2,072 research outputs found
Universal decay law in charged-particle emission and exotic cluster radioactivity
A linear universal decay formula is presented starting from the microscopic
mechanism of the charged-particle emission. It relates the half-lives of
monopole radioactive decays with the -values of the outgoing particles as
well as the masses and charges of the nuclei involved in the decay. This
relation is found to be a generalization of the Geiger-Nuttall law in
radioactivity and explains well all known cluster decays. Predictions on the
most likely emissions of various clusters are presented.Comment: 2 figure
Clustering-based measurement of dependence
A measure of the dependence of a multivariate response variable upon a categorical variable is introduced. Its characteristics are explored via simulations by referring to a specific mixture association model. Inferential aspects are investigated using a permutation test approach. We present preliminary results
Global torques and stochasticity as the drivers of massive black hole pairing in the young Universe
The forthcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will probe the
population of coalescing massive black hole (MBH) binaries up to the onset of
structure formation. Here we simulate the galactic-scale pairing of MBHs in a typical, non-clumpy main-sequence galaxy embedded in a
cosmological environment at . In order to increase our statistical
sample, we adopt a strategy that allows us to follow the evolution of six
secondary MBHs concomitantly. We find that the magnitude of the
dynamical-friction induced torques is significantly smaller than that of the
large-scale, stochastic gravitational torques arising from the perturbed and
morphologically evolving galactic disc, suggesting that the standard dynamical
friction treatment is inadequate for realistic galaxies at high redshift. The
dynamical evolution of MBHs is very stochastic, and a variation in the initial
orbital phase can lead to a drastically different time-scale for the inspiral.
Most remarkably, the development of a galactic bar in the host system either
significantly accelerates the inspiral by dragging a secondary MBH into the
centre, or ultimately hinders the orbital decay by scattering the MBH in the
galaxy outskirts. The latter occurs more rarely, suggesting that galactic bars
overall promote MBH inspiral and binary coalescence. The orbital decay time can
be an order of magnitude shorter than what would be predicted relying on
dynamical friction alone. The stochasticity, and the important role of global
torques, have crucial implications for the rates of MBH coalescences in the
early Universe: both have to be accounted for when making predictions for the
upcoming LISA observatory.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 15 pages, 10 Figures, 2 Table
A rate-independent gradient system in damage coupled with plasticity via structured strains
This contribution deals with a class of models combining isotropic damage with plasticity. It has been inspired by a work by Freddi and Royer-Carfagni [FRC10], including the case where the inelastic part of the strain only evolves in regions where the material is damaged. The evolution both of the damage and of the plastic variable is assumed to be rate-independent. Existence of solutions is established in the abstract energetic framework elaborated by Mielke and coworkers (cf., e.g., [Mie05, Mie11b])
X-Ray Detection of Transient Magnetic Moments Induced by a Spin Current in Cu
We have used a MHz lock-in x-ray spectro-microscopy technique to directly
detect changes of magnetic moments in Cu due to spin injection from an adjacent
Co layer. The elemental and chemical specificity of x-rays allows us to
distinguish two spin current induced effects. We detect the creation of
transient magnetic moments of on Cu atoms
within the bulk of the 28 nm thick Cu film due to spin-accumulation. The moment
value is compared to predictions by Mott's two current model. We also observe
that the hybridization induced existing magnetic moments on Cu interface atoms
are transiently increased by about 10% or .
This reveals the dominance of spin-torque alignment over Joule heat induced
disorder of the interfacial Cu moments during current flow
Critical structure factor in Ising systems
We perform a large-scale Monte Carlo simulation of the three-dimensional
Ising model on simple cubic lattices of size L^3 with L=128 and 256. We
determine the corresponding structure factor (Fourier transform of the
two-point function) and compare it with several approximations and with
experimental results. We also compute the turbidity as a function of the
momentum of the incoming radiation, focusing in particular on the deviations
from the Ornstein-Zernicke expression of Puglielli and Ford.Comment: 16 page
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