Éditorial

Ce numéro 1 du volume 11 d'Alsic rassemble une sélection d'articles du colloque Epal 2007 (Échanger pour apprendre en ligne : outils, tâches, interactions, multimodalité, corpus) qui s'est déroulé du 7 au 9 juin 2007 à l'université Stendhal – Grenoble 3. Organisé par le laboratoire de Linguistique et didactique des langues étrangères et maternelles (Lidilem), le colloque a accueilli 120 chercheurs venant de 19 pays et de six continents qui ont ainsi pu partager leur expérience d'échanges en l..

Designing for language learning: agency and languaging in hybrid environments

Since the beginning of the 21st Century, we have witnessed a remarkable shift in the ways learning takes place across networks, multiple sites and timescales. As the world changes, language teaching is facing growing pressures to rethink and redesign language learning environments to respond to the demands of the ‘knowledge society’. While new digitally enhanced learning spaces offer new affordances to language teachers and learners, they also increase the complexity of language teaching and learning. Furthermore, it has become evident that the affordances of new tools and spaces for learning are not always realised in formal education. Language teachers, who are willing to embrace new technologies and transform their teaching practice, need to reconceptualize their approach to language, language learning, and language teaching. In this paper, we argue that a renewed focus on design is needed. Following a brief discussion on languaging and agency, we present three educational design models and approaches, namely learning design, designed based research and activity theoretical designs, which are being used to assist course designers and teachers with the design of technology-rich learning environments and activities. We argue that design models rooted in cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) in particular can help us address the challenges briefly outlined above. Drawing on CHAT principles and their applications to design for language teaching and learning, we revisit the design of a Finnish literacy skills course offered to international students at the University of Jyväskylä (Jalkanen & Vaarala 2012a, 2012b, 2013) and its enactment, with a particular focus on the development agency and languaging episodes.peerReviewe

Implication de DICER dans l'ulcération du mélanome chez le porc

Implication de DICER dans l'ulcération du mélanome chez le porc. Séminaire du Département de Génétique Animal

KIT and melanoma predisposition in pigs: sequence variants and association analysis

KIT mutations have been detected in different cancer subtypes, including melanoma. The gene also has been extensively studied in farm animals for its prominent role in coat color. The present work aimed at detecting KIT variants in a porcine model of cutaneous melanoma, the melanoblastoma-bearing Libechov Minipig (MeLiM). By sequencing exons and intron borders, 36 SNPs and one indel were identified. Of 10 coding SNPs, three were non-synonymous mutations, likely to affect the protein conformation. A promising variant, located in exon 19 (p.Val870Ala), was genotyped in a MeLiM × Duroc cross, and an association analysis was conducted on several melanoma-related traits. This variant showed a significant association with melanoma development, tumor ulceration and cutaneous invasion. In conclusion, although the KIT gene would not be a major causal gene for melanoma development in pig, its genetic variation could be influencing this trait

New susceptibility loci for cutaneous melanoma risk and progression revealed using a porcine model

International audienceDespite major advances, it is estimated that a large part of melanoma predisposing genes remains to be discovered. Animal models of spontaneous diseases are valuable tools and experimental crosses can be used to identify and fine-map new susceptibility loci associated with melanoma. We performed a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) of melanoma occurrence and progression (clinical ulceration and presence of metastasis) in a porcine model of spontaneous melanoma, the MeLiM pig. Five loci on chromosomes 2, 5, 7, 8 and 16 showed genome-wide significant associations ( p < 5 × 10 –6 ) with either one of these phenotypes. Suggestive associations ( p < 5 × 10 –5 ) were also found at 16 additional loci. Moreover, comparison of the porcine results to those reported by human melanoma GWAS indicated shared association signals notably at CDKAL1 and TERT loci but also nearby CCND1 , FTO, PLA2G6 and TMEM 38B-RAD23B loci. Extensive search of the literature revealed a potential key role of genes at the identified porcine loci in tumor invasion ( DST , PLEKHA5, CBY1 , LIMK2 and ETV5 ) and immune response modulation ( ETV5 , HERC3 and DICER1 ) of the progression phenotypes. These biological processes are consistent with the clinico-pathological features of MeLiM tumors and can open new routes for future melanoma research in humans

Real-world outcomes after 36 months treatment with ranibizumab 0.5 mg in patients with visual impairment due to diabetic macular edema (BOREAL-DME)

International audienceTo assess the efficacy, safety and follow-up of 36 months treatment with ranibizumab in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in real life setting. Methods This is a prospective phase 4 observational study. Between December 2013 and April 2015, 84 ophthalmologists enrolled a total of 290 adult patients initiating ranibizumab for visual impairment due to diabetic macular edema (DME) and treated them according to their routine practice. The primary outcome (mean change in best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA] after 12 months) was previously reported. Here we present outcomes after 36 months of follow-up for BCVA, change in central subfield thickness (CSFT) and report how participating ophthalmologists treated DME over a 3 year period (number of visits and injections, and evolution of treatment strategy). Results Of the 290 patients enrolled, 187 (64.5%) completed the 36 months of the study (entire cohort). In the entire cohort, 97 patients were treated exclusively with ranibizumab throughout the study and 90 patients switched to other intravitreal treatments. Mean BCVA was 64.2 (20.1) letters, representing a gain of +4.1 (19.9) letters from baseline to Month 36 (M36). CSFT improved over the study, and by M36 had decreased by 127 (138) µm compared to baseline. Over the 36 months of follow-up, patients in the entire cohort paid their ophthalmologists a mean of 30.9 (12.2) visits and had a mean of 7.6 (5.2) any injections Results for quality of life questionnaires NEI-VFQ25 and HUI-3 remained stable throughout the study. Multivariate analysis on the 145 patients with evaluable BCVA data at M36 found that male gender and milder baseline DME characteristics (BCVA ≥59 and CSFT <500 µm) were predictive factors for achieving a BCVA of ≥70 letters at M36. This study did not find any new safety signals, compared to the known profile of ranibizumab. Conclusions Gains in BCVA in this real life study were lower than those observed in randomized clinical trials with ranibizumab, mainly due to under treatment. Safety analysis of ranibizumab did not yield any new safety concerns

CD146 deficiency leads to accelerated atherosclerosis in mice through upregulation of RANTES

International audienc