Geographical Branch program of ice surveys of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1956 to 1962

Depuis 1956, la Direction de la géographie du Ministère des mines et des relevés techniques a entrepris l’étude systématique de la formation de la glace dans le golfe Saint-Laurent. Cette étude a pour but notamment d'éclairer les conditions de la navigation dans cette région pendant l'hiver. L'auteur décrit les techniques utilisées pour cette étude, en particulier les relevés aériens, et les principaux résultats obtenus jusqu'ici. Il en profite pour signaler les publications déjà nombreuses auxquelles ont donné lieu ces recherches. L'article se termine par la définition d'une série de termes couramment utilisés maintenant dans l'étude de la glace

Variable pitch fan system for NASA/Navy research and technology aircraft

Preliminary design of a shaft driven, variable-pitch lift fan and lift-cruise fan was conducted for a V/STOL Research and Technology Aircraft. The lift fan and lift-cruise fan employed a common rotor of 157.5 cm diameter, 1.18 pressure ratio variable-pitch fan designed to operate at a rotor-tip speed of 284 mps. Fan performance maps were prepared and detailed aerodynamic characteristics were established. Cost/weight/risk trade studies were conducted for the blade and fan case. Structural sizing was conducted for major components and weights determined for both the lift and lift-cruise fans

An Examination of US Consumer Pet and Veterinary Expenditures, 1980-1999

The veterinary medical profession touches nearly everyone's life, either directly or indirectly. An estimated 58.3% of US households own pets (AVMA, 2002), and most people consume livestock products in the form of meat, dairy products, wool, or leather. The health and well being of all these animals depend heavily on relationships with veterinarians. Veterinarians also contribute to public health through the FDA, CDC, USDA, and numerous other government agencies at the federal, state, and local levels. Issues of primary concern include food safety, biosecurity, and the numerous emerging (and re-emerging) infectious diseases that are zoonotic in nature. Finally, veterinarians have an additional impact through their research contributions. Virtually all of the laboratory animals used in research are raised, housed, and managed under the care of veterinarians, and veterinary researchers regularly provide valuable contributions to the knowledge base in the biomedical sciences. This study was designed to assess the general trends in pet and veterinary expenditures as well as factors associated with pet ownership and expenditures on veterinary medical services. Providing such key information on the sector of greatest economic importance will enhance the probability of sustained economic viability in the veterinary medical profession as a whole.Health Economics and Policy,

Number 3 (November 1976)

Status of the Watercress Darter. By W.M. Howell and A. Black, plus News Notes, 4 pp

Effects of low level military training flights on wading bird colonies in Florida

During 1983 and 1984 the effect of low level military training flights on the establishment. size and reproductive success of wading bird colonies was studied in Florida. Based on the indirect evidence of colony distributions and turnover rates in relation to military areas (training routes designated to 500 feet or less above ground level and military operations areas). there was no demonstrated effect of military activity on wading bird colony establishment or size on a statewide basis. Colony distributions were random with respect to military areas and turnover rates were within 2% when military and non-military areas were compared. Colony distributions and turnover rates, however. were related to the amount and type.Les tuer-tne or freshwater) of wetland. respectively. During two breeding seasons the behavioral responses and reproductive success of selected species were monitored in a non-habituated treatment colony (military overflights) and a control colony (no overflights). Breeding wading birds responded to F-16 overflights at 420 knots indicated airspeed. 82-84% maximum rpm. 500 feet above ground level and sound levels ranging from 55-100 dBA by exhibiting no response. looking up or changing position (usually to an alert posture): no productivity limiting responses were observed. High-nesting Great Egrets responded more than other species, nestling Great Egrets and Cattle Egrets responded significantly (r <.05) more intensely than adults of their respective species, and adults responded less during incubation and late chick-rearing than at other times. In addition, no differences in adult attendance, aggressive interactions or chick feeding rates were observed to result from F-16 overflights. No evidence of habituation to overflights was noted. Humans entering the colony or airboats approaching the colony vicinity elicited the most severe responses (flushing and panic flights) observed at both sites. Since relatively little coastal military activity occurs at low levels ( ~500 ft) and only one Brown Pelican colony (5-6% of the breeding population) was located in such an area, the reproductive success of five, more lIexposedll study species (Great Egrets, Snowy Egrets, Tricolored Herons, Little Blue Herons, Cattle Egrets) nesting in interior freshwater colonies was studied. Reproductive activity including such factors as nest success, nestling survival, nestling mortality, and nesting chronology was independent of F-16 overflights but related to ecological factors including colony location, colony characteristics and climatology. The responses to and effects of F-16 overflights, as reported here, should not be considered representative of military aircraft at lower altitudes or greater noise levels. (194 pages

