Challenges For An Independent Asian Human Rights Commission

While there exists a solid body of principles and a wide-ranging and growing number of institutions currently working to promote and protect human rights in Asia, there have unfortunately been few consolidated regional efforts for legal enforcement against violations. An Asian Human Rights Commission is the most logical and sought after body for this purpose

Backscattering Differential Ghost Imaging in Turbid Media

In this Letter we present experimental results concerning the retrieval of images of absorbing objects immersed in turbid media via differential ghost imaging (DGI) in a backscattering configuration. The method has been applied, for the first time to our knowledge, to the imaging of small thin black objects located at different depths inside a turbid solution of polystyrene nanospheres and its performances assessed via comparison with standard imaging techniques. A simple theoretical model capable of describing the basic optics of DGI in turbid media is proposed.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

International Perception Of Corruption

The discussion of corruption and bribery in most auditing textbooks focuses only on the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act which is an amendment to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  As the US moves toward the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and international auditing standards, an understanding of international legislation pertaining to corruption and the perception of corruption in specific countries are important.  This paper provides an overview of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Anti-bribery Convention. While prior literature has discussed the impact of both the FCPA and OECD on corruption and bribery, this paper extends prior literature by providing an update on phase II the OECD and examines how the OECD countries are viewed in comparison to non OECD countries using five publicly available measures of corruption.  Corruption indices that can be purchased are also identified.  Our findings show that the highest ranked OECD countries across the corruption indices are Denmark, Finland and New Zealand while the lowest ranked OECD countries are Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Turkey.  One non-OECD country, Singapore, consistently received high scores (low corruption) across the indices. 

Properties of composite of closure operations and choice functions

The equivalence of the family of FDs is among many hottest topics that get a lot of attention and consideration currently. There are many equivalent descriptions of the family of FDs. The closure operation and choice function are two of them. Major results of this paper are the properties of the composite function of the choice functions and closure operations. The first parts of this paper address the theories of the composite function of two choice functions and the sufficient and necessary condition of a composite function of two choice functions to be a choice function. Rest of the paper addresses the sufficient and necessary condition of a composite function of more than two choice functions to be a choice function and a composite function of more than two closure operations to be a closure operation

The coherent interaction between matter and radiation - A tutorial on the Jaynes-Cummings model

The Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model is a milestone in the theory of coherent interaction between a two-level system and a single bosonic field mode. This tutorial aims to give a complete description of the model, analyzing the Hamiltonian of the system, its eigenvalues and eigestates, in order to characterize the dynamics of system and subsystems. The Rabi oscillations, together with the collapse and revival effects, are distinguishing features of the JC model and are important for applications in Quantum Information theory. The framework of cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) is chosen and two fundamental experiments on the coherent interaction between Rydberg atoms and a single cavity field mode are described.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures. Tutorial. Submitted to a special issue of EPJ - ST devoted to the memory of Federico Casagrand

Distribusi Spasial Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Kabupaten Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia yang perlu mendapat perhatian serius karena di beberapa daerah masih sering terjadi kejadian luar biasa. Di Kabupaten Banyumas kasus DBD selalu tinggi setiap tahunnya, tahun 2011 jumlah kasus menurun dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan distribusi spasial dari DBD di Kabupaten Banyumas berdasarkan lokasi, ketinggian, tataguna lahan, dan kepadatan penduduk serta pola kasus berdasarkan curah hujan. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan penelusuran data sekunder kasus DBD di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas. Data peta topografi skala 1: 25000 diperoleh dari Information ofGeospasial Unit dan Bappeda Kabupaten Banyumas. Proses pengolahan data dan analisis spasial DBD secara tumpang susun menggunakan aplikasi Arc Gis.10. Jumlah kasus DBD tahun 2012 sebesar 200, tersebar hampir di setiap kecamatan (75 %). Terdapat klaster kasus DBD di wilayah Purwokerto Timur, Purwokerto Selatan dan Purwokerto Utara yang merupakan daerah dataran rendah (12 -250) mdpl, lingkungan pemukiman dekat persawahan, serta merupakan area perkotaan dengan pemukiman padat penduduk. Pola kasus meningkat pada bulan Januari-Mei sesuai dengan pola musim hujan yang meningkat pada bulan tersebut. Secara spasial kasus DBD terzonasi di wilayah dataran rendah dengan pemukiman padat penduduk dekat persawahan. Kasus DBD meningkat pada saat musim hujan tinggi antara Januari – Mei

Leptospirosis Pada Manusia Di Kabupaten Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah

. Leptospirosis is one of infected diseases that caused by bacteria pathogen called Leptospira Sp,transmitted direct or indirect from infected animal to human, also known as zoonotic deseases. Indonesia includein middle category for leptospirosis incidence with 1-10 per 100.000 population.Leptospirosis in Central Java at2011 reported in Demak, Purworejo, Klaten, Pati, Wonogiri, Cilacap, Jepara District, Semarang District andSemarang City. Clinical leptospirosis in Banyumas District found but underreported. Aimed of this research wasto confirm leptospirosis at human in Banyumas district. Cross sectional design by case screening in 3 hospital and2 Primary Health Care at Juni-November 2012. Sera from patient examine by leptotec IgG IgM and MAT(Microscopic Aglutination Test), risk factor tracer had been done in patient from Banyumas. As much 25 clinicalleptospirosis examinated with laboratory test showed 6 serra positive by leptotec IgG IgM and with MAT(Microscopic Aglutination Test). MAT test showed 4 sera clinical leptospirosis that reactive with Leptospira Spand 1 negative but reactive at low titre 1:80. Risk factor of leptospirosis was flood and poor housing, bad hygienesanitation, bad waste management. Leptospirosis case confirmed in Banyuma