Sociología de la experiencia y reconstrucción de identidades profesionales : una mirada al trabajo social.

In the context of the decline of modern institutions, the social work has been forced reduced by functionalist theories to a product in the relationship structure - individual, and it has been characterized by others as volatile and in permanent crisis. Appealing to the theory of the sociology of experience, this article presents the results of a qualitative study in which a group of Colombian social workers were interviewed, in order to understand how these professionals lived the previous and simultaneous experiences linked to their identity process. The results showed that professional identities were reinforced from an exercise of subjectification that involved the administration of variables present in their socializing environments and autobiography to build it. The study opened an analytical door to think about a modern professional-subject who is no longer a net product of institutional programs, but an actor who autonomously and subjectively resolves his life and professional identity.En el marco del declive de las instituciones modernas, el trabajo social se ha visto obligado a repensar entre otros asuntos su identidad profesional, la cual es reducida por las corrientes funcionalistas a un producto en la relación estructura – individuo, y caracterizada por otras como volátil y en permanente crisis. Apelando a la teoría de la sociología de la experiencia, este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio cualitativo en el que se entrevistó a un grupo de trabajadoras sociales colombianas, con el fin de comprender cómo estas profesionales vivenciaron las experiencias predecesoras y simultáneas a su proceso identitario. Los resultados evidenciaron identidades profesionales robustecidas desde un ejercicio de subjetivación que implicó la administración de variables presentes en sus entornos socializadores y autobiografía para edificarla. El estudio abrió una puerta analítica para pensar un sujeto - profesional moderno que ya no es producto neto de los programas institucionales, sino un actor que resuelve autónoma y subjetivamente su vida y su identidad profesional

¿Cómo entender la identidad profesional hoy?

This article proposes the sociology of experience as a theoretical and conceptual instrument to understand the process of building professional identity. This sociological approach makes it possible to analyze any contemporary profession, and it offers another perspective to those who wish to take it on as a subject of study. Professional identity today thus obeys a complex, non-linear, differentiated, and subjective process, as it is based on personal biographies in order to consolidate itself.Este artículo propone a la sociología de la experiencia como instrumento teórico - conceptual para comprender el proceso de edificación de identidad profesional. Este enfoque sociológico permite analizar cualquier profesión contemporánea y ofrece otra perspectiva a quienes desean asumirlo como tema de estudio. La identidad profesional hoy obedece así, a un proceso complejo, no lineal, diferenciado y atravesado por la subjetividad, al fundamentarse en las biografías personales para consolidarse.Este artigo propõe a sociologia da experiência como um instrumento teórico-conceitual para entender o processo de construção da identidade profissional. Essa abordagem sociológica nos permite analisar qualquer profissão contemporânea e oferece outra perspectiva para aqueles que desejam assumi-la como objeto de estudo. Utilizou-se para analisar os achados de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada em um grupo de profissionais graduados em Serviço Social da Universidad del Valle, no qual a identidade profissional foi projetada como um processo complexo, não linear, diferenciado e, atravessada pela subjetividade, quando confie em biografias pessoais para se consolidar

Risk-sharing among European Countries

This technical report details the results of risk sharing in the EU country by country. The great recession and the subsequent sovereign debt crisis in Europe have shown an asymmetric behavior of the different member countries of the EU, also with regards of risk sharing. We provide country specific measures decomposing risk sharing as that obtained via the capital markets, international transfers and savings or the credit markets channel. Afterwords, we use a mean group estimator to measure average risk sharing for the group of countries. This can help to identify where risk sharing is working and through which channels.JRC.B.1-Finance and Econom

JRC.B1 contribution to the SWD on the Movement of Capital and the Freedom of Payments

In the context of the institutional support to DG FISMA, JRC.B1 contributed to the 2018 Commission Staff Working Document on the Movement of Capital and the Freedom of Payments. JRC.B1 contribution included: (i) the analysis of home bias (tendency to invest in domestic financial assets); (ii) the analysis of diversification of cross-border investments and (iii) the estimation of the country specific degree of risk sharing for EU28 (risk sharing is the possibility to use cross-border capital markets to smooth domestic shock). JRC.B1 contribution appears in sections 2.5 and 2.6, and in Appendix III and IV.JRC.B.1-Finance and Econom

El potencial econòmic del sector nàutic a Catalunya. Les oportunitats de la Mediterrània

La vinculació de Barcelona amb el mar i, per consegüent amb el sector nàutic, és mil·lenària. La Mediterrània ha estat font de vida i de riquesa, origen d'invasions i de migracions, i protagonista de les principals fites històriques de la ciutat des del seu naixement fins als nostres dies. Serveixin com a exemple, la fundació d'Empúries pels grecs, la Tarraco romana, l'expansió comercial per la Mediterrània a l'Edat Mitjana, la tornada de Colom del descobriment d'Amèrica o, fins i tot més properament en el temps, els Jocs Olímpics del 1992, en què el mar va ser protagonista en l'esdeveniment i la transformació urbana de la ciutat. Aquesta vinculació ha tingut sempre una connotació i un impacte econòmic innegables. Sense les drassanes, les llotges, les cambres de navegació o els consolats de mar no es pot entendre la nostra societat, la nostra economia ni la nostra cultura. Barcelona ha estat el cap visible de tot un entramat comercial, cultural i legislatiu vinculat amb el mar

Logistics business model evolution: digital platforms and connected and autonomous vehicles as disruptors

Business models are being transformed by increasing digitalization of the economy and the emergence of technological systems. In logistics, through innovation and the implementation of information processing systems using digital platforms and the integration of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV), the transformation of business models is being bolstered. However, the digitalization of the business fabric and the predisposition to integrate into logistics platforms will condition business evolution. This paper aims to reveal the evolutionary trends in the business models of companies in the road freight transport sector, and also to outline the benefits and main barriers faced by managers in creating, delivering, and capturing value in a business environment characterized by the emergence of new business models, digital logistics platforms and CAVs. Through qualitative research based on interviews with strategy managers and senior executives from mobility and technology companies, the findings reveal the importance of business integration on digital platforms to optimize resources and deliver better services. By managing aggregated data from CAVs, digital platforms will enable personalized and comprehensive services through omni-channel delivery. By creating single interfaces for contracting, customer care and customer service, platforms enable companies to specialize in specific services and increase profitability while covering complete needs through cross-company collaborations.Universidade de Vigo/CISUGAgencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2020-116040RB-I00Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431B 2022/1

New Risk Sharing Channels in OECD Countries: a Heterogeneous Panel VAR

We aim to improve upon the existing empirical literature on international risk sharing under three dimensions. First, we generalize dynamic multi-equation approaches to the estimation of risk sharing channels, by adopting a Heterogeneous Panel VAR model. Within this framework, the coefficients representing the extent of risk sharing achieved through the different mechanisms are allowed to vary across countries. Second, we introduce two new risk sharing channels – namely, government consumption and the real exchange rate (that we further decompose into relative prices and the nominal exchange rate) – which allow us to investigate the role of fiscal policy and international price adjustments in the absorption of macroeconomic shocks. Third, we establish a better link between the “channels” empirical model and a theoretical formulation of the risk sharing condition which allows for PPP violations. Our empirical analysis, for a set of 21 OECD countries over 1960-2016, contributes to identifying the geographical structure and dynamics of risk sharing channels and to describing their evolution in the latest half-century. For the OECD sample as a whole, we confirm through 2016 the strong smoothing role played by credit markets and the small degree of risk sharing achieved through factor incomes. Interestingly, government consumption tends to have a dis-smoothing effect, due to its counter-cyclical movements. Another noteworthy result is the negative risk sharing effect of the real exchange rate, driven by the dis-smoothing role played by the movements of the nominal exchange rate, only partially offset by relative price adjustments. The evolution of these risk sharing mechanisms is diverse, but the most important channels – namely credit markets and real exchange rate adjustments – exhibit slightly positive trends for the first half of the period, negative trends afterwards, and a recovery in more recent years. Our results demonstrate that the extent of risk sharing is strikingly different across countries, especially if we take into account valuation effects through the real exchange rate. Even considering only traditional risk sharing channels, the country-specific magnitude of risk sharing on impact ranges from around 15% to over 80%. In addition, dynamics are also quite diverse across countries; for example, risk sharing through credit markets, while quite effective on impact, provokes dis-smoothing for about two thirds of the countries from the second year onwards. Our approach is of particular interest for policy makers, as it allows identifying the strengths and the weaknesses of the institutional and behavioral risk sharing mechanisms at work in different countries.JRC.B.1-Finance and Econom

Torymus sinensis Kamijo, a biocontrol agent against the invasive chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu in Spain: its natural dispersal from France and the first data on establishment after experimental releases