Winter wheat: A model for the simulation of growth and yield in winter wheat

The basic ideas and constructs for a general physical/physiological process level winter wheat simulation model are documented. It is a materials balance model which calculates daily increments of photosynthate production and respiratory losses in the crop canopy. The partitioning of the resulting dry matter to the active growing tissues in the plant each day, transpiration and the uptake of nitrogen from the soil profile are simulated. It incorporates the RHIZOS model which simulates, in two dimensions, the movement of water, roots, and soluble nutrients through the soil profile. It records the time of initiation of each of the plant organs. These phenological events are calculated from temperature functions with delays resulting from physiological stress. Stress is defined mathematically as an imbalance in the metabolite supply; demand ratio. Physiological stress is also the basis for the calculation of rates of tiller and floret abortion. Thus, tillering and head differentiation are modeled as the resulants of the two processes, morphogenesis and abortion, which may be occurring simulaneously

CALCULATION OF THE MINIMUM NUMBER OF REPLICATE SPOTS REQUIRED FOR DETECTION OF SIGNIFICANT GENE EXPRESSION FOLD CHANGE IN MICROARRA Y EXPERIMENTS

Calculations for the number of per gene replicate spots in microarray experiments are presented for the purpose of obtaining estimates of the sampling variability present in microarray data, and for determining the minimum number of replicate spots required to achieve a high probability of detecting a significant fold change in gene expression. Our approach is based on data from control microarrays, and employs standard statistical estimation techniques. We have demonstrated the usefulness of our framework by analyzing two experimental data sets containing control array data. The minimum number of replicate spots required on a treatment array were calculated to achieve detection of a 3-fold increase in expression with 90%, 95% or 99% confidence. The inclusion of replicate spots on microarrays not only allows more accurate estimation of the variability present in an experiment, but more importantly increases the probability of detecting genes undergoing significant fold changes in expression, while substantially decreasing the probability of observing fold changes due to chance rather than true differential expression

Intensive Archaeological Survey Investigations of a Proposed 125-Acre Lakewood Community Park for the City of Leander, Williamson County, Texas

Report Title: Intensive Archaeological Survey Investigations of a Proposed 125-Acre Lakewood Community Park for the City of Leander, Williamson County, Texas Report Date: August 2015 Report Number: WSA Technical Report No. 2015-21 Agency: none Permit Number: Texas Antiquities Code Permit 7296 Project Description: WSA, Inc. (WSA) conducted a 100% pedestrian archaeological survey with shovel testing for the proposed City of Leander, Lakewood Community Park in Williamson County, Texas. The project is sponsored by the City of Leander Parks and Recreation Department and owned by the City of Leander and the investigations are subject to the Texas Antiquities Code (TAC) and TAC permitting. The project was conducted under Texas Antiquities Permit 7296. A total of 27 pedestrian transects were surveyed at 30 m intervals, and two additional transects were conducted parallel to the shoreline. A total of 40 negative shovel tests were excavated in compliance with the THC minimum survey standards for acreage based projects. One prehistoric lithic scatter archaeological site was identified during the investigations (41WM1308). The site consists of a low density, displaced area of tested chert cobbles and flakes confined to the ground surface. No subsurface artifacts were present and no artifacts were collected. No other cultural resources were observed or identified in the project area. Previously recorded prehistoric archaeological site 41WM1159 overlaps the eastern border of the proposed project. The site was not revisited due to the construction of a bermed earthen dam and gravel road in the site area and inundation. This site was previously recorded as a surficial lithic scatter with no observed features and recommended as not eligible for inclusion on the NRHP or as a SAL. Acres Surveyed: 125 Project Number: WSA 2015-27 Project Location: City of Leander, Williamson County, Texas Unevaluated Properties: 0 NRHP Eligible Properties: 0 NRHP Ineligible Properties: 1 (41WM1308) NRHP Listed Properties: 0 Isolated Occurrences: 0 Total Project Resources: 1 Recommendations: Site 41WM1308 is recommended as not eligible as a State Antiquities Landmark (SAL) nor as eligible to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). WSA requests THC concurrence that site 41WM1308 is not SAL or NRHP eligible and that the site does not warrant any further archaeological investigations. WSA concludes that there exists a low probability that cultural resources eligible for SAL or NRHP listing exist on the surveyed property based on pedestrian survey and negative shovel testing. WSA respectfully requests THC concurrence with the conclusion that there exists a low probability that significant NRHP- or SAL-eligible cultural resources will be impacted by the proposed project. WSA recommends and respectfully requests THC concurrence that with regards to SALs, project construction within the areas of proposed ground disturbance be allowed to proceed under the TAC, and that all TAC permit consultation for the proposed project be considered concluded and complete. All project records will be submitted for professional curation and permanently housed at the Texas Archaeological Research Laboratory (TARL) of the University of Texas at Austin, in partial completion of TAC Permit 7296

Mass return to the interstellar medium from highly-evolved carbon stars

Data produced by the Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS) was surveyed at the mid- and far-infrared wavelengths. Visually-identified carbon stars in the 12/25/60 micron color-color diagram were plotted, along with the location of a number of mass-losing stars that lie near the location of the carbon stars, but are not carbon rich. The final sample consisted of 619 objects, which were estimated to be contaminated by 7 % noncarbon-rich objects. The mass return rate was estimated for all evolved circumstellar envelopes. The IRAS Point Source Catalog (PSC) was also searched for the entire class of stars with excess emission. Mass-loss rates, lifetimes, and birthrates for evolved stars were also estimated