Tailored implementation of national recommendations on fall prevention among older adults in municipalities in Norway (FALLPREVENT trial): a study protocol for a cluster-randomised trial

Background: Despite substantial research evidence indicating the effectiveness of a range of interventions to pre- vent falls, uptake into routine clinical practice has been limited by several implementation challenges. The complexity of fall prevention in municipality health care underlines the importance of flexible implementation strategies tailored both to general determinants of fall prevention and to local contexts. This cluster-randomised trial (RCT) investigates the effectiveness of a tailored intervention to implement national recommendations on fall prevention among older home-dwelling adults compared to usual practice on adherence to the recommendations in health professionals.Methods: Twenty-five municipalities from four regions in Norway will be randomised to intervention or control arms. Each municipality cluster will recruit up to 30 health professionals to participate in the study as responders. The tailored implementation intervention comprises four components: (1) identifying local structures for implementation, (2) establishing a resource team from different professions and levels, (3) promoting knowledge on implementation and fall prevention and (4) supporting the implementation process. Each of these components includes several implementation activities. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) will be used to categorise determinants of the implementation process and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) will guide the matching of barriers to implementation strategies. The primary outcome measure for the study will be health professionals’ adherence to the national recommendations on fall prevention measured by a questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include injurious falls, the feasibility of the intervention, the experiences of the implementation process and intervention costs. Measurements will be carried out at baseline in August 2023, post-intervention in May 2024 and at a follow-up in November 2024.Discussion: This study will provide evidence on the effectiveness, intervention costs and underlying processes of change of tailored implementation of evidence-based fall prevention recommendations.Trial registration: The trial is registered in the Open Science Registry: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/JQ9T5. Regis- tered: March 03, 2023.<br/

Great Expectations: The Determinants of Female University Enrolment in Europe

We empirically investigate the determinants of the female decision of investing in post-secondary education, focusing on the role played by the context where young women take their education decision. We first develop a stylized two-period model to analyze the female decision of investing in education and highlight two main determinants: the time to be devoted to child care and the probability of working in a skilled job. We then use data on educational decisions of women in the 17-21 age group drawn from EU-Silc, available for the years 2004-2008. From the same survey we construct context indicators at the regional level, and exploit regional variability to identify how women's educational investment reacts to changes in the surrounding context. We find that the share of working women with children below 5 and the share of women with managerial positions or self-employed positively affect the probability that women enrol in post-secondary education. The same does not hold for men

Forskning og forsøk i landbruket : rester av DDT og PCB i omgivelsene i et norsk fruktdistrikt to år etter forbudet mot bruk av DDT

Inneholder flere artiklerThe aim of this study was to describe the extent of DDT contamination, two years after the DDT ban in a district with extensive fruit growing. Samples of different organisms, and soil inside and outside a pear orchard, was collected in 1972 at a fruit district in Sogn and analysed for DDT, DDE, DDD (together called Σ -DDT), o,p'-DDT and PCBs

Forskning og forsøk i landbruket : rester av DDT og PCB i omgivelsene i et norsk fruktdistrikt to år etter forbudet mot bruk av DDT

The aim of this study was to describe the extent of DDT contamination, two years after the DDT ban in a district with extensive fruit growing. Samples of different organisms, and soil inside and outside a pear orchard, was collected in 1972 at a fruit district in Sogn and analysed for DDT, DDE, DDD (together called Σ -DDT), o,p'-DDT and PCBs

Punishment should fit the crime: an assessment of the French reform of minimum mandatory penalties

Law-and-economics, Crime, Punishment, Judge behavior, K42,