Human Pathogenic Mycotoxins: Current Research and Emerging Trends

Fish utilization has been growing worldwide, primarily due to the availability, access, and price in relevance different style of meat consumption, such as grouse, pork, and poultry. Therefore, some problems begin to return back forward, primarily regarding the quality of fish on the market among the market. Fish health management is one all told the foremost vital problems among the assembly of cultivation species. Associate in nursing integer of studies has been conducted to acknowledge new procedures for reducing health problem of usually farmed species. Residues may be gift in any product of animal origin reason cost-effective losses and putt into a hazard human and animal welfare. Foodstuff contamination by mycotoxins may be a risk to human and animal health, and its in command of vital economic losses. Scenery phytotoxin laws are a flowery activity that involves interested parties and several other factors, each of a scientific and socio-economic nature might influence the institution of plant toxin limits and rules. The many countries had developed definite limits for mycotoxins in foodstuffs and feedstuffs, and therefore the number persists to grow, but the residual acceptable of mycotoxins within the fish remains nonexistent. Poison formation in agriculture foodstuffs happens in hot and wet weather, and inadequate or deficient storage facilities. In recent years, aflatoxins (AFs) and its environmental effects area unit mentioned in cultivation. This review is concentrated on effects of AFs in development

Isgur-Wise function in a QCD potential model with coulombic potential as perturbation

We study heavy light mesons in a QCD inspired quark model with the Cornell potential$-\frac{4\alpha_{S}}{3r}+br+c$. Here we consider the linear term $br$ as the parent and $-\frac{4\alpha_{S}}{3r}+c$ i.e.the Coloumbic part as the perturbation.The linear parent leads to Airy function as the unperturbed wavefunction. We then use the Dalgarno method of perturbation theory to obtain the total wavefunction corrected upto first order with Coulombic peice as the perturbation.With these wavefunctions, we study the Isgur-Wise function and calculate its slope and curvature.Comment: paper has been modified in Airy functions calculation upto o(r^3

Pattern of lipid fractions in plasma and cardiovascular tissues under Cryptorchidism in albino rat

Bilateral cryptorchidism was induced surgically in adult wistar strain male albino rats and lipid fractions such as total lipids, total cholesterol, Free cholesterol, Esterified cholesterol, phospholipids, Triglycerides and free fatty acids were analysed in the plasma, heart and dorsal aorta. The lipid fractions such as triglycerides (56.63%), free (20.82%) and esterified (61.25%) cholesterol as well as fatty acids in glycerol (64.42%) had significant elevation in the plasma of cryptorchid animals. Similarly LDL lipid fractions (64.99%) were also elevated markedly undercryptorchid conditions which are the markers of the obesity and atherosclerosis. The lipid fractions such as triglycerides (50.47%, 48.17%), cholesterol (74.64%, 67.7%) and phospholipids (42.04%, 68.88%) showed significant elevations in the heart and dorsal aorta of the cryptorchid animals over the control. The heart, dorsal aorta and plasma had significant accumulation of triglycerides and cholesterol fractions, suggesting the possible deposition of lipid fractions in the tissues, which can be attributed to the possible suppression in the mobilization of lipid fractions into energy metabolism. Such an accumulation of lipid fractions under cryptorchid condition can be considered as the development of risk factor for the cardio-vascular disorders

Suppressing Proton Decay in the Minimal SO(10) Model

We show that in a class of minimal supersymmetric SO(10) models which have been found to be quite successful in predicting neutrino mixings, all proton decay modes can be suppressed by a particular choice of Yukawa textures. This suppression works for contributions from both left and right operators for nucleon decay and for arbitrary \tan\beta. The required texture not only fits all lepton and quark masses as well as CKM parameters but it also predicts neutrino mixing parameter U_e3 and Dirac CP phase \sin|\delta_MNS| to be 0.07-0.09 and 0.3-0.7 respectively. We also discuss the relation between the GUT symmetry breaking parameters for the origin of these textures.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

Ispaghula Husk-Based Extended Release Tablets of Diclofenac Sodium: Formulation, Evaluation and In vitro Release Studies

Purpose: To formulate extended-release tablets of diclofenac sodium based on ispaghula huskMethods: Tablets with varying proportions of diclofenac sodium and ispaghula husk were formulated by wet granulation technique at a fixed compression force of 10 kN. The formulated tablets were evaluated for physicochemical parameters as well as by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).Results: Content uniformity, weight variation, thickness and friability of the formulated tablets were within acceptable limits. The hardness of the tablet decreased from 5.4 to 4.2 kg/cm2 with increasing quantity of ispaghula husk in the formulation. In contrast, disintegration time increased from 12 to 70 min with increasing amount of husk. Tablets formulated with 1:0.25 and 1:0.5 drug/husk ratio failed to extend drug release whereas tablets prepared with 1:0.75 and 1:1 ratio extended release up to 5 and 6 h, respectively. FTIR, DSC and XRD analysis of tablets revealed the absence of diclofenac–ispaghula interaction and crystalline nature of diclofenac sodium. Drug release data fitted well with Korsmeyar-Peppas and the n value of 0.98 indicate non-Fickian diffusion. The tablets were stable on storage and retained its physicochemical properties within acceptable limits.Conclusion: The results indicate the possibility of formulating extended-release tablets based on ispaghula husk. The tablets were stable during storage and free from drug-excipient interactions. However further studies are required to ascertain the safety of the husk and to optimize the release properties of the tablets.Keywords: Ispaghula husk, Extended release tablet, Diclofenac sodium, Release kinetics

