20 research outputs found

    Adapted Physical Activity Programme and Self-Perception in Obese Adolescents with Intellectual Disability: Between Morphological Awareness and Positive Illusory Bias

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    Background In adolescent with intellectual disability, the management of obesity is a crucial issue, yet also quite complex because of their particular perception of themselves. This study investigated the relationship between self-perception variables and morphological variables and their changes after a 9-month Adapted Physical Activity (APA) programme. Materials and Methods Twenty-three adolescents with intellectual disability responded to an adapted questionnaire, including the PSI-VSF-ID and a nine-drawing body silhouette scale. Anthropometric and body composition indicators were measured before and after the APA programme. Results The main predictor of the adolescents' self-perceptions was the inclination towards positive illusory bias before the intervention; obesity awareness ranked second. Morphological measurements did not contribute in the same way to self-perceptions in the initial and final data. Conclusions This study confirms the interest of weight management programmes for adolescents with intellectual disability and points to the need to take positive illusory bias more fully into account in the study of self-perception

    Why aren’t they involved in physical activities? The hypothesis of negative self-perception due to past physical activity experiences

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    We conducted preliminary studies testing the relevance of a new construct for understanding women’s uninvolvement in regular physical activity: negative self-perception due to past PA experiences (NSPPPAE). In study 1, we tested the clarity of a three-item scale and computed principal component analysis, standardized Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, and test-retest reliability using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In study 2, we performed principal component analysis, Pearson’s correlation tests, and multiple regression analysis to determine (1) NSPPPAE’s association with variables related to PA involvement and (2) NSPPPAE’s power to predict time spent in vigorous or moderate recreational activity. The scale showed satisfactory internal consistency and good test-retest reliability. NSPPPAE was positively associated with time barrier (r = .31), tiredness barrier (r = .52), age (r = .15), and BMI (r = .28), and negatively associated with time in recreational activity (r = −.36). It significantly predicted (ÎČ = −.20, p = .003) time in recreational activity. This construct provides deeper insight into women’s uninvolvement in regular PA

    Physical ability, cervical function, and walking plantar pressure in frail and pre-frail older adults: An attentional focus approach

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    International audienceAging and increased vulnerability define the clinical condition of frailty. However, while the cervical function is recognized as a determinant of balance and walking performance, no study simultaneously physical ability, cervical function, balance, and plantar pressure distribution in walking in nursing house population. Thus, the present study aimed to compare these parameters between Frail and Pre-Frail aged people. Thirty-one (12 men and 19 women) institutionalized participants (age: 89.45 ± 5.27 years, weight: 61.54 ± 9.99 kg, height: 160.34 ± 7.93 cm) were recruited and divided into Pre-Frail and Frail groups according to SPPB (Short Physical Performance Battery) score (Frail <6, Pre-Frail ≄6). Participants performed the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) and a static balance evaluation. The cervical range of motion (COM), knee extensor strength, and walking plantar pressure distribution have been measured. The Pre-Frail group showed a higher gait speed (ES = 0.78, p ≀ 0.001) and a better TUGT, as well as higher knee extensor strength (ES = 0.4, p = 0.04). Furthermore, the Pre-Frail group presented a center of pressure (COP) displacement velocity on the sagittal axis (ES = 0.43, p = 0.02) and a more COP projection on this axis (ES = 0.43, p = 0.02). No significant difference has been observed between the two groups concerning the total contact time and most of the plantar pressure parameters except for the rear foot relative contact time which was lower in the Pre-Frail group. The Pre-Frail group also showed better cervical tilt mobility (ES = 0.35, p = 0.04). This study highlights the influence of some new parameters on frailty in older people, such as cervical mobility and plantar pressure distribution in walking

    Activité physique pendant et aprÚs le cancer : comment prescrire et dans quels objectifs ?

