Информационные интеллектуальные системы и семантический веб

В учебном пособии рассматриваются основные составляющие технологии семантического веба: XML, пространство имен, универсальный идентификатор ресурсов URI, XML Schema, XSL, RDF, RDF Schema и OWL. Особое внимание уделяется использованию DTD и XML Schema, а также модели DOM XML. Материал проиллюстрирован наглядными практическими примерами, разделы включают лабораторные работы. Предназначено для студентов специальностей "Прикладная лингвистика", "Прикладная информатика" и других информационных и компьютерных направлений

Global ocean modeling and state estimation in support of climate research

During the last decade it has become obvious that the ocean circulation shows vigorous variability on a wide range of time and space scales and that the concept of a "sluggish" and slowly varying circulation is rather elusive. Increasing emphasis has to be put, therefore, on observing the rapidly changing ocean state on time scales ranging from weeks to decades and beyond, and on understanding the ocean's response to changing atmospheric forcing conditions. As outlined in various strategy and implementation documents (e.g., the implementation plans of WOCE, AMS, CLIVAR, and GODAE) a combination of the global ocean data sets with a state-of-the-art numerical circulation model is required to interpret the various diverse data sets and to produce the best possible estimates of the time-varying ocean circulation. The mechanism of ocean state estimates is a powerful tool for such a "synthesis" of observations, obtained on very complex space-time pattern, into one dynamically consistent picture of the global time-evolving ocean circulation. This process has much in common with ongoing analysis and reanalysis activities in the atmospheric community. But because the ocean is, and will remain for the foreseeable future, substantially under-sampled, the burden put on the modeling and estimations components is substantially larger than in the atmosphere. Moreover, the smaller dynamical eddy scales which need to be properly parameterized or resolved in ocean model simulations, put stringent requirements on computational resources for ongoing and participated climate research

Contacting domains segregate a lipid transporter from a solute transporter in the malarial host–parasite interface

While membrane contact sites between intracellular organelles are abundant, little is known about the contacts between membranes that delimit extracellular junctions within cells, such as intracellular parasites. Here authors demonstrate the segregation of a lipid transporter from a solute transporter in the malarial host-parasite interface

Engineering and geological features of soils fundamentals buildings and engineering networks of the Dnipro city

The analysis of engineering and geological properties of soils both in the natural state and under the influence of human economic activity is performed in the work. The researches from the point of view of conditions of construction and operation of buildings and constructions of engineering infrastructure of the city of Dnipro are proved. As a result of the analysis of specific geomorphological zones, specific examples of violations of the operation of buildings on subsidence soils, a number of measures are proposed for maintenance and operation of buildings and structures located in areas composed of subsidence soils, on the example of specific areas exposed to past man-made events. An analytical assessment of the ecological catastrophe on the territory of the Topolya 1 railway in 1997 is provided. The paper considers a principled approach to the principles and conditions of operation of buildings and structures on specific subsidence soils of the city of Dnipro.В роботі виконано аналіз інженерно-геологічних властивостей грунтів як в природньому стані, так і під впливом господарської діяльності людини. Доведені дослідження з точки зору умов будівництва і експлуатації будівель та споруд інженерної інфрастуктури міста Дніпро. Внаслідок аналізу конкретних геоморфологічних зон, конкретних прикладів порушень умов експлуатації будівель на просідальних грунтах, пропонується ряд заходів по утриманню і експлуатації будівель і споруд, розташованих на територіях, складених просідальними грунтами, на прикладі конкретних районів, які піддавалися в минулому негативним подіям техногенного характреру. Надається аналітична оцінка екологічної катастрофи на території ж/м "Тополя -1" у 1997 році. В роботі розглядається принциповий підхід до принципів і умов експлуатації будівель і споруд на специфічних просідальних грунтах міста Дніпро

Analysis of a rapid sea ice retreat event in the Bellingshausen Sea

The winter advance of the sea ice edge in the Bellingshausen Sea is frequently interrupted by periods of rapid retreat lasting a few days. The frequency and duration of such events strongly controls the location of the late winter sea ice edge in this sector of the Antarctic. We examine the dynamics and thermodynamics of a retreat event that occurred in May 2001 using data from a drifting buoy array together with diagnostics from a kinematic/thermodynamic ice growth model and a high-resolution (11 km) regional coupled ocean-ice model. During the retreat event, the ice edge retreated by 250 km over 13 days in response to strong and persistent northerly winds associated with a quasi-stationary low-pressure system. Ice motion in the outer part of the pack was convergent and correlated strongly with local wind forcing. By contrast, in the region closer to the coast, ice motion was less well correlated with wind forcing. Model diagnostics indicate that ice thickening resulting from convergence in the outer pack was largely balanced by basal melting. In the outer pack, ice was in a state close to free drift while, closer to the coast, internal ice stresses became significant. The ocean-ice model simulated the characteristics of the retreat event realistically, giving us confidence in the ability of such models to reproduce ice conditions in this sector

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction predicts poor prognosis in patients with mild to moderate tetanus

BACKGROUND: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is present in up to one third of patients with tetanus. The prognostic value of ANS dysfunction is known in severe tetanus but its value is not well established in mild to moderate tetanus. METHODS: Medical records of all patients admitted with tetanus at two academic tertiary care centers in Karachi, Pakistan were reviewed. The demographic, clinical and laboratory data was recorded and analyzed. ANS dysfunction was defined as presence of labile or persistent hypertension or hypotension and sinus tachycardia, tachyarrythmia or bradycardia on EKG. Patients were divided into two groups based on presence of ANS dysfunction (ANS group and non ANS group). Tetanus severity was classified on the basis of Ablett criteria. RESULTS: Ninety six (64 males; 32 females) patients were admitted with the diagnosis over a period of 10 years. ANS group had 31 (32%) patients while non ANS group comprised of 65 (68%) patients. Both groups matched for age, gender, symptom severity, use of tetanus immunoglobulin and antibiotics. Twelve patients in ANS group had mild to moderate tetanus (Ablett I and II) and 19 patients had severe/very severe tetanus (Ablett III and IV). Fifteen (50%) patients in ANS group required ventilation as compared to 28 (45%) in non-ANS group (p = 0.09). Fourteen (47%) patients died in ANS group as compared to 10 (15%) in non ANS group (p= 0.002). Out of those 14 patients died in ANS group, six patients had mild to moderate tetanus and eight patients had severe/ very severe tetanus. Major cause of death was cardiac arrhythmias (13/14; 93%) in ANS group and respiratory arrest (7/10; 70%) in non ANS group. Ten (33%) patients had complete recovery in ANS group while in non ANS group 35(48%) patients had complete recovery (p= 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ANS dysfunction was present in one third of our tetanus population. 40% patients with ANS dysfunction had only mild to moderate tetanus. ANS dysfunction, irrespective of the need of mechanical ventilation or severity of tetanus, predicted poor outcome