Wpływ dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej oraz wybranych adipokin na insulinooporność w stanie przedcukrzycowym

  Introduction: The risk of developing insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome is particularly high in central obesity. In this study we evaluated the effects of fat distribution and some adipokines on insulin resistance in prediabetic patients. Material and methods: Eighty-seven age- and sex-matched patients were divided into three groups according to their 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test results as follows: impaired fasting glucose group, impaired glucose tolerance group, and normal glucose tolerance group. Fasting insulin levels were measured. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated. Body fat mass measurements were assessed by bioelectric impedance analyser and abdominal fat thicknesses (subcutaneous, visceral, and preperitoneal) by ultrasonography. The fasting serum levels of several adipokines [adiponectin, leptin, resistin, vaspin, visfatin, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)] were measured by ELISA method. Results: The mean body mass index, fat mass measurements, and abdominal fat thicknesses of the groups were similar. There were no differences between groups in terms of the mean fasting insulin, vaspin, RBP-4, leptin, resistin, and TNF-alpha. In comparison of the prediabetic and normal groups, the levels of adiponectin (p < 0.001) and visfatin (p < 0.001) were lower in the prediabetic group. Furthermore, we found that high body mass index (p < 0.01) and fat mass (p < 0.01) and low adiponectin (p < 0.05) levels have roles in the development of insulin resistance in the prediabetic group. Conclusions: We suggested that in the prediabetic period not only obesity but also decreased adiponectin levels play some role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 277–282)    Wstęp: Ryzyko rozwoju insulinooporności i zespołu metabolicznego zwiększa się zwłaszcza u osób z otyłością centralną. W niniejszym badaniu oceniono wpływ dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej i wybranych adipokin na insulinooporność u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Materiał i metody: Osiemdziesięciu siedmiu chorych dobranych pod względem wieku I płci podzielono na 3 grupy w zależności od wyniku testu doustnego obciążenia 75 g glukozy: osoby z nieprawidłową glikemią na czczo, osoby z nieprawidłową tolerancją glukozy i osoby z prawidłową tolerancją glukozy. Zmierzono stężenie insulin na czczo. Do oszacowania insulinooporności zastosowano model homeostazy. Masę tkanki tłuszczowej oceniono za pomocą analizatora bioimpedancji elektrycznej, a grubość brzusznej tkanki tłuszczowej (podskórnej, trzewnej i przedotrzewnowej) zmierzono metodą ultrasonograficzną. Stężenie na czczo w surowicy kilku adipokin (adiponektyna, leptyna, rezystyna, waspina, wisfatyna, białko wiążące retinol-4 [RBP-4], czynnik martwicy nowotworów alfa [TNF-alfa]) zmierzono, stosując metodę ELISA. Wyniki: Średni wskaźnik masy ciała, masa tkanki tłuszczowej I grubość brzusznej tkanki tłuszczowej były podobne we wszystkich grupach. Nie stwierdzono różnic między grupami pod względem średniego stężenia insuliny na czczo ani stężeń waspiny, RBP-4, leptyny, rezystyny i TNF-alfa. W porównaniu grup ze stanem cukrzycowym i grupy z prawidłową tolerancją glukozy wykazano, że stężenia adiponektyny (p < 0,001) i wisfatyny (p < 0,001) były niższe u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Ponadto stwierdzono, że wysoki wskaźnik masy ciała (p < 0,01) i duża masa tkanki tłuszczowej (p < 0,01) oraz niskie stężenie adiponektyny (p < 0,05) przyczyniają się do rozwoju insulinooporności u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Wnioski: Autorzy sugerują, że nie tylko otyłość, ale również obniżenie stężenia adiponektyny odgrywają pewną rolę w patogenezie insulinooporności w okresie przedcukrzycowym. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 277–282)

AN EXTENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF FLOW CONDITIONERS INSIDE A FI-FI MONITOR

As it is known, to provide fire protection for any type of surface vessel, external fire-fighting (EFF) systems have been commonly used for decades as well as in coastal regions. These types of systems exist on several types of vessels such as fire-fighting ships, tugboats, supply vessels and naval vessels. Flow conditioners can be used in the EFF systems to provide better performance by regulating the flow inside the fi-fi monitor. In the present study, a fire-fighting (fi-fi) monitor was designed and different flow conditioners were implemented into the fi-fi monitor. A unique flow conditioner was designed in addition to the recommended ones by ISO 5167-3 in order to improve the performance of the flow conditioner in terms of head ratio and flow rate. A commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver was used to investigate the performance of the different flow conditioners. Before comparing the numerical results of different flow conditioners, the numerical model was validated with the experimental data and verified with appropriate methods. The results showed that the unique flow conditioner successfully regulates the streamlines and it has better performance than the recommended ones by ISO 5167-3 in terms of flow rate and head ratio. As the last part of the study, the effect of unique flow conditioner length was investigated and the best length was determined

Examination of communication skills of physical education and sports teacher candidate students: Example of faculty of sports sciences: Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adayı öğrencilerin iletişim becerilerinin incelenmesi: Spor bilimleri fakültesi örneği

This study aimed to examine the communication skills of students who are studying in the physical education teaching department of the faculties of sports sciences and physical education and sports teacher candidates participating and pedagogical formation certificate program, according to demographic variables. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 377 students, 145 women and 232 men, who continue their education in the physical education teaching, coaching education, and sports management departments of the faculties of sports sciences in the 2019-2020 academic year. Personal information form and the “Communication Skills Scale” that is developed by Korkut Owen and Bugay (2014) were used as data collection tools. Since the data did not show a normal distribution, non-parametric tests were analyzed and descriptive statistics were used. According to the findings obtained, it was observed that the communication skills of the students were high in the sub-dimensions of “communication principles basic skills”, “self-expression”, “active listening and non-verbal communication" and close to high in the “willingness to communicate” sub-dimension. It was determined that the communication skills of the students differed according to their gender and grade levels, and did not differ according to their participation in the departments and pedagogical formation certificate program. As a result, it can be stated that the communication skills of the students studying in the faculties of sports sciences and participating in the pedagogical formation certificate program are generally high, and there is no difference between the students studying in the physical education department and the students participating in the pedagogical formation certificate program. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.   Özet   Bu çalışma, spor bilimleri fakültelerinin beden eğitimi öğretmenliği bölümü ve pedagojik formasyon sertifika programına katılan beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adayı olan öğrencilerin demografik değişkenlere göre iletişim becerilerinin incelenmesini amaçlamıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, 2019-2020 eğitim ve öğretim yılında spor bilimleri fakültelerinin beden eğitimi öğretmenliği, antrenörlük eğitimi ve spor yöneticiliği bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 145 kadın, 232 erkek olmak üzere toplam 377 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu ve Korkut Owen ve Bugay (2014) tarafından geliştirilen “İletişim Becerileri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, normal dağılım göstermediğinden non-parametrik testlerle analiz edilmiştir ve tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; öğrencilerin iletişim becerilerinin; “iletişim ilkeleri temel beceriler”,  “kendini ifade etme”, “etkin dinleme-sözel olmayan iletişim” alt boyutlarında yüksek; “iletişim kurmaya isteklilik” alt boyutunda ise yükseğe yakın oldukları görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin iletişim becerilerinin cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeylerine göre farklılaştığı; bölüm ve pedagojik formasyon sertifika programına katılma durumlarına göre farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; spor bilimleri fakültelerinde öğrenim gören ve pedagojik formasyon sertifika programına katılan öğrencilerin iletişim becerilerinin genel olarak yüksek, beden eğitimi bölümünde eğitim alan öğrenciler ile pedagojik formasyon sertifika programına katılan öğrenciler arasında farklılık olmadığı ifade edilebilir

Absolute properties of the neglected eclipsing B-type binary HD 194495

We present the results of the high-resolution spectroscopic observations of the neglected binary system HD\,194495 (B3\,IV-V+B4\,V). A combined analysis of three different photometric data set ($Tycho$ B$_T$ and V$_T$ photometry, H$_p$-band data of $Hipparcos$ and $V-$band data of ASAS3 photometry) and radial velocities indicates that the system has an orbital period of 4.90494 $\pm$ 0.00005 days and an inclination of 69$\pm$1 degrees. This solution yields masses and radii of $M_{\rm 1}$ = 7.57$\pm$0.08 $M_{\odot}$ and $R_{\rm 1}$ = 5.82$\pm$0.03 $R_{\odot}$ for the primary and $M_{\rm 2}$ = 5.46$\pm$0.09 $M_{\odot}$ and $R_{\rm 2}$ = 3.14$\pm$0.08 $R_{\odot}$ for the secondary. Based on the position of the two stars plotted on a theoretical H-R diagram, we find that the age of the system is $\gtrsim$ 28 Myr, according to stellar evolutionary models. The spectroscopic and photometric results are in agreement with those obtained using theoretical predictions.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables; New Astronomy, 201

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra–West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe

KOCAELİ MÜZESİ’NDE BULUNAN BİR GRUP FİBULA

Bu çalışmanın konusunu Kocaeli Müzesi’nde bulunan bir grup fibula oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, mü-zede korunan ve daha önce yayınlanmamış fibulaları ta-nıtmak dışında, konu ile ilgili ileride yapılacak bilimsel çalışmalara istatiksel veri de sağlamaktır. Bunun için bir katalog çalışması yapılmış olup kronolojik düzene göre sı-ralama yapılmıştır. Çalışma ile birlikte müze envanterine kayıtlı yedi adet fibula incelenmiştir. Bunların beş tanesi-nin Frig, bir tanesinin Levant kökenli olduğu tespit edil-miştir. Figürlü olması nedeniyle ünik olarak değerlendir-diğimiz bir başka fibulanın ise Roma İmparatorluk Dö-nemi’ne ait olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca incelenen fibula-ların en erken tarihli olanının M.Ö. 8. yüzyılın son çeyre-ğine, en geç tarihli olanının ise M.S. 4. yüzyıla ait olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Eserlerin tamamı bronzdan üretilmiş ol-makla birlikte Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne ait örneğin bronz üzerine altın kaplamalı olduğu anlaşılmıştır.This paper deals with a group ancient bronze fibulae exhibited in the Kocaeli Museum. The aim of this research is to provide statistical data for future scientific studies on the subject, as well as to introduce previously unpublished fibulae preserved in Kocaeli Museum. A cat-alog was prepared and sorted according to the chronolog-ical order. Seven fibulae, registered in the museum inven-tory were examined with this study. Five of them were of Phrygian and one of them was of Levantine origin. An-other fibula which we considered unique due to its figura-tive nature was understood to belong to the Roman Impe-rial Period. In addition, the earliest fibulae belongs to the last quarter of the 8th century BC and the latest one be-longs tothe 4th century AD. All of the works are made of bronze. However, the example of the Roman Imperial Pe-riod is gold plated on bronze

Bolu Müzesi Bronz Fibulalari

This paper addresses the ancient bronze fibulaeexhibited in the Bolu Museum. The aim of this researchwas to provide statistical data for future scientific studieson the subject, as well as to introduce previously unpublished fibulae in Bolu Museum. Bolu Museum to date has19 bronze fibulae. With careful study, each reveals a different typological character. As a result of our research, wehave identified 12 Phrygian Fibulae forming the largest setof fibulae in the Bolu Museum collection. Especially examples found in the Göynük province and Alan Village formimportant indicators of a relationship with Phrygia. As amatter of fact, Phrygian fibulae are the only group whichshows local features in the collection. Urartu fibulae arerepresented by 3 examples; 2 fibulae are Roman, while therest of the fibulae are understood to have originated fromthe Levant and Cypriot-Greek regions. The earliest fibulaein the collection are likely to date from about the lastquarter of the VIIIth century B.C. while the latest date fromthe last quarter of the IVth century A.D. All of the fibulaeare of bronze.Bu makalede Bolu Müzesi’nde sergilenmekte olanantik bronz fibulalar konu edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanınamacı, Bolu Müzesi’nde korunan ve daha önce yayınlanmamış fibula’ları tanıtmak dışında konu ile ilgili ileride yapılacak bilimsel çalışmalara istatiksel veri sağlamaktır. Günümüzde Bolu Müzesi’nde 19 adet bronzfibula bulunmaktadır. Bu fibulalar dikkatli incelendiklerinde, her birinin farklı tipolojik özelliğe sahip olduğugöze çarpmaktadır. Yaptığımız incelemeler, Bolu Müzesi koleksiyonunda, 12 örnek ile temsil edilen Phrygfibulalarının en kalabalık grubu oluşturduğunu göstermiştir. Özellikle Göynük ilçesi, Alan Köyü’nde bulunmuş örnekler Phryg ilişkisinin en önemli göstergesidir.Bu nedenle Phryg fibulaları, aynı zamanda koleksiyoniçinde yerel özellik gösteren tek gruptur. Urartu fibulaları ise 3 örnek ile temsil edilmektedir. Bu grubu, 2 örnek ile Roma Dönemi’ne ait fibulalar izlemektedir. Gerikalan, birer örneğin ise köken bakımından Levant veKıbrıs-Hellas Bölgeleri ile ilişkili oldukları anlaşılmıştır.Ayrıca incelenen fibulaların en erken tarihli olanınınMÖ VIII. yüzyılın son çeyreğine, en geç tarihli olanınınise MS IV. yüzyıla ait olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bahsigeçen eserlerin tamamı bronzdan üretilmiştir

Growth performances of seed sources in a progeny trial of Pinus brutia Ten. : Growth performances in a progeny trial of Pinus brutia Ten.

Progeny trial is a scientific plantation established for different forestry purposes such as selection and establishment of seed sources. Tree height and diameter at breast height were examined in a 23-year-old progeny trial established by seedlings of five seed orchard populations and five seed stand populations which were mother/base populations of the orchards in Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) to compare the seed sources for the traits in this study. Trees of seed orchard populations showed higher growth performances than that of seed stand populations for the traits. Most of the seed stand populations had higher tree height than their seed orchard populations opposite to diameter at breast height. While seed sources were similar (p>0.05), populations showed significant (p<0.05) differences for both traits according to results of analyses of variance. Tree height was more homogenous than diameter at breast based on Duncan’s multiple range tests and coefficients of variations. Positive and significant correlation (p<0.05) was found between the traits in both seed stand populations and seed orchard populations