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    International audienceToday, it is well known that the practice of a physical activity counteracts fatigue induced by cancer and its treatment. With a lower level of evidence, physical activity also improves a broad range of quality of life domains during and after cancer treatment. The improvement in body composition and physiopathologic biomarkers associated with the obtaining or maintenance of a good level of physical activity could possibly be associated with a better tolerance and efficacy of cancer treatments. An increase in cancer survival is expected thanks to the reduction of comorbidities associated to sedentary lifestyle or insufficiency of physical activity as well as to a possible effect on tumor growth. Doing nothing to prevent deconditioning and loss of muscle mass of physically active people diagnosed with a cancer is unacceptable. It is also unacceptable to do nothing to change the sedentary behavior and lack of physical activity of people with insufficient physical activity; these behaviors are recognized as a factor of increased risk, mortality and recurrence of cancer. The safety and clinical benefits of the implementation of adapted physical activity programs are demonstrated. The benefit in terms of increase of physical activity reported in these programs must be maintained in the long term. The positive behavior modifications for cancer patients are dependent of the improvement of knowledge and motivation of caregivers, but also of the provision of facilities for physical activity conducted under the supervision of competent professional and probably, of implementation of therapeutic education programs, all of them applied as soon as possible after diagnosis.L’activitĂ© physique a aujourd’hui prouvĂ© son efficacitĂ© en cancĂ©rologie dans le traitement de la fatigue induite par le cancer ou par ses traitements. Avec un niveau de preuve moindre, une amĂ©lioration de nombreux domaines de la qualitĂ© de vie au cours et au dĂ©cours des traitements est observĂ©e. Les modifications physiopathologiques et de la composition corporelle secondaires au maintien ou Ă  la restauration d’un niveau d’activitĂ© physique suffisant laissent espĂ©rer des effets sur la tolĂ©rance et l’efficacitĂ© des traitements. Une amĂ©lioration de la survie, soit par la rĂ©duction des comorbiditĂ©s liĂ©es Ă  la sĂ©dentaritĂ© et/ou Ă  l’insuffisance d’activitĂ© physique, soit par un Ă©ventuel effet direct sur la croissance tumorale, est espĂ©rĂ©e. Il est inacceptable de ne rien faire pour Ă©viter le dĂ©conditionnement et la perte de masse musculaire des personnes actives chez lesquelles est portĂ© le diagnostic de cancer. Il n’est pas plus acceptable de ne pas lutter contre le manque d’activitĂ© des personnes sĂ©dentaires ou peu actives alors mĂȘme que cette insuffisance d’activitĂ© physique est un facteur de surmortalitĂ©, de risque de cancer ou de rĂ©cidive plus frĂ©quente. La mise en place de programmes d’activitĂ© physique adaptĂ©e au patient, Ă  ses traitements, a fait la preuve de son innocuitĂ© et de ses bĂ©nĂ©fices cliniques. L’augmentation du niveau d’activitĂ© physique obtenue dans ces programmes doit se pĂ©renniser Ă  long terme. La modification du comportement des patients passe par une prise de conscience et la motivation des professionnels, par la mise en place d’une offre d’activitĂ© physique adaptĂ©e aux patients, encadrĂ©e par des professionnels formĂ©s et probablement par des programmes d’éducation thĂ©rapeutique, et ceci dĂšs le diagnostic

    ActivitĂ© physique et nutrition aprĂšs diagnostic d’un cancer

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    Survival after cancer diagnosis depends on the ability to achieve the most effective treatment and on the quality of rehabilitation after treatment. Nutritional care, which combines dietary management and physical activity, is necessary to maintain and improve body composition in order to optimize treatments and rehabilitation and must be integrated early in the individualized care program. Dietary management aims to prevent malnutrition. Physical activity aims to maintain muscle mass and function and, in patients in remission, to reduce excess adiposity; it definitely improves cancer-related fatigue and quality of life and may improve specific or overall survival.La survie aprĂšs le diagnostic d’un cancer dĂ©pend de la possibilitĂ© de rĂ©aliser les traitements les plus efficaces et de la qualitĂ© de la rĂ©habilitation aprĂšs le traitement. La prise en charge nutritionnelle, qui intĂšgre la diĂ©tĂ©tique et l’activitĂ© physique, est nĂ©cessaire au maintien et Ă  l’amĂ©lioration de la composition corporelle afin d’optimiser la rĂ©alisation de ces traitements et de la rĂ©habilitation et doit ĂȘtre intĂ©grĂ©e prĂ©cocement dans le programme personnalisĂ© de soins. La prise en charge diĂ©tĂ©tique vise Ă  Ă©viter une dĂ©nutrition. L’activitĂ© physique a pour objet de maintenir la masse et la fonction musculaires et, aprĂšs la rĂ©mission du cancer, de rĂ©duire une surcharge adipeuse ; elle amĂ©liore incontestablement la fatigue liĂ©e au cancer et Ă  ses traitements ainsi que la qualitĂ© de vie et peut avoir un effet sur la survie spĂ©cifique ou globale

    Activité physique et cancer

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    International audienceIl a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© que la pratique d’une activitĂ© physique (AP) dĂšs le diagnostic du cancer prĂ©sente de nombreux effets bĂ©nĂ©fiques bio-psycho-sociaux ; elle semble en outre avoir un impact sur la survie des patients. Il est primordial de promouvoir l’AP auprĂšs de tout patient, Ă  tout Ăąge, au cours du traitement et Ă  la suite de celui-ci, car ces bĂ©nĂ©fices ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ©s pour tous les stades de la prise en charge. De plus, les patients devraient pouvoir bĂ©nĂ©ficier d’une activitĂ© physique adaptĂ©e (APA) au plus tĂŽt dans le cadre de leurs soins. Les Ă©ventuels facteurs limitants la pratique de l’AP et les diffĂ©rents stades de sa maladie doivent cependant ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©s au cas par cas. L’objectif pour chaque patient est de tendre vers une pratique d’AP autonome, rĂ©guliĂšre et durable. Il est important de placer le patient au centre de la prise en charge et de l’accompagner afin qu’il intĂšgre des nouveaux comportements d’AP dans sa vie quotidienne. Les divers intervenants – soignants, enseignants en APA, kinĂ©sithĂ©rapeutes, Ă©ducateurs sportifs formĂ©s Ă  la cancĂ©rologie – seront au service des patients, dans une approche pluridisciplinaire
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