Entrepreneurship as a Lifestyle: The role attitude plays in the employment dynamics of workers in the fitness and children's party sectors (Córdoba, Argentina)

Within the framework of our research, the entrepreneur and variations on this concept emerged as a meaningful theme in the statements in interviews, and in the textual-digital material circulated in the recreation and entertainment spaces we surveyed. That is why this paper delves into the actions of the lifestyle through an analysis of the performances and practices of owners and workers in children's party venues and in fitness gyms. The paper's introduction offers a spatial-temporal contextualisation of the political and economic scenario in which the services covered by our case studies were supplied. We go on to present some conceptual plots that we attribute to the entrepreneurial lifestyle and then proceed to examine the cultural and historical dynamics through which these businesses were set up as places for bodily well-being (gyms) and fun (children's party salons) - both things we identify as catering to Argentina's Middle Class. While our approach stresses emerging patterns linking both cases, it also highlights the special factors shaping the symbolic features of each cultural scene. The similarities and differences found between the two cases revealed how a host of entrepreneurs (usually young people) was spawned. These youngsters need certain attitudes and creative skills to pursue their social and financial goals. Entrepreneurship as a lifestyle presupposes certain attitudes.Fil: Landa, Maria Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Blazquez, Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Humanidades; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Cecilia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Humanidades; Argentin

Psychometric Properties of the COVID-19 Pandemic Fatigue Scale: Cross-sectional Online Survey Study

Background: Pandemic fatigue is defined as feelings of demotivation to follow preventive measures against COVID-19, together with decreased trust in government and frequency of information-seeking behaviors. Objective: This study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the COVID-19-specific pandemic fatigue scale according to classical test theory (CTT) and Rasch model approaches in the general Spanish population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in a representative sample of 1018 adults who completed an online survey in November 2020 in the framework of the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO)-Spain project. The assessments included the 6-item COVID-19 Pandemic Fatigue Scale (CPFS) and other COVID-19-related variables: COVID-19 infection, adherence to preventive behaviors, information-seeking behavior, self-efficacy, worry, and cognitive and affective risk perception. Data quality, acceptability, reliability, and validity were analyzed according to CTT, and the fit to the Rasch model, unidimensionality, appropriateness of the response scale, item local independency, reliability (person-separation index [PSI]), and item-person distribution were also calculated. Results: The mean CPFS score was 17.06 (SD 5.04, range 6-30), with higher scores for women, younger participants, participants who never seek information on COVID-19, those who think they would contract a mild disease in case of infection, those with higher level of worry about coronavirus/COVID-19, and those who felt depressed or felt the coronavirus/COVID-19 is spreading slowly (all P<.01). The Cronbach alpha for the CPFS was 0.74. In the confirmatory factor analysis, one factor was identified (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]=.02; comparative fit index [CFI]=.99; χ25=8.06, P=.15). The CPFS showed good fit to the Rasch model (χ 224=42.025, P=.01, PSI=.642), unidimensionality (binomial 95% CI -.005 to .045), and item local independency. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the CPFS has moderate reliability and internal consistency and it is composed of a single dimension. It is a useful tool to ascertain the level of pandemic fatigue in the general population, which may help to guide the communication and information strategies to face the COVID-19 pandemic.The research was funded by the Carlos III Health Institute. The funder had no role in the study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the paper; or decision to submit for publication.S

The socioeconomic gradient in health: The role of intra-household resource allocation

This paper aims to analyse the impact of different household financial regimes on the health status of males and females in a number of European countries. Using the EU-SILC 2010 on intra-household sharing of resources, we find that each member of the couple is worse off if his/her partner has most decision-making responsibilities. Additionally, the presence of children in the household plays a role in the effect that household financial regimens exert on individual self-assessed health, especially among females. We conclude that family arrangements regarding resource allocation and decision-making have important consequences and should be given some attention in the task of identifying individuals predisposed to health problems.Universidad de Málaga Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. ECO2012-33993,and ECO2015-63734-P (MINECO/FEDER) and the Fundación Ramón Areces (Research Project: Determinants of social exclusion and recommendations for combating it

Editorial: Measurement Tools for Clinical Assessment, Characterization and Neurorehabilitation of Parkinson's Disease

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The COSMO-Spain Survey: Three First Rounds of the WHO Behavioral Insights Tool

Objective: To describe changes in knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices (KAP), risk perception, and psychological variables of Spanish population toward the COVID-19 pandemic from July to November 2020. Methods: Three samples, each of one composed by 1,000+ persons aged 18 years or older, were interviewed online in three rounds, every 2 months, from July to November 2020. Results: The level of knowledge on COVID-19 was high in the three rounds, with percentages above 95% of correct answers related to ways of contagion and correct use of face masks. The most accepted measure was the mandatory use of face masks (80-86% of agreement in the three rounds, p = 0.001), followed by the night curfew (63% of agreement). Most participants (>80%) consistently reported using face masks, ventilating spaces, and washing or disinfecting hands. However, risk perception and self-efficacy were low. Worry about losing a loved one, the health system overload and people who do not wear face masks was high (>85% of the samples). The percentage of respondents who felt depressed due to COVID-19 increased from round 1 to round 3 (p = 0.044). Conclusions: Spanish population has a high degree of KAP, but a relatively low risk perception and self-efficacy. These findings can help health authorities to guide containment measures and campaigns addressed to improve preventive practices.This work was funded by Carlos III Health Institute.S

Publishing Linked Data - There is no One-Size-Fits-All Formula

Publishing Linked Data is a process that involves several design decisions and technologies. Although some initial guidelines have been already provided by Linked Data publishers, these are still far from covering all the steps that are necessary (from data source selection to publication) or giving enough details about all these steps, technologies, intermediate products, etc. Furthermore, given the variety of data sources from which Linked Data can be generated, we believe that it is possible to have a single and uni�ed method for publishing Linked Data, but we should rely on di�erent techniques, technologies and tools for particular datasets of a given domain. In this paper we present a general method for publishing Linked Data and the application of the method to cover di�erent sources from di�erent domains

Social relations and health in older people in Spain using SHARE survey data

Introduction: Social relationships (SR) are an important aspect in the healthy ageing process. The study aimed to describe SR in over-50s in Spain and analyse their association with physical/emotional, functional and cognitive/sensory health variables. Methods: The study sample was formed by 5583 people representing the Spanish population aged 50 and over, who participated in the sixth wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The variables were divided into socio-demographic aspects and economic, health and SR aspects represented by the number of friends, family members and satisfaction with social network and the Revised UCLA loneliness scale. The health variables were grouped using a main component analysis. Multiple linear regressions were performed between the health components with socio-demographic and SR variables. Results: 67.26% of respondents said they did not feel lonely. The feeling of loneliness was the variable most closely related to the physical and emotional, functional and cognitive and sensory health components. The main SR variable associated to health components was the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (standardised beta, p < 0.001; p < 0.001; and p < 0.001, respectively). The number of family members in social network SR variable was also associated with the physical/emotional health (β = 0.09, p < 0.001) and cognitive/sensory ability (β = 0.10, p = 0.001) components. Conclusions: The main SR aspect that impacts health status was loneliness. The results of this study suggest the importance of developing public health policies oriented to promoting action on the SR characteristics that enhance older people’s health.This study was funded by the Institute of Health Carlos III through the QASP (PI18CIII/00046), and partially funded by REDISSEC (RD16/0005/0002 and RD16/0001/0005, co-funded by European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund “A way to make Europe”/“Investing in your future”) projects, and the ENCAGEN-CM project (H2019/HUM-5698) funded by the Community of Madrid and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund.S

Análisis de la solución de vía ferroviaria en balasto frente a vía en placa y montaje de superestructura en la línea de alta velocidad Madrid-Zaragoza-Barcelona-frontera francesa. Tramo puente de Ebro-Lleida. La explotación y el mantenimiento de la vía en placa y la vía sobre balasto