Adrenal hormone insufficiency impact on antioxidant metabolism in the tissues of rat

The effect of adrenelectomy was studied on the antioxidant metabolism in different tissues (Liver, heart, kidney and muscle) of rat. G-6-PDH was increased significantly in liver and heart and the same was decreased in kidney with a non significant change in muscle. SOD was significantly increased in heart and muscle. Catalase was significantly decreased in liver and muscle and was increased significantly in kidney. XOD showed significant decrease in liver and increase in heart, kidney and muscle. The present finding, in general, exhibit tissue specificalterations in free radical metabolism in conjunction with antioxidant defence mechanisms during adrenal hormone deficiency. It is also clear from the results that the mechanisms involved in selective activation / inhibition of different pathways seems to reflect multifaceted physiological adaptations as a compensatory measure during induced adrenalectomy

CFD Analysis of Water Flow Behaviour Inside a Falcon Bowl

In mineral processing, techniques like classification; gravity concentration, thickening etc. require extensive understanding on fluid flow characteistics and relative movement of solids in fluids. The complexities in the geometries of the individual operations along with variable feed characteristics and limited computational facilities forced the researchers to optimize the performance through empirical. Though they are very useful in the mineral industry for a long time, better insight on the process physics can be achieved through computational based fluid dynamics modeling, design and simulation. Out standing developments in the computational facilities in the recent past have opened up avenues for process design and simulation through these techniques. The present study is an attempt to simulate the mechanism of water flow inside a rotating Falcon Concentrator bowl using a commercially available CFD package Fluent

Where constructionism and critical realism converge: interrogating the domain of epistemological relativism

The paper interrogates the status, nature and significance of epistemological relativism as a key element of constructionism and critical realism. It finds that epistemological relativism is espoused by authorities in critical realism and marginalized or displaced in the field of management and organization studies, resulting in forms of analysis that are empirically, but not fully critically, realist. This evaluation prompts reflection on the question of whether, how and with what implications epistemological relativism might be recast at the heart of critical realist studies of management and organization

Assessment of ferritin and its association with C - reactive protein and malondialdehyde in acute myocardial infarction

Background: There is increasing evidence that moderately elevated body iron stores, below levels commonly found in genetic hemochromatosis, may be associated with adverse health outcomes. Ferritin status has been implicated in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and hypothesis is that high iron status is associated with increased oxidation of LDL. The main objective of study is to evaluate the ferritin status and its association with C - reactive protein, malondialdehyde and serum lipids in acute myocardial infarction patients compared with healthy volunteers.Methods: Sixty seven acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients in the age group of 30 to 50 years were selected for this study and 40 healthy age matched subjects were selected as control group. Diagnosis of AMI was made using guidelines of American College of Cardiology and European Society of Cardiology. The comprised group of 67 consecutive patients was divided based on the C - reactive protein (CRP) level into two groups (Group I <5 mg/L and Group II ≥5mg/L). Serum ferritin was assessed by ELISA method, C-reactive protein by turbilatex method and malondialdehyde (MDA) by Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) method. Routine investigations were analysed by ERBA EM-360 fully automated analyzer.Results: The mean serum ferritin level was significantly increased in AMI patient groups compared with controls. The group II patients showed significantly increased serum ferritin levels compared to group I. In both the groups ferritin levels positively correlated with CRP and malondialdehyde. In group II serum ferritin levels showed positive correlation with serum Cholesterol, TGL, LDL and negative correlation with and HDL.  In group I serum ferritin levels showed positive correlation with triglycerides and LDL and there was no statistical significant correlation with HDL and total cholesterol.Conclusions: Iron, an essential dietary constituent is now considered as a pro oxidant. Higher levels of ferritin, seems to be a strong risk factor for AMI. Regular monitoring of serum ferritin level can be useful in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Dynamical Decoupling in Optical Fibers: Preserving Polarization Qubits from Birefringent Dephasing

One of the major challenges in quantum computation has been to preserve the coherence of a quantum system against dephasing effects of the environment. The information stored in photon polarization, for example, is quickly lost due to such dephasing, and it is crucial to preserve the input states when one tries to transmit quantum information encoded in the photons through a communication channel. We propose a dynamical decoupling sequence to protect photonic qubits from dephasing by integrating wave plates into optical fiber at prescribed locations. We simulate random birefringent noise along realistic lengths of optical fiber and study preservation of polarization qubits through such fibers enhanced with Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) dynamical decoupling. This technique can maintain photonic qubit coherence at high fidelity, making a step towards achieving scalable and useful quantum communication with photonic qubits.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure