An Exploration of the Lives of Young, African American Women with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Compared to other subtypes of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer: TNBC) accounts for a disproportionate number of metastatic cases and cancer deaths. Glaring disparities are present in the occurrence of TNBC, such that those diagnosed are more likely to be African American: prevalence of 26% vs. 16% in non-African Americans) and premenopausal: 24% vs. 15% postmenopausal). A critical factor to consider regarding the disparities associated with TNBC is the evidence documenting the link between psychosocial stress over the life course and the occurrence of large, aggressive tumors that are characteristic of this subtype. Because issues such as crime, isolation, stress, discrimination, and other factors associated with poverty have been found to significantly affect etiology of breast cancer among young, African American women, it is critical to also consider these issues after diagnosis occurs. Despite the fact that many of these factors impact the etiology of TNBC, little is known about how these factors come into play once the diagnosis has occurred. The present study qualitatively explores the critical biopsychosocial history and current environment of women facing such a diagnosis in order to shed light on the experience of TNBC. Using a grounded theory approach, in-depth, qualitative interviews were conducted with six women with TNBC and with a comparison group of six women with ER+ breast cancer. A prospective, longitudinal design was used with all women in the study to assess change over time and to cultivate prolonged engagement with participants. Data collection occurred in three waves, which corresponded with three critical points of the cancer care trajectory. Findings from this study demonstrate that the following stressors and strengths were unique for women with TNBC as compared to women with ER+ breast cancer: burden carriers throughout the life course, distant/strained relationships with mothers, absent fathers, experiences of sudden, unexpected deaths of loved ones, limited engagement in a spiritual community, limited engagement in neighborhood/community, and young age at time of diagnosis. Findings from these interviews resulted in a preliminary conceptual framework for understanding the contextual lives of women with TNBC, which can assist with guiding the formation of appropriate social work interventions

Asymmetric dimethylarginine–A potential cardiac biomarker in horses

Introduction/objectives Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a cardiac biomarker in humans, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) a renal biomarker in humans, cats, and dogs. The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate if measuring serum ADMA and SDMA concentrations via ELISA allows detection of cardiac disease in horses in a routine laboratory setting. In this context, reference values in horses were established. Animals, materials, and methods Seventy-eight horses with no known medical history were compared to 23 horses with confirmed structural cardiac disease with/or without arrhythmias. Horses underwent physical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography and venous blood sampling and were staged based on the severity of cardiac disease from 0 to II. Asymmetric dimethylarginine and SDMA were measured via ELISA and crosschecked using liquid chromatograph triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Reference intervals with 90th percent confidence intervals were evaluated and standard software was used to test for significant differences in ADMA, SDMA, and the l-arginine/ADMA ratio between groups. Results The reference ranges were 1.7–3.8 μmol/L and 0.3–0.8 μmol/L for ADMA and SDMA, respectively. Serum ADMA was higher in horses with heart disease compared to healthy horses (p < 0.01) and highest in horses with stage II heart disease (p = 0.02). The l-Arginine/ADMA ratio was significantly higher in healthy animals than those with cardiac disease (p = 0.001). Conclusions Reference values for serum ADMA and SDMA using ELISA methods are presented in horses. This study confirms the association between heart disease and increased serum ADMA concentration as well as a decreased l-Arginine/ADMA ratio in horses

The Grizzly, February 26, 2004

The Whites-Only Scholarship Spurs Nationwide Controversy • Harvard Strips Down and Bares all • UC Presents Vagina Monologues Next Week • Spotlight on Kerry and Edwards • In Memory of James C. Wilkes, Jr. • Opinions: Bush\u27s Big Bungle; Do Students Work?; Mel Gibson\u27s The Passion of the Christ: Worth the Controversy?; A Bearable V-Day at Fox and Hound • Men\u27s Basketball Fighting Their Way to the Playoffs • Wrestling Team Dominates the Conference • Grimmel Named ECAC Division III Gymnast of the Year • Letter to the Editors: Sports Coverage Concernshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1555/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 8, 2004

Students Find a New Way to Connect • Democrats Club Active in Upcoming Elections • Ursinus and USGA: Who We Are • The 9/11 Investigation: Rice vs. Clarke • Opinions: Unhappy Happy Hour ; UC Chess Tournament; Dine Like the Irish at Kildare\u27s • Student Spotlight: Sarah Kauffman Exposed • Save the Speaker\u27s House • Pew Lecture: Peter Rose Hypnotizes Students with his Work • Young Nucleus Coming Together for UC Men\u27s Lacrosse • Women\u27s Lacrosse Working to Keep Season Alive • Women\u27s Rugby Hanging in Toughhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1558/thumbnail.jp

Empirical constraints on extrusion mechanisms from the upper margin of an exhumed high-grade orogenic core, Sutlej valley, NW India

The Early–Middle Miocene exhumation of the crystalline core of the Himalaya is a relatively well-understood process compared to the preceding phase of burial and prograde metamorphism in the Eocene–Oligocene. Highly deformed rocks of the Greater Himalayan Sequence (GHS) dominate the crystalline core, and feature a strong metamorphic and structural overprint related to the younger exhumation. The Tethyan Sedimentary Series was tectonically separated from the underlying GHS during the Miocene by the South Tibetan Detachment, and records a protracted and complex history of Cenozoic deformation. Unfortunately these typically low-grade or unmetamorphosed rocks generally yield little quantitative pressure–temperature�time information to accompany this deformation history. In parts of the western Himalaya, however, the basal unit of the Tethyan Sedimentary Series (the Haimanta Group) includes pelites metamorphosed to amphibolite facies. This presents a unique opportunity to explore the tectono-thermal evolution of crystalline rocks which record the early history of the orogen. Pressure–temperature�time–deformation (P–T�t–d) paths modelled for two Haimanta Group pelitic rocks reveal three distinct stages of metamorphism: (1) prograde Barrovian metamorphism to 610–620 °C at c. 7–8 kbars, with garnet growing over an early tectonic fabric (S1); (2) initial decompression during heating to 640–660 °C at c. 6–7 kbars, with development of a pervasive crenulation cleavage (S2) and staurolite and kyanite porphyroblast growth; (3) further exhumation during cooling, with minor retrograde metamorphism and modification of the pervasive S2 fabric. Monazite growth ages constrain the timing of initial garnet growth (> 34 Ma), the start of D2 and maximum burial (c. 30 Ma), and the termination of garnet growth (c. 28 Ma). Muscovite Ar/Ar ages indicate cooling through c. 300 °C at c. 13 Ma, from which we derive an initial exhumation rate of c. 1.3 mm year? 1 for the Haimanta Group. The underlying GHS was exhumed at a rate of 2.2 to 3 mm year? 1 during this time. The difference in exhumation rate between these two units is considered to reflect Early Miocene displacement on the intervening South Tibetan Detachment. Slower exhumation (c. 0.6 mm year? 1) of both units after c. 13 Ma followed the cessation of major displacement on this structure, after which time the Haimanta Group and the GHS were exhumed as one relatively coherent tectonic block

Quantifying ubiquitin dynamics

2019 Fall.Includes bibliographical references.Ubiquitin (Ub) is a small protein that is frequently attached to other proteins as a post-translational modification (PTM) to elicit a new function, cellular localization, or otherwise modulate the activity of the substrate protein. Ub addition and removal serves as a signal for proteasome degradation, regulation of cell division, gene expression, membrane and protein trafficking and signaling in a multitude of stress response mechanisms. Defects in ubiquitination or deubiquitination have been linked to cancer onset and progression, muscle dystrophies, and disorders in inflammation and immunity; these findings further highlight the critical processes regulated by Ub. Due to its high demand, cellular Ub levels are highly regulated, such that the abundance of free Ub is above a threshold enabling new ubiquitination events, a critical part of normal cell function and survival. Due to the high demand on the cellular free Ub pool to supply substrate for thousands of ubiquitination reactions, it is tightly regulated in many ways. Our knowledge of Ub homeostasis has not advanced, likely due to the lack of accurate, sensitive methods for pool quantitation that can be performed routinely. Here, a method is presented that utilizes a high affinity free Ub binding protein to quantify cellular pools of Ub after a series of treatment protocols. The methods can be performed within a day and are amenable to high throughput applications. Using these methods, the Ub pool distributions of cells under conditions such as proteasome inhibitor and heat stress were assessed. However, this assay will only report the steady-state concentration of Ub in each pool; it provides no information about the rate of movement through them. The rates of competing ubiquitination and deubiquitination or degradation reactions determine the steady-state level of every Ub-protein conjugate; however, measurement of the rate of Ub movement these conjugates remains a challenge. Thus, the relative contributions of conjugation and disassembly rates in cellular responses to different signals are rarely known. Moreover, even though the concentration of a particular Ub-protein conjugate may appear unchanged, the flux of Ub through that conjugate might change dramatically. To address these deficits in our understanding of ubiquitination, we have developed a method to label Ub and follow its movement through conjugation pathways that we call SILOW or Stable Isotope Labeling with ¹⁸O-Water. Our method is applicable to both yeast and mammalian cells, does not perturb cellular physiology in any way and can be used with conventional proteomics methods. SILOW permits rapid changes in Ub flux to be evaluated over short times across hundreds of sites within the human cell proteome to reveal the intracellular dynamics of Ub-conjugation in specific Ub-Ub linkages of polyUb compared with Ub-protein linkages of histones

Prise en charge des patients wilsoniens traités par les sels de zinc (intérêt du cuivre échangeable pour le suivi du traitement)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF