Gute Entscheidungen

Junge Erwachsene stehen im Übergang in den Beruf vor vielen Entscheidungen. Im Kurzartikel werden Empfehlungen zur pädagogischen Begleitung ausgesprochen

Improving Cerebral Cortical Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using a Readily Available Surface Coil

Subtle structural deformities of the cerebral cortex have been shown to be the cause of seizures in patients with refractory epilepsy. Brain imaging using high-resolution focused protocols with standard head coils may not provide sufficient image quality needed for evaluating subtle cortical abnormalities. The authors describe the use of a readily available shoulder coil placed over a specific area of the brain that has been clinically determined to enhance the signal to noise and resolution of the cortical surface. Delineating the cortical surface using a shoulder coil can help to detect subtle areas of cortical thickening, blurring of the gray-white matter junction, or focally abnormal gyral and sulcal patterns.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74666/1/j.1552-6569.2004.tb00243.x.pd

Integration of metabolite with transcript and enzyme activity profiling during diurnal cycles in Arabidopsis rosettes

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Genome-wide transcript profiling and analyses of enzyme activities from central carbon and nitrogen metabolism has shown that transcript levels undergo marked and rapid changes during diurnal cycles and after transfer to darkness, whereas changes of enzyme activities are smaller and delayed. In the starchless pgm mutant, where sugars are depleted every night, there are accentuated diurnal changes of transcript levels. Enzyme activities do not show larger diurnal changes; instead they shift towards the levels found in wild-type after several days of darkness. These results indicate that enzyme activities change slowly, integrating the changes of transcript levels over several diurnal cycles. RESULTS: To generalize this conclusion, 137 metabolites were profiled using GC-MS and LC-MS. Amplitudes of the diurnal changes of metabolites in pgm were (with the exception of sugars) similar or smaller than in wild-type. The average levels shifted towards those found after several days of darkness in wild-type. Examples include increased levels of many amino acids due to protein degradation, decreased levels of many fatty acids, increased tocopherol and decreased myo-inositol. Many metabolite-transcript correlations were found and the proportion of transcripts correlated with sugars increased dramatically in the starchless pgm mutant. CONCLUSION: Rapid diurnal changes of transcripts are integrated over time to generate quasi-stable changes across large sectors of metabolism. The slow response of enzyme activities and metabolites implies that correlations between metabolites and transcripts are due to regulation of gene expression by metabolites, rather than metabolites being changed as a consequence of a change in gene expression

Global transcript levels respond to small changes of the carbon status during progressive exhaustion of carbohydrates in Arabidopsis rosettes

The balance between the supply and utilization of carbon (C) changes continually. It has been proposed that plants respond in an acclimatory manner, modifying C utilization to minimize harmful periods of C depletion. This hypothesis predicts that signaling events are initiated by small changes in C status. We analyzed the global transcriptional response to a gradual depletion of C during the night and an extension of the night, where C becomes severely limiting from 4 h onward. The response was interpreted using published datasets for sugar, light, and circadian responses. Hundreds of C-responsive genes respond during the night and others very early in the extended night. Pathway analysis reveals that biosynthesis and cellular growth genes are repressed during the night and genes involved in catabolism are induced during the first hours of the extended night. The C response is amplified by an antagonistic interaction with the clock. Light signaling is attenuated during the 24-h light/dark cycle. A model was developed that uses the response of 22K genes during a circadian cycle and their responses to C and light to predict global transcriptional responses during diurnal cycles of wild-type and starchless pgm mutant plants and an extended night in wild-type plants. By identifying sets of genes that respond at different speeds and times during C depletion, our extended dataset and model aid the analysis of candidates for C signaling. This is illustrated for AKIN10 and four bZIP transcription factors, and sets of genes involved in trehalose signaling, protein turnover, and starch breakdown

Sugars and circadian regulation make major contributions to the global regulation of diurnal gene expression in Arabidopsis

The diurnal cycle strongly influences many plant metabolic and physiological processes. Arabidopsis thaliana rosettes were harvested six times during 12-h-light/12-h-dark treatments to investigate changes in gene expression using ATH1 arrays. Diagnostic gene sets were identified from published or in-house expression profiles of the response to light, sugar, nitrogen, and water deficit in seedlings and 4 h of darkness or illumination at ambient or compensation point [CO2]. Many sugar-responsive genes showed large diurnal expression changes, whose timing matched that of the diurnal changes of sugars. A set of circadian-regulated genes also showed large diurnal changes in expression. Comparison of published results from a free-running cycle with the diurnal changes in Columbia-0 (Col-0) and the starchless phosphoglucomutase (pgm) mutant indicated that sugars modify the expression of up to half of the clock-regulated genes. Principle component analysis identified genes that make large contributions to diurnal changes and confirmed that sugar and circadian regulation are the major inputs in Col-0 but that sugars dominate the response in pgm. Most of the changes in pgm are triggered by low sugar levels during the night rather than high levels in the light, highlighting the importance of responses to low sugar in diurnal gene regulation. We identified a set of candidate regulatory genes that show robust responses to alterations in sugar levels and change markedly during the diurnal cycle

