Nonverbal intelligence of soccer players according to their age, gender and educational level

AbstractThis study was to investigate the nonverbal intelligence of soccer players according to their age, gender and educational level. For this purpose, data were collected from 353 soccer players using adapted version of the TONI-2. The soccer players had a mean age of 14.78 years. Collected data was analyzed by ANOVA for age groups, t statistics for comparisons of gender and level of education. ANOVA and t statistics of the data revealed the significant differences between age groups, gender and level of education. Multiple comparisons showed that TONI-2 points increased with the age from 13 through 17 in order. Results also indicated that female players from male players and high school players from secondary school players have higher TONI-2 points in soccer

Matematikspelet

Matematikämnet och elevers bristande kunskaper i ämnet, har starkt uppmärksammats senaste åren. Vi har konstruerat ett matematikspel i syfte att införa ett arbetssätt i undervisningen, som bygger på pedagogiska faktorer såsom kommunikation, reflektion, social aktivitet och motivation. Målgruppen har främst varit förstaårselever vid gymnasiet. I denna undersökning har såväl elever som lärare och andra pedagoger deltagit i syfte att värdera spelets funktioner som en del av undervisningen. Det centrala har varit hur och om spelet kan stimulera elevers motivation och kommunikation i positiv riktning för att på så sätt skapa förutsättningar för ett bättre lärande. Resultaten kom i stora drag beskriva spelet och spelandet i sig som ett positivt förfarande. Dessa belyste också behovet av en mer varierad undervisning

Nonverbal intelligence of soccer players according to their level of play

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nonverbal intelligence of soccer players according to their level of play. For this purpose, data were collected from 312 male soccer players (aged 14.71 +/- 1.38 years). using adapted version of the TONI-2. Collected data was analyzed by ANOVA and LSD Test for comparisons of significant differences. Analysis revealed the significant differences between A, B and C Level of Soccer players (p<.02). It seems that TONI-2 points go up with the increase of age and level of play. However, future researchers could control the level of play for each age group to have more conclusive results in soccer. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved