Social Entrepreneurship in Egypt: Turning Revolutionary Ambition into Tangible Results

Social Entrepreneurship in Egypt: Turning Revolutionary Ambition into Tangible Results is a research paper that seeks to provide a model for sustainable social entrepreneurship (SE) development in Egypt and the surrounding Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The research consists of two primary areas: 1) the field of SE as a whole, along with traits shared by successful social enterprises, and 2) the modern Egyptian context, and the integration of best SE practices in the country and surrounding region during the modern revolutionary era. This is a paper that focuses on social change, and thus several social change theories are examined and used to both understand the changes that have taken place in Egypt, as well as corroborate the proposed SE approach to catalyze those changes. Information was obtained from a thorough literature review along with a trip to Egypt, which entailed interviews with leading social enterprise incubators in the country, as well as a survey that was distributed to social entrepreneurs throughout Egypt

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [30th ed. 2011]

The 2011 edition of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 30th production of the print directory and the 11th year of the online version (www.wifoundations.org). The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation Web sites, annual reports, and newsletters. While the national economic downturn has had a negative effect on Wisconsin foundations the past two years, there are some positive signs of recovery. The total number of active grantmaking foundations increased to a record high 1,324 (with 67 new foundations identified), and the total assets increased by 11% over last year to $6.2 billion. However, total grants fell to$458 million, a 3% decrease from last year.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1006/thumbnail.jp

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [25th ed. 2006]

The 2006 production of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 25th edition of the print directory and the 6th year of the online version (www.wifoundations.org). The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. However, additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation Web sites, annual reports, and newsletters. Wisconsin foundations have shown continued growth in several key areas. The number of active grantmaking foundations has risen to 1227, with 77 new foundations identified since last year’s publication. Total grants increased by 15% to a total of $452 million, while assets increased by 6$5.5 billion.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1004/thumbnail.jp

The implausibility of ‘usual care’ in an open system: sedation and weaning practices in Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) in the United Kingdom (UK)

Background: The power of the randomised controlled trial depends upon its capacity to operate in a closed system whereby the intervention is the only causal force acting upon the experimental group and absent in the control group, permitting a valid assessment of intervention efficacy. Conversely, clinical arenas are open systems where factors relating to context, resources, interpretation and actions of individuals will affect implementation and effectiveness of interventions. Consequently, the comparator (usual care) can be difficult to define and variable in multi-centre trials. Hence outcomes cannot be understood without considering usual care and factors that may affect implementation and impact on the intervention. Methods: Using a fieldwork approach, we describe PICU context, ‘usual’ practice in sedation and weaning from mechanical ventilation, and factors affecting implementation prior to designing a trial involving a sedation and ventilation weaning intervention. We collected data from 23 UK PICUs between June and November 2014 using observation, individual and multi-disciplinary group interviews with staff. Results: Pain and sedation practices were broadly similar in terms of drug usage and assessment tools. Sedation protocols linking assessment to appropriate titration of sedatives and sedation holds were rarely used (9 % and 4 % of PICUs respectively). Ventilator weaning was primarily a medical-led process with 39 % of PICUs engaging senior nurses in the process: weaning protocols were rarely used (9 % of PICUs). Weaning methods were variably based on clinician preference. No formal criteria or use of spontaneous breathing trials were used to test weaning readiness. Seventeen PICUs (74 %) had prior engagement in multi-centre trials, but limited research nurse availability. Barriers to previous trial implementation were intervention complexity, lack of belief in the evidence and inadequate training. Facilitating factors were senior staff buy-in and dedicated research nurse provision. Conclusions: We examined and identified contextual and organisational factors that may impact on the implementation of our intervention. We found usual practice relating to sedation, analgesia and ventilator weaning broadly similar, yet distinctively different from our proposed intervention, providing assurance in our ability to evaluate intervention effects. The data will enable us to develop an implementation plan; considering these factors we can more fully understand their impact on study outcomes

Phase change material for temperature control and material storage

A phase change material comprising a mixture of water and deuterium oxide is described, wherein the mole fraction of deuterium oxide is selected so that the mixture has a selected phase change temperature within a range between 0.degree. C. and 4.degree. C. The mixture is placed in a container and used for passive storage and transport of biomaterials and other temperature sensitive materials. Gels, nucleating agents, freezing point depression materials and colorants may be added to enhance the characteristics of the mixture

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [29th ed. 2010]

The 2010 production of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 29th edition of the print directory and the 10th anniversary of the online version (www.wifoundations.org). The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation Web sites, annual reports, and newsletters. The nation’s economic downturn continued to have a negative effect on Wisconsin foundations. While the total number of active grantmaking foundations increased to a record high 1,314 (with 123 new foundations identified), the total grants and assets declined to pre-2007 amounts. Total grants decreased by 7% to $473 million, total assets decreased by 18% to 5.6 billion.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1001/thumbnail.jp

A national survey of anaesthetists' preferences for their own end of life care

Objectives: To describe individual views, wishes, and preferences for end of life care and to report UK anaesthetists' personal perspectives. / Methods: The ‘bigconversations’ questionnaire was developed by modifying an existing framework for end of life discussions. An online cross-sectional survey of UK anaesthetists was then conducted using the questionnaire in January 2019. / Results: The bigconversations questionnaire was validated as measuring the important aspects of end of life care by an expert panel and was found to have moderate test–retest reliability. Responses were received from 760/1913 (40%) of those invited to take part. Overall, 698/760 (92%) of respondents wished to be well informed about their condition and prognosis and 518/760 (68%) wanted to be heavily involved in decision-making about their health. Meanwhile, 639/760 (84%) of respondents would choose to forego treatment aimed at prolonging life should that life be of poor quality. The desire to spend time with family was a theme which arose from the qualitative analysis. / Conclusion: This study provides the first systematic description of UK doctors', specifically anaesthetists', personal preferences for end of life care. Broad trends were identified: to be well informed; to avoid high-intensity medical treatments if terminally unwell; to spend remaining time with family and friends; and to be symptom-free and well cared for. However, a substantial minority expressed different, indeed opposite, opinions. This variation highlights that good quality end of life care must be driven by discussion of an individual's values, wishes, and preferences

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [28th ed. 2009]

The 2009 edition of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 28th production of the print directory and the 9th year of the online version. The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. However, additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation Web sites, annual reports, and newsletters. Wisconsin foundations have continued to grow in key areas even with the economic downturn. Active grantmaking foundations now number 1,286, with 54 new foundations identified. Total grants increased to an all-time high of $507 million, a 7$6.8 billion.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1000/thumbnail.jp

Restraint of a Disciplined Form

&nbsp; The function of an object is arbitrary and therefore left to the viewer. A manufactured object generally has an assigned function, but that is not its only possible function and in some cases not necessarily its best. It was Rene Magritte who said, "No object is so attached to its name that another cannot be found that suits it as well." It is the same with function. In my objects I reassign function but depend upon the reference to the original function to complete the meaning. In using the bone as one of my principal elements, I am displaying it to perform multiple functions simultaneously. The use of the bone in its original function of a structural support is retained, but also and more importantly it is the use of the implications of the bone. Bones belong to animate objects. This association that cannot be overlooked is that which I am utilizing to indicate a presence. Then using this as a basis I manipulate the implication of that presence to create a different sense of reality.</p