanqui. Terapia decolonial y pedagogía gris

Nos encontramos, en la mayoría de los casos, ante aulas colmadas de diversidad cultural. ¿Qué hacer ante tal contingencia?; ¿qué actitud como docentes es las más conveniente ante estos casos? Tratar de responder a estas preguntas es el propósito del presente trabajo. Para ello vamos a recurrir a una estrategia decolonial sirviéndonos de dos herramientas filosóficas: Ludwig Wittgenstein y Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui. Efectivamente, tenemos delante nuestro a un pensador y una pensadora alejados en el tiempo y de corrientes filosóficas bien lejanas. Una lejanía que se tornará en cercanía por medio de un elemento que les es común y que, en cambio, articulan de forma diferente: el pensamiento decolonial. Un pensamiento que, creemos, nos lleva a practicar una pedagogía inclusiva y radicalmente democrática. Como decimos, acercaremos posiciones lejanas, buscando siempre dejar espacio a ambas, porque de eso trata precisamente esta investigación: de cómo dar espacio a nuestros lugares comunes llenos de diferencia cultural; espacios que nos son cercanos y lejanos a un mismo tiempo. Es decir, cómo educar aquello que nos es tan diferente y tan parecido, sin acabar dominándolo por medio de un fundamento homogeneizante. A saber, cómo ser docente ante esa alteridad y esas formas de vida tan diversas.<br /

Distribution and Outcomes of a Phenotype- Based Approach to Guide COPD Management: Results from the CHAIN Cohort

Rationale The Spanish guideline for COPD (GesEPOC) recommends COPD treatment according to four clinical phenotypes: non-exacerbator phenotype with either chronic bronchitis or emphy- sema (NE), asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), frequent exacerbator phenotype with emphysema (FEE) or frequent exacerbator phenotype with chronic bronchitis (FECB). How- ever, little is known on the distribution and outcomes of the four suggested phenotypes. Objective We aimed to determine the distribution of these COPD phenotypes, and their relation with one-year clinical outcomes. Methods We followed a cohort of well-characterized patients with COPD up to one-year. Baseline characteristics, health status (CAT), BODE index, rate of exacerbations and mortality up to one year of follow-up were compared between the four phenotypes. Results Overall, 831 stable COPD patients were evaluated. They were distributed as NE, 550 (66.2%); ACOS, 125 (15.0%); FEE, 38 (4.6%); and FECB, 99 (11.9%); additionally 19 (2.3%) COPD patients with frequent exacerbations did not fulfill the criteria for neither FEE nor FECB. At baseline, there were significant differences in symptoms, FEV 1 and BODE index (all p<0.05). The FECB phenotype had the highest CAT score (17.1±8.2, p<0.05 compared to the other phenotypes). Frequent exacerbator groups (FEE and FECB) were receiving more pharmacological treatment at baseline, and also experienced more exacer- bations the year after (all p<0.05) with no differences in one-year mortality. Most of NE (93%) and half of exacerbators were stable after one year. Conclusions There is an uneven distribution of COPD phenotypes in stable COPD patients, with signifi- cant differences in demographics, patient-centered outcomes and health care resources use

Mobile clinical decision support systems and applications: a literature and commercial review

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-013-0004-y[EN] Background: The latest advances in eHealth and mHealth have propitiated the rapidly creation and expansion of mobile applications for health care. One of these types of applications are the clinical decision support systems, which nowadays are being implemented in mobile apps to facilitate the access to health care professionals in their daily clinical decisions. Objective: The aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, to make a review of the current systems available in the literature and in commercial stores. Secondly, to analyze a sample of applications in order to obtain some conclusions and recommendations. Methods: Two reviews have been done: a literature review on Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Web of Knowledge and PubMed and a commercial review on Google play and the App Store. Five applications from each review have been selected to develop an in-depth analysis and to obtain more information about the mobile clinical decision support systems. Results: 92 relevant papers and 192 commercial apps were found. 44 papers were focused only on mobile clinical decision support systems. 171 apps were available on Google play and 21 on the App Store. The apps are designed for general medicine and 37 different specialties, with some features common in all of them despite of the different medical fields objective. Conclusions: The number of mobile clinical decision support applications and their inclusion in clinical practices has risen in the last years. However, developers must be careful with their interface or the easiness of use, which can impoverish the experience of the users.This research has been partially supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain. This research has been partially supported by the ICT-248765 EU-FP7 Project. 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Determinants of blood eosinophil levels in the general population and patients with COPD: a population-based, epidemiological study

Epidemiology; Computed tomography; BiomarkersEpidemiología; Tomografía computarizada; BiomarcadoresEpidemiologia; Tomografia computada; BiomarcadorsBackground Blood eosinophils are considered a biomarker for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Population-based studies are needed to better understand the determinants of the blood eosinophil count (BEC) in individuals with and without COPD. Methods EPISCAN II is a multicentre, cross-sectional, population-based epidemiological study aimed at investigating the prevalence and determinants of COPD in Spain. Study subjects were randomly selected from the general population, and COPD was defined by a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7. For the pre-specified outcomes related to BEC, the first 35 COPD and 35 non-COPD subjects were consecutively recruited in 12 of the participating centres with the objective of analysing 400 individuals in each group. Baseline BEC and its association with demographic, clinical and functional variables were analysed. Results A total of 326 COPD and 399 non-COPD subjects were included in the analysis. The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 63.2 years (11.0), 46.3% were male, and 27.6% were active smokers. BEC was significantly higher in individuals with COPD [192 cells/μL (SD: 125) vs. 160 cells/μL (SD: 114); p = 0.0003]. In a stepwise multivariate model, being male, active smoker and having a previous diagnosis of asthma were independently associated with having a higher BEC. Conclusions This population-based study estimated the distribution of eosinophils in the healthy adult population and concluded that COPD patients have a significantly higher BEC. Male sex, active smoking and concomitant asthma were significantly associated with a higher BEC.The EPI SCAN II study was funded by an unrestricted grant from GlaxoSmithKline