Weighting by Iteration: The Case of Ryll-Nardzewski’s Iterations

Aczél’s and Ryll-Nardzewski’s dyadic iterations are iterative procedures which associate to a given mean M a family of means { Md: d∈ Dyad ([ 0 , 1 ]) } parameterized by Dyad ([ 0 , 1 ]) , the dyadic fractions of the interval [0, 1]. Aczél’s iterations exhibit a nice characteristic: when M is a strict continuous mean and x < y, the set { Md(x, y) : d∈ Dyad ([ 0 , 1 ]) } is dense in [x, y]. This fact is in the basis of the construction of an algorithm of weighting for an ample class of means. In pursuit of a similar algorithm using Ryll-Nardzewski’s instead of Aczél’s iterations, a series of obstacles is found, which motivates the detailed study of these last conducted along this paper. Among other result of interest, several conditions on the mean M are identified which make viable a weighting algorithm based on these iterations.Fil: Berrone, Lucio Renato. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura. Escuela de Ingeniería Electrónica. Laboratorio de Acústica y Electroacústica; Argentin

A BEHAVIORAL PERSPECTIVE OF SEARCH IN NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS: HOW PROGRAMMATIC PERFORMANCE DRIVES FUNDRAISING EFFORTS

In this paper, we extend the BTOF to nonprofit organizations. Nonprofits hold both financial and higher-priority nonfinancial programmatic performance goals that relate to program spending directed to fulfill a social mission. We hypothesize that, while financial performance above aspirations decreases fundraising, programmatic performance above aspirations increases fundraising efforts. We also theorize that board size, environmental munificence, and program-generated revenue influence the extent of fundraising as a response to attainment discrepancies. We test our hypotheses using a panel dataset of 12,382 U.S. nonprofits and find support for several of our predictions

Generalized Cauchy means

Given two means M and N, the operator MM,NMM,N assigning to a given mean μ the mean MM,N(μ)(x,y)=M(μ(x,N(x,y)),μ(N(x,y),y)) was defined in Berrone and Moro (Aequationes Math 60:1–14, 2000) in connection with Cauchy means: the Cauchy mean generated by the pair f, g of continuous and strictly monotonic functions is the unique solution μ to the fixed point equation MA(f),A(g)(μ)=μ, where A(f) and A(g) are the quasiarithmetic means respectively generated by f and g. In this article, the operator MM,NMM,N is studied under less restrictive conditions and a general fixed point theorem is derived from an explicit formula for the iterates MnM,NMM,Nn . The concept of class of generalized Cauchy means associated to a given family of mixing pairs of means is introduced and some distinguished families of pairs are presented. The question of equality in these classes of means remains a challenging open problem.Fil: Berrone, Lucio Renato. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

An optimization approach for large scale simulations of discrete fracture network flows

In recent papers the authors introduced a new method for simulating subsurface flow in a system of fractures based on a PDE-constrained optimization reformulation, removing all difficulties related to mesh generation and providing an easily parallel approach to the problem. In this paper we further improve the method removing the constraint of having on each fracture a non empty portion of the boundary with Dirichlet boundary conditions. This way, Dirichlet boundary conditions are prescribed only on a possibly small portion of DFN boundary. The proposed generalization of the method in relies on a modified definition of control variables ensuring the non-singularity of the operator on each fracture. A conjugate gradient method is also introduced in order to speed up the minimization proces

Corporate ethical identity as a determinant of firm performance : a test of the mediating role of stakeholder satisfaction.

In this article, we empirically assess the impact of corporate ethical identity (CEI) on a firm’s financial performance. Drawing on formulations of normative and instrumental stakeholder theory, we argue that firms with a strong ethical identity achieve a greater degree of stakeholder satisfaction (SS), which, in turn, positively influences a firm’s financial performance. We analyze two dimensions of the CEI of firms: corporate revealed ethics and corporate applied ethics. Our results indicate that revealed ethics has informational worth and enhances shareholder value, whereas applied ethics has a positive impact through the improvement of SS. However, revealed ethics by itself (i.e. decoupled from ethical initiatives) is not sufficient to boost economic performance.Business ethics; Corporate ethical identity; Financial performance; Stakeholder satisfaction; Stakeholder theory;

An optimal adaptive Fictitious Domain Method

We consider a Fictitious Domain formulation of an elliptic partial differential equation and approximate the resulting saddle-point system using an inexact preconditioned Uzawa iterative algorithm. Each iteration entails the approximation of an elliptic problems performed using adaptive finite element methods. We prove that the overall method converges with the best possible rate and illustrate numerically our theoretical findings

A local-in-space-timestep approach to a finite element discretization of the heat equation with a posteriori estimates

A new numerical method is presented for the heat equation with discontinuous coefficients based on a Crank-Nicolson scheme and a conforming finite element space discretization. In the proposed method each node of the spatial discretization may have the global timestep split into an arbitrary number of local substeps in order to pursue a local improvement of the time discretization in the regions of the spatial domain where the solution changes rapidly. This method can possibly be used together with adaptive strategies for both the space discretization and the choice of timesteps to suitably produce an efficient space-time discretizaton of the problem. Robust a posteriori upper and lower bounds of the error are proposed to attain this target. Moreover, some indications are given on how to modify the mesh, the timestep, and the number of substeps to improve the discretizatio

CORPORATE ETHICAL IDENTITY AS DETERMINANT OF FIRM PERFORMANCE: A TEST OF THE MEDIATING ROLE OF STAKEHOLDER SATISFACTION

In this article, we empirically assess the impact of the Corporate Ethical Identity (CEI) on the firm’s financial performance. Drawing on formulation of both normative and instrumental stakeholder theory, we argue that firms with a strong ethical identity achieve greater degree of stakeholder satisfaction, which in turn, positively influence the firms’ financial performance. We further analyze two different dimensions of the CEI of firms: corporate revealed ethics and corporate applied ethics. Our results indicate that while revealed ethics has informational worth and enhance shareholder value, applied ethics has a positive impact through the improvement of stakeholder satisfaction. However, revealed ethics by itself (i.e. decoupled from ethical initiatives) is not sufficient to boost economic performance.