6 research outputs found

    Evaluation of gold catalysis in N-acyliminium ion chemistry : application to one-pot synthesis of fused nitrogen-based polycyclic compounds

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    AGrĂące Ă  sa forte carbophilie, l’or est devenu en quelques annĂ©es un mĂ©tal de choix pour la formation de liaisons C-C et C-X (X = O, N, S). Par ailleurs, sa capacitĂ© Ă  activer des hĂ©tĂ©roatomes (aciditĂ© σ-Lewis) a Ă©tĂ© reconnue Ă©galement et justifiĂ©e par de nombreux exemples de transformations de substrats carbonyles, imines, alcools π-activĂ©s et Ă©poxydes. Dans le contexte de la recherche de mĂ©thodes Ă©conomiques et respectueuses de l'environnement dans le domaine de la chimie des ions N-acyliminiums, nous nous sommes intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  la capacitĂ© de l’or Ă  promouvoir la formation des ions N-acyliminiums. Dans une premiĂšre partie de ce travail, nous avons montrĂ© que l'aciditĂ© de type σ-Lewis de sels cationiques d’or (I) et (III) pouvait ĂȘtre exploitĂ©e pour catalyser efficacement la substitution nuclĂ©ophile de divers alcoxy-et acĂ©toxylactames, prĂ©curseurs d’ions N-acyliminiums. La rĂ©action est compatible avec une large gamme de nuclĂ©ophiles, incluant notamment l'allyltrimĂ©thylsilane, les Ă©thers d'Ă©nols silylĂ©s, les arĂšnes et les dĂ©rivĂ©s de mĂ©thylĂšnes actifs. Dans un second temps, les deux caractĂšres carbophile et oxophile des catalyseurs Ă  l’or ont Ă©tĂ© combinĂ©s dans un processus cascade α-amidoalkylation/hydroarylation. Une seconde approche multicatalytique (acide de BrĂžnsted – acide de Lewis) a ensuite Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©e comme alternative pour pallier Ă  certaines limites du systĂšme « tout or ». Ces sĂ©quences rĂ©actionnelles one-pot permettent d’accĂ©der de façon rapide et efficace Ă  un large panel de composĂ©s polycycliques fusionnĂ©s Ă  partir de matiĂšres triviales.AGold catalysts, as soft carbophilic Lewis acids, have rapidly develop and mature to become nowadays an outstanding tool for new C-C and C-X bonds (X = O, S, N) through π-bond activation. Moreover, its σ-Lewis acidity was also acknowledged and exemplified by numerous examples of carbonyl, imine, π-activated alcohol and epoxide activation. As part of our ongoing studies on N-acyliminium ion chemistry, we have been interested in using gold catalysts for N-acyliminium ion generation. First, we have shown that the σ-Lewis acidity of gold(I) and gold(III) could be exploited to efficiently catalyze the nucleophilic substitution reactions of various alkoxy- and acetoxylactams, precursors of N-acyliminium ions. The reaction was found to tolerate a wide range of nucleophiles, including allyltrimethylsilane, silyl enol ethers, arenes as well as active methylene derivatives. Next, gold catalysis was applied to cascade α-amidoalkylation/hydroarylation sequences unifying both the σ- and π-Lewis acid properties of gold complexes. Alternatively, BrĂžnsted acid/Lewis acid multicatalysis approach has been alternatively developed to override some limitations featuring this unprecedented tandem intermolecular Friedel–Crafts/intramolecular hydroarylation sequence. This two complementary and highly efficient cascade sequences enable expedient access to complex fused polycyclic structures from trivial materials

    Kineococcus radiotolerans Dps forms a heteronuclear Mn-Fe ferroxidase center that may explain the Mn-dependent protection against oxidative stress

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    International audienceThe combined use of Tf2NH and L(Au)+X- as a dual or binary catalytic system clearly improves the efficiency and enlarges the scope of the tandem intermolecular Friedel-Crafts α-amidoalkylation/intramolecular hydroarylation sequence, compared to an "all gold" multicatalysis approach. © 2015 American Chemical Society
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