Representações sociais de imigração e imigrantes em mídia espanhola, italiana e portuguesa

Referenciando-se na Teoria das Representações Sociais, o estudo objetivou conhecer e analisar as representações sociais de imigração e de imigrantes em jornais de três países europeus: em Portugal, Correio da Manhã; na Espanha, El Mundo; e na Itália, La Repubblica. O banco de dados foi criado considerando apenas as 508 notícias que se referiam ao contexto de migração no território europeu. Os dados foram tratados por meio da análise lexical através do software Alceste. Os resultados apontaram que as representações sociais a respeito da imigração e do imigrante apresentam ambiguidades quando se referem ao sujeito imigrante como necessário à mão de obra dos países, ao mesmo tempo em que julgam os processos migratórios como responsáveis pela desordem social. Esta composição orienta práticas que legitimam a atribuição de elementos negativos, que demarcam a fronteira interna e externa do grupo hegemônico europeu em relação ao grupo migrante.Based on the Theory of Social Representations, this study aimed to identify and analyze the social representations of immigration and immigrants in three European countries' newspapers: in Portugal, Correio da Manhã; in Spain, El Mundo and in Italy, La Repubblica. The database was created considering only the news that referred to the context of migration in Europe. The data were analyzed through lexical analysis via Alceste software. The results show that social representations of immigration and immigrants are ambiguous when referring to the immigrants as necessary to the labor context at those countries at the same time that judge the immigration processes as guilt for the social disorder. This composition guides practices that legitimize negative elements, which distinguish the European hegemonic group's internal and external border from the migrant group.Referenciando-se na Teoria das Representações Sociais, o estudo objetivou conhecer e analisar as representações sociais de imigração e de imigrantes em jornais de três países europeus: em Portugal, Correio da Manhã; na Espanha, El Mundo; e na Itália, La Repubblica. O banco de dados foi criado considerando apenas as 508 notícias que se referiam ao contexto de migração no território europeu. Os dados foram tratados por meio da análise lexical através do software Alceste. Os resultados apontaram que as representações sociais a respeito da imigração e do imigrante apresentam ambiguidades quando se referem ao sujeito imigrante como necessário à mão de obra dos países, ao mesmo tempo em que julgam os processos migratórios como responsáveis pela desordem social. Esta composição orienta práticas que legitimam a atribuição de elementos negativos, que demarcam a fronteira interna e externa do grupo hegemônico europeu em relação ao grupo migrante.Referenciando-se na Teoria das Representações Sociais, o estudo objetivou conhecer e analisar as representações sociais de imigração e de imigrantes em jornais de três países europeus: em Portugal, Correio da Manhã; na Espanha, El Mundo; e na Itália, La Repubblica. O banco de dados foi criado considerando apenas as 508 notícias que se referiam ao contexto de migração no território europeu. Os dados foram tratados por meio da análise lexical através do software Alceste. Os resultados apontaram que as representações sociais a respeito da imigração e do imigrante apresentam ambiguidades quando se referem ao sujeito imigrante como necessário à mão de obra dos países, ao mesmo tempo em que julgam os processos migratórios como responsáveis pela desordem social. Esta composição orienta práticas que legitimam a atribuição de elementos negativos, que demarcam a fronteira interna e externa do grupo hegemônico europeu em relação ao grupo migrante

Self-Injurious Behaviour in SCA17: A New Clinical Observation

Background: Self-injurious behaviour has historically been associated with borderline personality disorder. Nevertheless, over recent years, it has been reported in numerous neurological syndromes, especially hyperkinesias. Case report: Two cases of SCA17 manifested self-injurious behaviour, namely repetitive scratching of the skin resulting in severe excoriations. In one of them, the abnormal behaviour was associated with the inability to resist the impulse to commit the act along with relief following the damage. Discussion: This is the first report describing self-injurious behaviour in SCA17, but the mechanisms underlying it are still not clear. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiology of such manifestation in hyperkinetic syndromes

Omental infarction in children misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis

Omental infarction (OI) is a rare cause of acute abdomen in children. It is found in  0.1–0.5% of pediatric patients undergoing abdominal exploration for the suspect of  acute appendicitis. OI is considered a self-limited entity, and conservative management should be considered. This approach implicates computer tomography scan radiation exposure, prolonged hospitalization, and prolonged analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapy. In contrast, surgery allows immediate pain resolution with low complication rate. We present our experience with two cases of pediatric acute abdomen due to OI, misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis, which were successfully treated surgically.Keywords: acute abdomen, acute appendicitis, omental infarction, pediatri

«Maneggiare con cura». Un rapporto sulla redazione delle Buone pratiche per la storia orale

Nell’aprile 2014 l’Associazione italiana di storia orale (Aiso) diede incarico a una commissione – composta da sette storici e storiche, due giuristi e uno studioso di archivistica – di definire le "linee guida" per la pratica della storia orale. I lavori sono durati venti mesi e hanno portato all’approvazione nel novembre 2015 di un testo chiamato “Buone pratiche per la storia orale”, che rappresenta il primo documento prodotto dalla comunità scientifica degli storici italiani teso a sciogliere i nodi di ordine etico, deontologico e giuridico che chi fa ricerca storica con le fonti orali si trova ad affrontare. In questo articolo, tre componenti del gruppo di lavoro che ha elaborato le “Buone pratiche” richiamano il contesto entro cui questo documento ha visto la luce e ne illustrano le ragioni, i principi ispiratori, i destinatari, la procedura attraverso cui è stato redatto e gli esiti cui si è giunti