[EN] The aim of the Final Project is to do a viability study, both technical and financial, to implement slab track as a replacement to the current track on ballast. The line which we do the study about is the stretch of Puente del Ebro - Lleida of the high speed line Madrid - Zaragoza - Barcelona - French Border built in ballasted track (done by my partner Antonia Mestre last year). The ballasted track, although it has a lower cost of implementation than the slab track, has an expensive maintenance cost that makes the final cost higher than expected. In addition, for high speeds we have the problem of flight of the ballast, which degrades the ballast and creates problems in other elements of the superstructure, which increases the cost of maintenance. Therefore, we will conduct the study to see if we would be able to reduce the costs using slab tracks in order to construct the line. Geotechnical, Topographical and plotted annexes are done together with my colleagues Antonia Mestre and Javier Cases. The geotechnical annex gives us the characteristics of the environment surrounding the track, the information about ground surveys and the geotechnical earthworks. Plotted annex provides the design parameters and the description of the layout. The information provided by annexes is compared with the limits of slab track regulations. Then, we see if we satisfy these requirements or not. In conclusion, the cant is too small for slab track, the embankment is too high and in some cuttings we would need to build berms due to the excess of height. Furthermore, in order to drain any fluids that would be laying on the platform from the slab track, it is necessary to build a drain channel. Later on, we have the description of track maintenance operations, distinguishing between common operations and specific for each type of track. Finally, an approximate budget for economically cost fluctuations over the lifetime of each type of track is performed. It is started with the cost of the construction of the track and, below, maintenance operations required for 25, 50 and 100 years of like of the track are added. It is noted that in 67 years the cost of ballasted track begins to exceed the costs for maintenance in slab track. Finally, slab track would be a good option if we will increase the cant, we will build the drain channel and we are aware that it will begin to be profitable after 67 years since its construction.[CA] L'objectiu del Treball Final de Grau és estudiar la viabilitat, tant en aspectes tècnics com econòmics, per tal d'implantar via en placa com a substitució a la via sobre balast actual. La línia de la qual partim és el tram del Puente del Ebro - Lérida de la línia d'AltaVelocitat Madrid - Zaragoza - Barcelona - Frontera Francesa construida sobre balast (feta per la meua companya Antonia Mestre l'any passat). La via sobre balast, malgrat que té un cost d'implantació inferior a la via en placa, el seu manteniment fa que el cost final siga superior. A més, per a altes velocitats tenim el problema del vol del balast que el degrada i crea problemes en altres elements de la superestructura, augmentant així el cost de manteniment. Per tant, es durà a terme l'estudi per veure si construint la via en placa disminuiriem eixos costos. Es realitza conjuntament amb els meus companys Antonia Mestre i Javier Cases els Annexos geotècnics, de traçat i el topogràfic. L'Annex geotècnic ens dona les característiques del medi que rodeja a la via, la informació dels reconeixements del terreny realitzats i la geotècnia d'obres de terra. L'Annex de traçat ens proporciona els paràmetres de disseny i la descripció del traçat. Les dades proporcionades pels annexos són aquelles amb les quals comparem les dades demandades per les normes per a via en placa, i veure si així disposem d'eixes exigències o no. D'entre el balanç de dades traiem que els peralts són massa xicotets per a via en placa, els terraplens són massa alts i en alguns desmuntes faria falta construir bermes per excés d'altura. I a més, per a via en placa és necessari afegir una rigola de drenatge a la plataforma per a drenar qualsevol líquid que hi haguera sobre la plataforma. Posteriorment, es descriuen els procediments de manteniment de les vies, diferenciant entre les operacions comuns i les específiques de cada tipus de via. Per finalitzar, es realitza un pressupost aproximat per veure les variacions econòmiques de cost durant la vida útil de cada tipus de via. Es parteix del cost d'implantació de la via i es van afegint les operacions de manteniment necessaris per a 25, 50 i 100 anys de vida de la via. S'observa que l'any 67 el cost de vida sobre balast comença a ser superior pels costos de manteniment que en via en placa. Concloent, seria viable la construcció de via en placa tenint en compte que caldria augmentar el peralt, construir la rigola de drenatge i que començarà a ser rendible a partir dels 67 anys des de la seva implantació.[ES] El objetivo del Trabajo Final de Grado es estudiar la viabilidad, tanto en aspectos técnicos como económicos, de implantar vía en placa como sustitución a la vía sobre balasto actual. La línea de la cual partimos es el tramo de Puente de Ebro - Lérida de la línea de Alta Velocidad Madrid - Zaragoza - Barcelona - Frontera Francesa construido en vía sobre balasto (realizado por mi compañera Antonia Mestre el curso pasado). La vía sobre balasto, aunque tiene un coste de implantación inferior al de la vía en placa, su coste de mantenimiento hace que su coste final sea mayor. Además, para altas velocidades nos encontramos con el problema del vuelo del balasto, que degrada el balasto y crea problemas en otros elementos de la superestructura, por lo que incrementa el coste de mantenimiento. Por ello, vamos a realizar el estudio para ver si con la construcción de la línea sobre vía en placa disminuiríamos esos costes. Se realiza conjuntamente con mis compañeros Antonia Mestre y Javier Cases los Anejos geotécnicos, de trazado y el topográfico. Los Anejos geotécnicos nos dan las características del medio que rodea a la vía, la información de los reconocimientos del terreno realizados y la geotecnia de obras de tierra. El Anejo de trazado nos proporciona los parámetros de diseño y la descripción del trazado. Los datos proporcionados por los anejos son con los que comparamos los datos demandados por las normas para vía en placa, y ver si así disponemos de esas exigencias o no. De entre el balance de datos sacamos que los peraltes son demasiado pequeños para vía en placa, los terraplenes son demasiado altos y en algunos desmontes haría falta construir bermas por exceso de altura. Y además, para vía en placa es necesario añadir un caz de drenaje central en la plataforma para drenar cualquier líquido que hubiera sobre ella. Posteriormente, se describen los procedimientos de mantenimiento de las vías, diferenciando entre las operaciones comunes y las específicas de cada tipo de vía. Finalizando, se realiza un presupuesto aproximado para ver económicamente las variaciones de coste durante la vida útil de cada tipo de vía. Se parte del coste de implantación de la vía y se van añadiendo las operaciones de mantenimiento necesarios para 25, 50 y 100 años de vida de la vía. Se observa que en el año 67 el coste de vía sobre balasto empieza a ser superior por los costes de mantenimiento que en vía en placa. Concluyendo, sería viable la construcción de vía en placa teniendo en cuenta que habría que aumentar el peralte, construir el caz de drenaje y que empezará a ser rentable a partir de los 67 años desde su implantación.Marti Blazquez, MDM. (2016). Análisis de la solución de vía ferroviaria en balasto frente a vía en placa y montaje de superestructura en la línea de alta velocidad Madrid-Zaragoza-Barcelona-frontera francesa. Tramo puente de Ebro-Lleida. La explotación y el mantenimiento de la vía en placa y la vía sobre balasto. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/69129.Archivo delegad

