El uso de TIC y su relación en el desempeño logístico de pymes exportadoras peruanas del sector transporte terrestre en 2020-2022.

El uso e implemento de las TIC ha presentado mejoras en la comunicación y desempeño de las empresas donde se refleja que existe relación directa entre el uso de TIC y el desempeño. El cual permite el intercambio eficaz de información, la mejora en la productividad y desempeño de las operaciones, además de generar ventajas competitivas a través de la optimización de la cadena de suministro. En el capítulo 1, se realizó el marco conceptual, antecedentes, las bases teóricas y el análisis mundial, regional y local del sector a investigar. Con la información recolectada, se planteó las dimensiones de cada variable para las TIC se definió a las redes, terminales y equipo, y servicios, tal cual, como para la dimensión desempeño logístico que se planteó las dimensiones de costos, tiempo y eficiencia. En el capítulo 2, se detallaron los problemas generales y específicos, así como los objetivos e hipótesis que nos ayudaran con el análisis y los resultados que pretendemos encontrar. Para el capítulo 3, se definió la metodología a utilizar. Con ello se eligió utilizar un enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance correlacional y diseño metodológico no experimental. Para la recolección de datos se acudió a la base generada por Perú top 10,000 sobre pymes del sector de transporte terrestre, a quienes se les envió por correo un cuestionario obteniendo como resultado 36 encuestas. Finalmente, en el capítulo 4 y 5 se realizaron los análisis utilizando el programa de SPPS y la confiabilidad del Alfa de Cronbach para poder validar nuestras hipótesis que demostró la relación directa y significativa entre el uso de TIC y el desempeño logístico. Comprobando así que los resultados encontrados en los antecedentes, también se presentan en las pymes peruanas del sector de transporte terrestre.The use and implementation of ICT has presented improvements in the communication and performance of companies where it is reflected that there is a direct relationship between the use of ICT and performance. Which allows the effective exchange of information, the improvement in productivity and performance of operations, in addition to generating competitive advantages through the optimization of the supply chain. In chapter 1, the conceptual framework, background, theoretical bases and global, regional and local analysis of the sector to be investigated was carried out. With the information collected, the dimensions of each variable for ICTs were defined, networks, terminals and equipment, and services were defined, as is, as well as for the logistics performance dimension that the dimensions of costs, time and efficiency were raised. In chapter 2, the general and specific problems were detailed, as well as the objectives and hypotheses that will help us with the analysis and the results that we intend to find. For chapter 3, the methodology to be used was defined. With this, it was chosen to use a quantitative approach, of correlational scope and non-experimental methodological design. For data collection, the database generated by Peru top 10,000 on SMEs in the land transport sector was used, to whom a questionnaire was sent by mail, obtaining 36 surveys as a result. Finally, in chapter 4 and 5, the analyzes were carried out using the SPPS program and the reliability of Cronbach's Alpha in order to validate our hypotheses that demonstrated the direct and significant relationship between the use of ICT and logistics performance. Thus verifying that the results found in the background are also presented in Peruvian SMEs in the land transport sector.Tesi

Behavioural Evaluation of a Translational Animal Model of Schizophrenia

Presented at 1st Meeting in Translational Pharmacology 38th SEF national meeting/9th SEFF meeting 19–20 June 2018, SpainSchizophrenia (SZ) is a chronic and disabling psychiatric disorder affecting about 1% of the population worldwide. Schizophrenia comprises positive and negative symptoms as well as cognitive deficits. Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that infections during the gestational period represent a risk factor to develop SZ along lifetime, which in combination with stressful events in adolescence may lead to the SZ onset. The aim of the present study was to create a translational “double-hit” animal model of SZ in male and female mice, based in maternal immune activation (MIA, hit-1)—injection of poly(I:C) to pregnant dams, 7.5 mg/kg i.p.—and social isolation (SI, hit-2) in the peri-pubertal period (3–11 weeks). In the four experimental groups (hit-1, hit-2, double-hit and control) locomotion and anxiety were assessed using the Open Field Test (OFT), and the cognitive status (declarative/episodic memory) was evaluated by means of the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT). No differences were observed in the spontaneous locomotor activity between any of the groups, neither in females nor in males. However, an increase in the percentage of time spent in the centre of the OFT was significantly associated to the hit-1 (MIA) only in female mice (F[1,53] = 4.252; P = 0.044, n = 57). Moreover, a significant decrease in the discrimination index in the NORT was also associated to the hit-1 (MIA) in the subgroup of female mice (F[1,55] = 7.266; P = 0.0093, n = 59). These preliminary results indicate that MIA produces a greater impact in female mice inducing an anxiolytic-like phenotype and cognitive impairments.Basque Government (IT616/13) MSCA-2016-IF 747487 to C.Muguruza