Spontaneous gastric rupture in a 22-month-old boy: Case report and review of the literature: The diagnostic work up and management of a rare pediatric emergency

AbstractWe report the case of 22-month-old boy who sustained spontaneous gastric rupture. The patient had an episode of nausea and vomiting after a large meal the day before admission to our emergency ward. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed free and corpuscolate fluid in the abdomen. Abdominal X-ray showed free air in the abdominal cavity, leading to diagnosis of gastrointestinal perforation. Blood examination revealed metabolic acidosis. An emergency laparotomy detected a wide perforation of gastric wall involving fundus and greater curvature. A sleeve gastrectomy was performed with two layers closure of abdominal wall. Idiopathic gastric rupture, beyond neonatal period, is extremely rare in childhood. Early diagnosis and surgery are mandatory to avoid fatal complications

Willingness to pay for one-stop anesthesia in pediatric day surgery

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study assesses the parents' Willingness To Pay (WTP) for One Stop Anesthesia (OSA). OSA is part of a free screening procedure that determines the timing of the anesthesiological assessment. In OSA-positive patients, the preoperative assessment is carried out on the same day as the surgery. The OSA allows patients who have to undergo surgery in a pediatric day surgery to avoid accessing the pre-admission clinic.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>This is a descriptive cohort study. A sample of 106 parents were interviewed directly by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaire builds a hypothetical scenario where the interviewee has a chance to buy the OSA health service with the WTP. The WTP values are distributed in classes and are contingent to the market built in the questionnaire. The Chi Square and Cramer's V tests evaluate the WTP dependence on the parents' place of origin and occupation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The approximate average of the WTP classes is €87.21 per family. The Chi Square test relative to the WTP classes and the places of origin is statistically significant (p < 0.05). The Cramer's V test is 0.347 and points to a positive association between the two demographics. The Cramer's V test of the WTP classes and the types of job is 0.339 and indicates a positive association.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Nearly 90% of pediatric patients who were screened for timing the preoperative assessment are true positives to OSA. This allows doing away with the pre-hospitalization, with definite advantages for the families. This screening is a health service that families would be hypothetically willing to pay.</p

The natural carotenoid crocetin and the synthetic tellurium compound as101 protect the ovary against cyclophosphamide by modulating sirt1 and mitochondrial markers

Cancer therapies are associated with increased infertility risk due to accelerated reproductive aging. Oxidative stress (OS) is a potential mechanism behind ovarian toxicity by cyclophosphamide (CPM), the most ovotoxic anticancer drug. An important sensor of OS is SIRT1, a NAD+-dependent deacetylase which regulates cellular defence and cell fate. This study investigated whether the natural carotenoid crocetin and the synthetic compound AS101 protect the ovary against CPM by modulating SIRT1 and mitochondrial markers. We found that the number of primordial follicles of female CD1 mice receiving crocetin plus CPM increased when compared with CPM alone and similar to AS101, whose protective effects are known. SIRT1 increased in CPM mouse ovaries revealing the occurrence of OS. Similarly, mitochondrial SIRT3 rose, whilst SOD2 and the mitochondrial biogenesis activator PGC1-α decreased, suggesting the occurrence of mitochondrial damage. Crocetin and AS101 administration prevented SIRT1 burst suggesting that preservation of redox balance can help the ovary to counteract ovarian damage by CPM. Decreased SIRT3 and increased SOD2 and PGC1-α in mice receiving crocetin or AS101 prior to CPM provide evidence for mitochondrial protection. Present results improve the knowledge of ovarian damage by CPM and may help to develop interventions for preserving fertility in cancer patients

Linking surface hydrodynamics to planktonic ecosystem: the case study of the ichthyoplanktonic assemblages in the Central Mediterranean Sea

Oceanographic processes play a key role in influencing the structure of the marine planktonic ecosystems. Taking advantage of the quasi-simulta-neous collection of a large ichthyoplanktonic dataset in different regions of the Central Mediterranean Sea (Italian/Maltese, Tunisian and Libyan waters), this study aimed at the identification of the main environ-mental drivers that control the structure of the larval fish assemblages. Spatial distribution and taxa com-position were related to physical forcings (geostrophic currents and wind stress) and environmental condi-tions (bottom depth, temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a concentration). ANOSIM and SIMPER identified contribution of fish taxa to the average Bray–Curtis dissimilarity among regions. In Italian and Libyan waters, two assemblages (neritic and oceanic) were identified, while a mixed assemblage characterized only some stations. Two neritic and one oceanic assemblages were discriminated in Tunisian waters. Random Forest classification model high-lighted the essential role of the bathymetry, while Lagrangian simulations evidenced the action of the hydrodynamics in mixing neritic and oceanic assem-blages in the Italian/Maltese and partially in Libyan waters. These findings highlighted the importance of the multidisciplinary approach and shed light on the potential value of the ichthyoplanktonic surveys for the assessment of the state of the marine ecosystem and the conservation of the fishery resources