Commercial Laurus nobilis L. and Syzygium aromaticum L. Men. & Perry essential oils against post-harvest phytopathogenic fungi on rice

[EN] Rice is exposed in the field and in stored conditions to a great variety of fungi that can cause a lot of diseases with potential risk to consumers. In the present study, the chemical composition of commercial Laurus nobilis L. and Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry essential oils and antifungal activity against five pathogenic fungi isolated from Mediterranean rice grains has been investigated. Thirty-seven compounds accounting for more than 99.5% of the total essential oil were identified by GC and GC/MS. 1,8-Cineole (51.95%), alpha-terpinyl acetate (12.93%) and the monoterpene hydrocarbon sabinene (9.56%) were the main compounds in bay leaf essential oil, while the phenylpropanoid eugenol (88.58%), and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons beta-caryophyllene (8.13%) and alpha-humulene (2.35%) were found in clove essential oil. Clove essential oils at 300 mu g/mL showed more antifungal effect than bay leaf essential oil against all tested strains. S. aromaticum essential oil showed the best antifungal activity towards Fusarium graminearum and similar antifungal activity compared to pure eugenol against all tested phytopathogenic fungi. In inoculated rice grain, clove essential oil significantly reduced the fungal infection in food so S. aromaticum essential oil could be a good alternative as preservative in stored rice grain. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This study has been financed by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; Subdireccion General de Proyectos de Investigacion; Convocatoria de Ayudas a Proyectos de I+D+i; Research Challenges; Programme-oriented Societal Challenges 2014-2017, reference number AGL2013-42989-R-AR.Santamarina Siurana, MP.; Rosello Caselles, J.; Gimenez, S.; Blazquez Ferrer, MA. (2016). Commercial Laurus nobilis L. and Syzygium aromaticum L. Men. & Perry essential oils against post-harvest phytopathogenic fungi on rice. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 65:325-332. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2015.08.040S3253326