Clinical validation of the EndoPredict test in node-positive, chemotherapy-treated ER+/HER2− breast cancer patients: results from the GEICAM 9906 trial

INTRODUCTION: EndoPredict (EP) is an RNA-based multigene test that predicts the likelihood of distant recurrence in patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2−) breast cancer (BC) who are being treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy. Herein we report the prospective-retrospective clinical validation of EP in the node-positive, chemotherapy-treated, ER+/HER2− BC patients in the GEICAM 9906 trial. METHODS: The patients (N = 1,246) were treated either with six cycles of fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (FEC) or with four cycles of FEC followed by eight weekly courses of paclitaxel (FEC-P), as well as with endocrine therapy if they had hormone receptor–positive disease. The patients were assigned to EP risk categories (low or high) according to prespecified cutoff levels. The primary endpoint in the clinical validation of EP was distant metastasis-free survival (MFS). Metastasis rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression. RESULTS: The molecular EP score and the combined molecular and clinical EPclin score were successfully determined in 555 ER+/HER2− tumors from the 800 available samples in the GEICAM 9906 trial. On the basis of the EP, 25% of patients (n = 141) were classified as low risk. MFS was 93% in the low-risk group and 70% in the high-risk group (absolute risk reduction = 23%, hazard ratio (HR) = 4.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.5 to 9.5; P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that, in this ER+/HER2− cohort, EP results are an independent prognostic parameter after adjustment for age, grade, lymph node status, tumor size, treatment arm, ER and progesterone receptor (PR) status and proliferation index (Ki67). Using the predefined EPclin score, 13% of patients (n = 74) were assigned to the low-risk group, who had excellent outcomes and no distant recurrence events (absolute risk reduction vs high-risk group = 28%; P < 0.0001). Furthermore, EP was prognostic in premenopausal patients (HR = 6.7, 95% CI = 2.4 to 18.3; P = 0.0002) and postmenopausal patients (HR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.3 to 8.5; P = 0.0109). There were no statistically significant differences in MFS between treatment arms (FEC vs FEC-P) in either the high- or low-risk groups. The interaction test results between the chemotherapy arm and the EP score were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: EP is an independent prognostic parameter in node-positive, ER+/HER2− BC patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy followed by hormone therapy. EP did not predict a greater efficacy of FEC-P compared to FEC alone

Interplay between non-covalent interactions in 1D supramolecular polymers based on 1,4-bis(iodoethynyl)benzene

12 pags, 11 figs, 4 tabs. -- Supplementary Information can be found at the Publisher's webA study of the solution-phase, solid-state structures of halogen-bonded co-crystals of 1,4-bis(iodoethynyl)benzene (p-BIB) with three salts, namely, decyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTMABr), tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr), and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr), has been carried out, along with theoretical calculations. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) showed that the binding constant of bromide with p-BIB in THF is not strongly dependent on the cation, and that the entropic term clearly dominates the enthalpic one in the free energy of binding. In the three crystal structures, the bromide anion acts as a doubly connected node for halogen bonding interactions, which results in linear or angular open chains. The intrachain angles (IBr-I) of the 1D supramolecular polymers based on p-BIB depend on the geometry and size of the cation and vary from 180° for DMTABr to 75° for TBABr. Non-covalent interaction (NCI) analysis of selected motifs and optimized crystals demonstrates that the balance between halogen bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals interactions, especially type-I halogenhalogen contacts, determines the crystal structures.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, under the projects PGC2018-093761-B-C31, PGC2018-097583-B-I00, and MAT2017-84838-P. The authors acknowledge support from Gobierno de Aragón-FEDER for funding the Crystal and Polymers Group (E47_20R, FEDER 2014–2020 Construyendo Europa desde Aragón).Peer reviewe

Delifood: Application for the sale of diets and complementary services to healthy nutrition

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo presentar al mercado de alimentos saludables, nuestro servicio de asesoría en nutrición de forma personalizada con la guía de expertos en alimentación y entrenamiento para ofrecer un servicio completo a través de nuestra plataforma digital que tiene el nombre de Delifood a personas con una tendencia saludable. Por todo ello, nuestra propuesta de valor es brindar una fácil accesibilidad a un régimen alimenticio saludable bajo la supervisión de profesionales y especialistas que están capacitados para armar todo un plan de alimentación personalizado e instruir de manera adecuada el modo de llevar una nutrición completa y bien estructurada, así como un correcto entrenamiento. Este trabajo de investigación consta de tres partes las cuales se describirán a continuación: Primera parte: Descripción de la Idea de Negocio en donde se detalla cada aspecto del negocio, su tendencia y qué problema deseamos solventar con dicha idea. Así mismo se presenta un análisis Segunda parte: Validaciones del Modelo de Negocio, en donde se analiza todo acerca de los resultados que se pudieron obtener de los experimentos a nuestros clientes potenciales por nuestro servicio. Además, se analiza mediante expertos la viabilidad de la aplicación. Tercera parte: Desarrollo de la Estrategia de Negocio, en el cual se analiza el plan estratégico, además de realizar las intenciones de compra, así como de verificar y ajustar el financiamiento, y el plan de marketing. The present research work aims to present to the health food market, our nutrition counseling service in a personalized way with the guidance of experts in food and training to offer a complete service through our digital platform that has the name of Delifood to people with a healthy tendency. For all this, our value proposition is to provide easy accessibility to a healthy eating regimen under the supervision of professionals and specialists who are trained to put together a whole personalized eating plan and instruct in a proper way the way to carry a complete and well-structured nutrition, as well as a correct training. This research work consists of three parts which will be described below: First part: Description of the Business Idea where each aspect of the business is detailed, its tendency and what problem we want to solve with this idea. An analysis of the business idea is also presented. Second part: Validations of the Business Model, where everything about the results that could be obtained from the experiments to our potential customers for our service is analyzed. In addition, the feasibility of the application is analyzed by experts. Third part: Development of the Business Strategy, in which the strategic plan is analyzed, in addition to making the purchase intentions, as well as verifying and adjusting the financing, and the marketing plan.Trabajo de investigació

Tumor stem cells fuse with monocytes to form highly invasive tumor-hybrid cells

The ‘cancer cell fusion’ theory is controversial due to the lack of methods available to identify hybrid cells and to follow the phenomenon in patients. However, it seems to be one of the best explanations for both the origin and metastasis of primary tumors. Herein, we co-cultured lung cancer stem cells with human monocytes and analyzed the dynamics and properties of tumor-hybrid cells (THC), as well as the molecular mechanisms beneath this fusion process by several techniques: electron-microscopy, karyotyping, CRISPR-Cas9, RNA-seq, immunostaining, signaling blockage, among others. Moreover, mice models were assessed for in vivo characterization of hybrids colonization and invasiveness. Then, the presence of THCs in bloodstream and samples from primary and metastatic lesions were detected by FACS and immunofluorescence protocols, and their correlations with TNM stages established. Our data indicate that the generation of THCs depends on the expression of CD36 on tumor stem cells and the oxidative state and polarization of monocytes, the latter being strongly influenced by microenvironmental fluctuations. Highly oxidized M2-like monocytes show the strongest affinity to fuse with tumor stem cells. THCs are able to proliferate, colonize and invade organs. THC-specific cell surface signature CD36+CD14+PANK+ allows identifying them in matched primary tumor tissues and metastases as well as in bloodstream from patients with lung cancer, thus functioning as a biomarker. THCs levels in circulation correlate with TNM classification. Our results suggest that THCs are involved in both origin and spread of metastatic cells. Furthermore, they might set the bases for future therapies to avoid or eradicate lung cancer metastasis.Research in the laboratory of EL-C was supported by “Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica La Paz Hospital” ((FIBHULP) and “Fundación Familia Alonso”.Peer reviewe