Reflexes of organizational management in the use of tax incentives of technological innovation

Este estudo investiga os reflexos da gestão organizacional na utilização dos incentivos fiscais de inovação tecnológica (Lei nº 11.196) (BRASIL, 2005). Pesquisa descritiva foi realizada por meio de estudo de múltiplos casos e abordagem qualitativa dos dados. A amostra da pesquisa foi constituída de sete empresas do ramo industrial e de prestação de serviços que utilizaram a Lei do Bem. Os resultados revelam que as empresas atribuem elevada importância para a legislação que retrata incentivos para investimentos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento em inovação tecnológica, e a viabilização de novos projetos de pesquisa para o desenvolvimento de processos, serviços e produtos. Concluiu-se que os benefícios estão relacionados a redução dos custos operacionais, aumento nos investimentos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento, melhoria na competitividade das empresas, incremento no desempenho organizacional e na geração de oportunidades de trabalho. Por outro lado, os achados indicam que há dificuldades quanto aos níveis de conhecimento e comprometimento dos profissionais das áreas de contabilidade e projetos para a execução e aproveitamento dos benefícios oriundos da Lei nº 11.196/2005.This study investigates the reflexes of organizational management in the use of tax incentives for technological innovation (Law nº 11.196) (BRASIL, 2005). Descriptive research was performed through multiple case studies and qualitative data approach. The research sample consisted of seven companies from the industrial and service sectors that used the Law of Good. The results reveal that companies attach great importance to the legislation that represents incentives for research and development investments in technological innovation, and the feasibility of new research projects for the development of processes, services and products. It was concluded that the benefits are related to the reduction of operating costs, increase in investments in research and development, improvement in the competitiveness of companies, increase in organizational performance and generation of job opportunities. On the other hand, the findings indicate that there are difficulties regarding the levels of knowledge and commitment of the accounting and project professionals to the execution and use of benefits derived from Law nº 11.196/2005

Displasia do Desenvolvimento do Quadril: triagem e tratamento, uma revisão sistemática.

Objective: The general objective of the present study is to analyze the scientific production on screening methods used for the early and timely diagnosis of DDH, in addition to investigating the resources and therapeutic methods available for its treatment. Methodology: The searches were carried out through searches in the PubMed Central (PMC) databases. and Virtual Health Library (VHL). Six descriptors were used in combination with the Boolean term “AND”: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip, Orthopedics, Clinical Diagnosis, Risk Factors, pediatrics and Signs and Symptoms. 200 articles were found, subsequently submitted to the selection criteria. 16 studies were selected. Results: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is considered the most common congenital disease of the musculoskeletal system that affects newborns, DDH represents a wide spectrum of pathology, if not treated properly it can cause complications such as secondary damage to the femur, destruction of articular cartilage and even severe impairment of movement. Conclusion: Clinical screening for DDH is considered advantageous over no screening, both in terms of cost and favorable results. The management of DDH varies according to two factors, age and the severity of the disease. In babies under six months of age, the recommendation is to apply an abduction splint and control the progression of the disease through serial ultrasound. If there is no adequate response to immobilization, the baby may undergo a surgical procedure.Objetivo: El objetivo general del presente estudio es analizar la producción científica sobre los métodos de tamizaje utilizados para el diagnóstico temprano y oportuno de la DDC, además de investigar los recursos y métodos terapéuticos disponibles para su tratamiento. Metodología: Las búsquedas se realizaron a través de búsquedas en las bases de datos PubMed Central (PMC). y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). Se utilizaron seis descriptores en combinación con el término booleano “AND”: Displasia del Desarrollo de la Cadera, Ortopedia, Diagnóstico Clínico, Factores de Riesgo, Pediatría y Signos y Síntomas. Se encontraron 200 artículos, posteriormente sometidos a los criterios de selección. Se seleccionaron 16 estudios. Resultados: La displasia del desarrollo de cadera (DDH) es considerada la enfermedad congénita más común del sistema musculoesquelético que afecta a los recién nacidos, la DDH representa un amplio espectro de patología, si no se trata adecuadamente puede causar complicaciones como daño secundario al fémur, destrucción. del cartílago articular e incluso graves alteraciones del movimiento. Conclusión: El cribado clínico de DDH se considera ventajoso respecto a ningún cribado, tanto en términos de coste como de resultados favorables. El manejo de la DDH varía según dos factores, la edad y la gravedad de la enfermedad. En bebés menores de seis meses la recomendación es aplicar una férula de abducción y controlar la progresión de la enfermedad mediante ecografías seriadas. Si no hay una respuesta adecuada a la inmovilización, el bebé puede someterse a un procedimiento quirúrgico.Objetivo: O objetivo geral do presente estudo consiste em analisar a produção científica acerca dos métodos de rastreio utilizados para o diagnóstico precoce e oportuno da DDQ, além de averiguar os recursos e métodos terapêuticos disponíveis para o tratamento da mesma.  Metodologia: As buscas foram realizadas por meio de pesquisas nas bases de dados PubMed Central (PMC). e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). Foram utilizados seis descritores em combinação com o termo booleano “AND”:  Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip, Orthopedics, Clinical Diagnosis, Risk Factors, pediatrics e Signs and Symptoms. Sendo encontrado 200 artigos, posteriormente submetidos aos critérios de seleção. Foram selecionados 16 estudos.  Resultados:  A displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril (DDQ) é considerada a doença congênita mais comum do sistema músculo-esquelético que acomete recém-nascidos, a DDQ representa um amplo espectro de patologia, se não tratada adequadamente pode causar complicações como danos secundários ao fêmur, destruição da cartilagem articular e até mesmo comprometimento grave do movimento. Conclusão: O rastreio clínico da DDQ é considerado vantajoso em relação a nenhum rastreio, tanto em termos de custo como de resultados favoráveis. O manejo da DDQ varia de acordo com dois fatores, a idade e a gravidade da doença. Em bebês com menos de seis meses a recomendação é aplicar uma tala de abdução e controlar a progressão da doença através de ecografia seriada, se não houver resposta adequada à imobilização ele poderá ser submetido a um procedimento cirúrgico.&nbsp

Reflexes of organizational management in the use of tax incentives of technological innovation

Este estudo investiga os reflexos da gestão organizacional na utilização dos incentivos fiscais de inovação tecnológica (Lei nº 11.196) (BRASIL, 2005). Pesquisa descritiva foi realizada por meio de estudo de múltiplos casos e abordagem qualitativa dos dados. A amostra da pesquisa foi constituída de sete empresas do ramo industrial e de prestação de serviços que utilizaram a Lei do Bem. Os resultados revelam que as empresas atribuem elevada importância para a legislação que retrata incentivos para investimentos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento em inovação tecnológica, e a viabilização de novos projetos de pesquisa para o desenvolvimento de processos, serviços e produtos. Concluiu-se que os benefícios estão relacionados a redução dos custos operacionais, aumento nos investimentos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento, melhoria na competitividade das empresas, incremento no desempenho organizacional e na geração de oportunidades de trabalho. Por outro lado, os achados indicam que há dificuldades quanto aos níveis de conhecimento e comprometimento dos profissionais das áreas de contabilidade e projetos para a execução e aproveitamento dos benefícios oriundos da Lei nº 11.196/2005.This study investigates the reflexes of organizational management in the use of tax incentives for technological innovation (Law nº 11.196) (BRASIL, 2005). Descriptive research was performed through multiple case studies and qualitative data approach. The research sample consisted of seven companies from the industrial and service sectors that used the Law of Good. The results reveal that companies attach great importance to the legislation that represents incentives for research and development investments in technological innovation, and the feasibility of new research projects for the development of processes, services and products. It was concluded that the benefits are related to the reduction of operating costs, increase in investments in research and development, improvement in the competitiveness of companies, increase in organizational performance and generation of job opportunities. On the other hand, the findings indicate that there are difficulties regarding the levels of knowledge and commitment of the accounting and project professionals to the execution and use of benefits derived from Law nº 11.196/2005

REFLEXOS DA GESTÃO ORGANIZACIONAL NOS INCENTIVOS FISCAIS DE INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA

Este estudo investiga os reflexos da gestão organizacional na utilização dos incentivos fiscais de inovação tecnológica (Lei nº 11.196/2005). Pesquisa descritiva foi realizada por meio de estudo de múltiplos casos e abordagem qualitativa dos dados. A amostra da pesquisa foi constituída de sete empresas do ramo industrial e de prestação de serviços que utilizaram a Lei do Bem. Os resultados revelam que as empresas atribuem elevada importância para a legislação que retrata incentivos para investimentos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento em inovação tecnológica, e a viabilização de novos projetos de pesquisa para o desenvolvimento de processos, serviços e produtos. Concluiu-se que os benefícios estão relacionados a redução dos custos operacionais, aumento nos investimentos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento, melhoria na competitividade das empresas, incremento no desempenho organizacional e na geração de oportunidades de trabalho. Por outro lado, os achados indicam que há dificuldades quanto aos níveis de conhecimento e comprometimento dos profissionais das áreas de contabilidade e projetos para a execução e aproveitamento dos benefícios oriundos da Lei nº 11.196/2005

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data