Observations on Kala Azar in North China

The cases of Kala Azar here brought under review have been treated at the Foster Hospital of the English Baptist Mission, at Chow-Tsun in the Province of Shantung, North China. With one or two exceptions, they have all come from two areas, in the same district about 100 miles from the hospital. There are sporadic cases within a few miles of it, but in the areas above mentioned the disease is endemic, nearly every village having a certain number of cases, and a majority of the families having a past or present history of the disease.Owing to the great distance from the hospital to the homes of the patients, and the impossibility of ensuring regular attendance at the Out-patient Department of such as come from the immediate vicinity, all the cases have been admitted to the wards and remained there during the course of treatment. Close observation has been possible in every case. All cases without regard to end-result have been included in the report so that a true estimate of the results of treatment can be obtained.The writer has personally supervised and examined every case, and all laboratory methods have been under his direct supervision. He has also personally examined every microscopical slide and has seen the Leishman-Donovan body in every case in which it has been reported as present

The Gas Temperature of Starless Cores in Perseus

In this paper we study the determinants of starless core temperatures in the Perseus molecular cloud. We use NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) observations to derive core temperatures (T_kin) and data from the COMPLETE Survey of Star Forming Regions and the c2d Spitzer Legacy Survey for observations of the other core and molecular cloud properties. The kinetic temperature distribution probed by NH3 is in the fairly narrow range of 9 - 15 K. We find that cores within the clusters IC348 and NGC1333 are significantly warmer than "field" starless cores, and T_kin is higher within regions of larger extinction-derived column density. Starless cores in the field are warmer when they are closer to class O/I protostars, but this effect is not seen for those cores in clusters. For field starless cores, T_kin is higher in regions in which the 13CO linewidth and the 1.1mm flux from the core are larger, and T_kin is lower when the the peak column density within the core and average volume density of the core are larger. There is no correlation between T_kin and 13CO linewidth, 1.1mm flux, density or peak column density for those cores in clusters. The temperature of the cloud material along the line of sight to the core, as measured by CO or far-infrared emission from dust, is positively correlated with core temperature when considering the collection of cores in the field and in clusters, but this effect is not apparent when the two subsamples of cores are considered separately.Comment: Accepted to ApJ; 13 pages, including 3 tables and three figure

Statistical Assessment of Shapes and Magnetic Field Orientations in Molecular Clouds through Polarization Observations

We present a novel statistical analysis aimed at deriving the intrinsic shapes and magnetic field orientations of molecular clouds using dust emission and polarization observations by the Hertz polarimeter. Our observables are the aspect ratio of the projected plane-of-the-sky cloud image, and the angle between the mean direction of the plane-of-the-sky component of the magnetic field and the short axis of the cloud image. To overcome projection effects due to the unknown orientation of the line-of-sight, we combine observations from 24 clouds, assuming that line-of-sight orientations are random and all are equally probable. Through a weighted least-squares analysis, we find that the best-fit intrinsic cloud shape describing our sample is an oblate disk with only small degrees of triaxiality. The best-fit intrinsic magnetic field orientation is close to the direction of the shortest cloud axis, with small (~24 deg) deviations toward the long/middle cloud axes. However, due to the small number of observed clouds, the power of our analysis to reject alternative configurations is limited.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Міжнародна наукова конференція "Архівознавство як наука"

Проаналізовано внесок істориків і архівістів України в розвиток архівної науки. Вказуються основні розділи архівознавства як науки, що вимагають подальших досліджень.Проанализирован вклад историков и архивистов Украины в развитие архивной науки. Указываются основные разделы архивоведения как науки, которые требуют дальнейших исследований.A contribution of Ukrainian historians and archivists to the archival science development is covered. The basic sections of the archival science which need the further study are indicated

Selective suppression of disproportionation reaction in solvent-less benzyl alcohol oxidation catalysed by supported Au-Pd nanoparticles

Disproportionation of benzyl alcohol has been identified as the source of toluene formation in the solvent free oxidation of benzyl alcohol using supported gold palladium catalysts. There is a slight increase in the disproportionation reaction, and hence the toluene selectivity, when this reaction is performed in a continuous mode using a micro-packed bed reactor when compared to the same reaction performed in a conventional glass stirred batch reactor. Oxidation and disproportionation reactions respond slightly differently to the changes in reaction parameters, like oxygen concentration and pressure, when a micro packed bed reactor was used instead of a conventional glass stirred reactor. When MgO supported gold–palladium catalysts were used for this reaction, the toluene selectivity reduced substantially at the cost of conversion

Submillimeter Polarization of Galactic Clouds: A Comparison of 350 micron and 850 micron Data

The Hertz and SCUBA polarimeters, working at 350 micron and 850 micron respectively, have measured the polarized emission in scores of Galactic clouds. Of the clouds in each dataset, 17 were mapped by both instruments with good polarization signal-to-noise ratios. We present maps of each of these 17 clouds comparing the dual-wavelength polarization amplitudes and position angles at the same spatial locations. In total number of clouds compared, this is a four-fold increase over previous work. Across the entire data-set real position angle differences are seen between wavelengths. While the distribution of \phi(850)-\phi(350) is centered near zero (near-equal angles), 64% of data points with high polarization signal-to-noise (P >= 3\sigma_p) have |\phi(850)-\phi(350)| > 10 degrees. Of those data with small changes in position angle (<= 10 degrees) the median ratio of the polarization amplitudes is P(850)/P(350) = 1.7 +/- 0.6. This value is consistent with previous work performed on smaller samples and models which require mixtures of different grain properties and polarization efficiencies. Along with the polarization data we have also compiled the intensity data at both wavelengths; we find a trend of decreasing polarization with increasing 850-to-350 micron intensity ratio. All the polarization and intensity data presented here (1699 points in total) are available in electronic format.Comment: 50 pages, 26 figures, one electronic data file. Submitted to ApJ