Aim of study: The globally invasive gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 (Cynipidae: Cynipini), reached Spain seven years ago and is already regarded as an important pest of chestnuts (Castanea spp.) in this country as well as worldwide. In this paper, we present comprehensive data on the establishment in Spain of Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982 (Chalcidoidea: Torymidae), an effective non-native natural enemy of this pest, as a result of both natural dispersal and settlement after controlled releases since 2015.Area of study: Sites of the Spanish autonomous communities of Galicia, Asturias, Basque Country, Catalonia, Andalusia and Madrid where D. kuriphilus is present.Material and methods: To study the natural dispersal of T. sinensis from France, we selected two sampling sites in Catalonia, six in the Basque Country and two in Navarra known for their heavy Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) infestation; to study T. sinensis establishment after authorized controlled releases by the concerned authorities, the field samplings were done mainly in Galicia (35 sites) and Andalusia (8 sites). Additionally an experimental release study was made in Madrid.Main Results: Our results showed that T. sinensis has spread throughout Spain by natural dispersal across the French border and now occurs in Catalonia (two sites), the Basque Country (three sites) and Navarra (one site) but not in the neighbouring region of Cantabria. The percentage of parasitism by T. sinensis on D. kuriphilus is higher in the Basque Country sites, which are close to the French border, thus indicating that its establishment in these localities is not recent. After controlled releases, T. sinensis has been successfully established in five release sites in Andalusia (Valle del Genal and Sierra Blanca, Málaga Province) and one release site in Madrid. However, in the region of Galicia (NW Spain), where the number of authorized releases has been higher, the establishment of T. sinensis still appears to be very low.Research highlights: Established populations of T. sinensis may exert a positive buffer against D. kuriphilus-driven chestnut infestation in Spain, similar to what is observed in other invaded European countries.Additional Keywords: Controlled releases, Torymidae, invasive species, Cynipidae, natural spread, biological control.Abbreviations used: Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW); Torymus sinensis parasitism rate (TsPR); mean of ACGW larval chambers per gall (MACGW)

Impact of triple therapy in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Background and Purpose: Selecting an ideal antithrombotic therapy for elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be challenging since they have a higher thromboembolic and bleeding risk than younger patients. The current study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of triple therapy (TT: oral anticoagulation plus dual antiplate- let therapy: aspirin plus clopidogrel) in patients > 75 years of age with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A prospective multicenter study was conducted from 2003 to 2012 at 6 Spanish teaching hospitals. A cohort study of consecutive patients with AF undergoing PCI and treated with TT or dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was analyzed. All outcomes were evaluated at 1- year of follow-up. Results: Five hundred and eighty-five patients, 289 (49%) of whom were > 75 years of age (79.6 ± 3.4 years; 33% women) were identified. TT was prescribed in 55.9% of patients at discharge who had a higher thromboembolic risk (CHA 2 DS 2 VASc score: 4.23 ± 1.51 vs 3.76 ± 1.40, p = 0.007 and a higher bleeding risk (HAS-BLED > 3: 88.6% vs 79.2%, p = 0.02) than those on DAPT. Therefore, patients on TT had a lower rate of thromboembolism than those on DAPT (0.6% vs 6.9%, p = 0.004; HR 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01 - 0.70, p = 0.004). Major bleeding events occurred more frequently in patients on TT than in those on DAPT (11.7% vs 2.4%, p = 0.002; HR 5.2, 95% CI: 1.53 - 17.57, p = 0.008). The overall mortality rate was similar in both treatment groups (11.9% vs 13.9%, p = 0.38); however, after adjustment for confounding variables, TT was associated with a reduced mortality rate (HR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.12 - 0.86, p = 0.02). Conclusions In elderly patients with AF undergoing PCI, the use of TT compared to DAPT was associ- ated with reduced thromboembolism and mortality rates, although a higher rate of major bleeding

Genetic complexity impacts the clinical outcome of follicular lymphoma patients

© The Author(s) 2021.Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL, 20–30%) after diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Despite the introduction of rituximab and the high response rate to first-line treatment, approximately 20% of the FL patients relapse or progress within 2 years of receiving first-line therapy. Therefore, the major challenge is finding biomarkers that identify high-risk patients at diagnosis.This work was partially supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness PI15/01393, PI18/00410, CIBERONC-CB16/12/00233, and “Una manera de hacer Europa” (Innocampus; CEI-2010-1-0010)”, the Education Council or Health Council of the Junta de Castilla y León (CAS102P17, GRS 1180/A/15), Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC; PROYE18020BEA), and Gilead Sciences (GLD17/00334). CJ, MES, and AMe are supported by the ISCII (CD19/00030, CPII18/00028, and FI19/00320). MGA, IPC, and CJ were supported by the Spanish Society of Hematology Foundation (FEHH). All Spanish funding is co-sponsored by the European Union FEDER program