MR spectroscopy in the evaluation of recurrent contrast-enhancing lesions in the posterior fossa after tumor treatment

Recurrent contrast-enhancing lesions arising within foci of prior brain neoplasms treated with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy pose a significant diagnostic dilemma, as they may represent recurrent or residual tumor, treatment-related changes, or a combination of both. Those lesions specifically in the posterior fossa are even more difficult to assess, given the technical limitations of 2D CSI in the infratentorial compartment. We explored the feasibility of 2D-CSI MR spectroscopy in the evaluation of recurrent contrast-enhancing lesions in eight consecutive patients who had undergone treatment for posterior fossa or brainstem tumors. Mean Cho/Cr (choline/creatine) ratios obtained by 2D-CSI in recurrent tumor, treatment-related changes, and normal white matter were 2.93, 1.62, and 0.97, respectively, mean Cho/NAA (choline/N-Acetyl aspartate) ratios were 4.34, 1.74, and 0.93, and mean NAA/Cr (N-acetyl aspartate/creatine) ratios were 0.74, 0.92, and 1.26, respectively. In conclusion, also in the posterior fossa, MR spectroscopy is likely to be useful as an adjunct to conventional imaging characteristics in distinguishing recurrent tumor from treatment-related changes, irrespectively of the MRS technique used. In most cases spectra of diagnostic quality can be obtained using 2D-CSI to include coverage of both the lesion and its vicinity.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46664/1/234_2004_Article_1195.pd

SNS-process monitoring in coaching. Resources of young adults in transitions. Project Kraftquellen, final report on youth and work

Das Projekt \u27Kraftquellen\u27 schreibt eine Studie, die im ‚Fachreferat Jugend und Arbeit‘ des Erzbischöflichen Jugendamtes München und Freising zwischen 2015 und 2021 durchgeführt wurde. Untersucht wurden Coachingprozesse junger Erwachsener in ihrer Veränderungsdynamik. Die Teilnehmer*innen kamen aus dem Freiwilligen Sozialen Jahr (FSJ), da diese Lebensphase zwischen Schule, Studium und/oder Ausbildung mit vielen Entscheidungen verbunden ist. Als Begleitprojekt des 2021 veröffentlichten Forschungsprojektes \u27Geduld als Ressource\u27 soll es Aufschluss darüber geben, wie junge Erwachsene in beruflich-privaten Übergängen ressourcenorientiert durch Einzelcoaching gefördert werden können. Die Coachingprozesse wurden methodisch durch das Synergetische Navigationssystem (SNS) begleitet und durch Prof. Dr. Dr. Günter Schiepek, Leiter des Institutes für Synergetik und Psychotherapieforschung von der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität Salzburg, beraten. Basierend auf einer idiographischen Systemmodellierung wurde mit jeder/m Teilnehmer*in ein individueller Fragebogen entwickelt. Dieser wurde digital ca. 70 Tage/Teilnehmer*in bearbeitet und über ein Monitoring auf der SNS-Plattform begleitet. In den Fragebogen gingen Ressourcen des gesundheitlichen Wohlbefindens (WHO-5) und der Geduld (Studie \u27Geduld als Ressource\u27) mit ein. Die Untersuchung kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass das Zusammenspiel der individuellen Ressourcen eine motivierende Wirkung für den Coachingprozess hat. Die Ressourcen im Feld des Wohlbefindens entsprechen dem Wunsch vieler junger Erwachsener nach Gesundheit. Die Geduld hat eine prozessstabilisierende Wirkung, sie verändert sich im zeitlichen Verlauf und im Kontext, entwickelt sich aber die die Reflektion von Geduld weiter. Insgesamt beschreiben die Coachees die Geduld als wichtige Alltagsressource. Das Projekt \u27Kraftquellen\u27 empfiehlt eine weitergehende Prozessforschung zu Coachingverläufen junger Erwachsener. (Verfasser)The Kraftquellen project is writing a study that was carried out in the \u27Fachreferat Jugend und Arbeit\u27 of the Archbishop\u27s Youth Welfare Office in Munich and Freising between 2015 and 2021. Coaching processes of young adults were examined in terms of their change dynamics. The participants came from the Voluntary Social Year (FSJ), as this phase of life between school, studies and / or training is associated with many decisions. As a companion project to the research project Patience as Resource published in May 2021 (May; Tectum Verlag), it is intended to provide information on how young adults can be promoted in a resource-oriented manner through individual coaching in professional-private transitions. The coaching processes were methodically accompanied by the Synergetic Navigation System (SNS) and by Prof. Dr. Dr. Günter Schiepek, head of the Institute for Synergetics and Psychotherapy Research at the Paracelsus Medical Private University in Salzburg. Based on an idiographic system modeling, an individual questionnaire was developed with each participant. This was processed digitally for about 70 days / participant and accompanied by monitoring on the SNS platform. In the questionnaire, resources of health well-being (WHO-5) and patience (study patience as a resource) were included. The study comes to the conclusion that the interplay of individual resources has a motivating effect on the coaching process. The resources in the field of wellbeing correspond to the desire for health of many young adults. Patience has a process-stabilizing effect, it changes over time and in context, but the reflection of patience continues to develop. Overall, the coachees describe patience as an important everyday resource. The Kraftquellen project recommends further process research on coaching courses for young adults. (Author

Robot Wars

Com esse nosso projeto tivemos o intuito de melhorar e refinar os conhecimentos que aprendemos durante o curso Técnico de Informática, onde os colocamos em práticas com a criação de um jogo de plataforma 2D, que será um jogo de 5 fases onde o jogador irá controlar o personagem principal, com o objetivo de passar as fases destruindo os inimigos que virão em seu caminho. O jogo tem uma temática simples, um robô que enfrenta alienígenas e outros robôs com seu canhão de braço. A ideia do jogo se baseia fortemente na série de jogos mundialmente conhecida Megaman. Tanto em questão gráfica, mecânica, jogabilidade e até o modo como a história progride são baseados no primeiro jogo da série Megaman, de 1993. A história não é contada de forma clara para o jogador, mas é passada conforme o jogo avança, principalmente no fim das fases, quando encontramos os chefões. A ideia é que cada chefão seja desenvolvido por um de nós, por isso são 4 chefes de fases e mais um chefe principal no fim do jogo. O jogo conta com inimigos simples, porém bem variados e tornam a jogabilidade mais interessante para o jogador. O jogo será programado a partir do game maker, onde teremos uma física básica, contando com pequenos obstáculos em seu caminho e com um sistema de dano baseado por ""golpes"" ou ""disparos"" dependendo da situação, além de um sistema de tempo para que o jogador tente sempre bater o seu recorde. Também terá um gráfico simples em 8bit. Nosso jogo terá um comando muito simples e básicos, um jogo digital acadêmico onde o usuário interage e dar os comandos usando as teclas do teclado que terá o controle, ele executa os comandos e aplica as regras programadas, fazendo que o personagem do jogo interaja, se movendo, atirando e pulando, além de ser um jogo single player. E as teclas do jogo que darão os comandos para o personagem funcionar serão a barra de espaços que para atirar, tecla para direita e esquerda para andar para os lados, e a tecla para cima pro personagem pular. Com o fim deste trabalho, podemos concluir que o jogo é feito para quem não quer quebrar a cabeça com jogos pesados e sérios, mas sim para algum gamer mais casual que quer uma dose de desafio, mas sem se estressar

Analysis of alanine aminotransferase in various organs of soybean (Glycine max) and in dependence of different nitrogen fertilisers during hypoxic stress

Alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) catalyses the reversible conversion of pyruvate and glutamate into alanine and oxoglutarate. In soybean, two subclasses were identified, each represented by two highly similar members. To investigate the role of AlaAT during hypoxic stress in soybean, changes in transcript level of both subclasses were analysed together with the enzyme activity and alanine content of the tissue. Moreover, the dependency of AlaAT activity and gene expression was investigated in relation to the source of nitrogen supplied to the plants. Using semi-quantitative PCR, GmAlaAT genes were determined to be highest expressed in roots and nodules. Under normal growth conditions, enzyme activity of AlaAT was detected in all organs tested, with lowest activity in the roots. Upon waterlogging-induced hypoxia, AlaAT activity increased strongly. Concomitantly, alanine accumulated. During re-oxygenation, AlaAT activity remained high, but the transcript level and the alanine content decreased. Our results show a role for AlaAT in the catabolism of alanine during the initial period of re-oxygenation following hypoxia. GmAlaAT also responded to nitrogen availability in the solution during waterlogging. Ammonium as nitrogen source induced both gene expression and enzyme activity of AlaAT more than when nitrate was supplied in the nutrient solution. The work presented here indicates that AlaAT might not only be important during hypoxia, but also during the recovery phase after waterlogging, when oxygen is available to the tissue again