On the Expressiveness of LARA: A Unified Language for Linear and Relational Algebra

We study the expressive power of the Lara language - a recently proposed unified model for expressing relational and linear algebra operations - both in terms of traditional database query languages and some analytic tasks often performed in machine learning pipelines. We start by showing Lara to be expressive complete with respect to first-order logic with aggregation. Since Lara is parameterized by a set of user-defined functions which allow to transform values in tables, the exact expressive power of the language depends on how these functions are defined. We distinguish two main cases depending on the level of genericity queries are enforced to satisfy. Under strong genericity assumptions the language cannot express matrix convolution, a very important operation in current machine learning operations. This language is also local, and thus cannot express operations such as matrix inverse that exhibit a recursive behavior. For expressing convolution, one can relax the genericity requirement by adding an underlying linear order on the domain. This, however, destroys locality and turns the expressive power of the language much more difficult to understand. In particular, although under complexity assumptions the resulting language can still not express matrix inverse, a proof of this fact without such assumptions seems challenging to obtain

Lateral outflow from supercritical channels

Stormwater pollutants caused by urban runoff are a major concern for the Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority (AMAFCA), and other flood control authorities, as stormwater channels eventually are discharged into natural waterways. One method of improving stormwater quality is diverting frequent storms or the first flush of less frequent storms to a structural debris filter and/or a constructed wetland prior to reentrance into the channel. The focus of this study was to develop a procedure to allow determination of laterally diverted flows of stormwater from a supercritical channel for treatment. A range of design flows were tested and evaluated for a trapezoidal channel with a lateral outflow pipe. Lateral pipe angle, pipe invert, and vane configurations were tested for outflow efficiency and to observe hydraulic effects in the main channel. A bench-top model was constructed and tested to determine which pipe invert, configuration, and pipe diameter would be used for the larger scale experiments. An 8 inch (20.32 cm) diameter pipe set across the base of the channel with a pipe invert of 50% increased the diversion ratio within the range of 15% to 100%, depending on the configuration tested. Three pipe angles, 30°, 45° and 90°, were used in the experiment with the 30° pipe diverting the highest amount of water, with 97.8% being the lowest at a Froude number of 2.71 and velocity of 2.97 ft/s (0.905 m/s), with little to no negative hydraulic effects to channel flow. A uniform and tapered vane structure at different vane angles, 35°, 40° and 45°, was added to the different pipe angles to increase the diversion ratio. A tapered vane at a 45° vane angle diverted the most water, with a diversion ratio of 97.31% being the lowest at a Froude number of 2.96 and a velocity of 3.76 ft/s (1.15 m/s), with a stable jump upstream of the vane. HEC-RAS was used to model three different pipe angles relative to the main channel axis to determine if the numerical program was able to capture the hydraulic effects observed from the physical model. The results from the program are in agreement of the adverse affects that were seen at the different pipe angles. The program was able to capture the adverse hydraulic effects, rolling waves and hydraulics jumps, in the physical model with similar upstream velocity and Froude number values

MULTI-INSTRUMENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF ORPIMENT IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL MORTUARY CONTEXTS

Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.This paper reports on an unknown yellowish mineral compound found in an archaeological context from Chorrillos cemetery (Calama, Chile) dating to the Early Formative period (800 - 200 B.C.). We used optic microscopy, SEM, EDX, 1H-RMN, 13C-RMN, and infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy to tease out the chemical and molecular composition of the sample. The microscopic images show amorphous yellowish granulates with heterogeneous chemical surfaces. 1H-RMN and 13C-RMN negative results show that the sample is free of organic matter. The SEM and EDX indicate the presence of arsenic and sulfur in the sample. The IR and Raman analyses suggest the presence of orpiment which is a toxic yellow arsenic sulfide mineral.http://ref.scielo.org/mfcms

The experience with economic-demographic models for Brazil description and results

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Proposta de indicadores de uso múltiplo de recursos hídricos aplicado em bacias hidrográficas: estudo de caso - região hidrográfica Tocantins-Araguaia

The strategic and integrated planning of watersheds aims at the multiple use of water with greater efficiency and sustainability, using management tools and instruments for this purpose. Such tools help both in decision making and in informing the population, community and direct users about the current reality of resources and use of watersheds. Thus, this study proposes the development of indicators, whose main objective is to characterize the situation of watersheds in terms of the capacity to meet the demands of water resource use. The methodology proposes a system that uses available data, starting with the systemization of data, definition of preferences and parameters, previously determining the ways of obtaining and following for the treatment and aggregation, resulting in a group of indicators. The Tocantins-Araguaia hydrographic region (RHTA), was defined as a case study because it is one of great water importance for the country and presents great potential for growth in the use of water resources. The result obtained from the analysis of the indicators generated by the study showed the great water potential and importance of the Tocantins River basin, as well as the need for integrated planning between the uses for some watersheds, which are at a critical level of scarcity.O planejamento estratégico e integrado de bacias hidrográficas objetiva o uso múltiplo das águas com maior eficiência e sustentabilidade, utilizando, para isso, instrumentos e ferramentas de gestão. Tais ferramentas auxiliam tanto na tomada de decisões quanto no quesito de informar à população, comunidade e usuários diretos sobre a atual realidade dos recursos e aproveitamentos de bacias. O presente estudo propõe o desenvolvimento de indicadores, que têm como objetivo principal caracterizar a situação de bacias hidrográficas quanto à capacidade de suprir as demandas dos usos de recursos hídricos. A metodologia propõe um sistema que utiliza dados oficiais livres, iniciando pela sistematização desses dados, definição de preferências e parâmetros, e seguindo para o tratamento e agregação, resultando em um grupo de indicadores. A região hidrográfica do Tocantins-Araguaia (RHTA) foi definida como estudo de caso por ser uma de grande importância hídrica para o país. O resultado obtido identificou grande potencial hídrico bacia dos rios Tocantins e Araguaia, bem como a necessidade do planejamento integrado entre os usos para algumas bacias da RHTA, que se encontram em nível crítico de escassez

Elaboración de un documental del parque nacional “LLanganates”, ubicado en la provincia de Cotopaxi cantón Salcedo, para potencializar la afluencia de turistas nacionales e internacionales en el período 2015

The “Llanganates” National Park is one of the only places in the world considered by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) as Ramsar place. It has a lot of attractions and it is a home to a rich biodiversity about flora and fauna, but is little known by tourists because it has not been promoted potentially. This research objective is to make a documentary about “Llanganates” National Park in order to promote and increase the national and international tourists attendance in this ecological reserve. It is important to show to visitors about beauty of this tourist attractions about this natural temple possesses, the Bibliographic-Documentary research, descriptive and field and data collection techniques like surveys and interviews by a questionnaire, were used to develop this research, also by using the statistical method could interpret the collected results….El Parque Nacional Llanganates es uno de los lugares únicos en el Mundo considerado por la UICN (Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza) como sitio RAMSAR. Posee una gran cantidad de atractivos turísticos y es hábitat de una muy rica biodiversidad, de flora y de fauna, pero es poco conocido por los turistas ya que no se ha promocionado de manera masiva. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es elaborar un documental del Parque Nacional Llanganates, para promocionar y aumentar la afluencia de turistas nacionales e internacionales en esta reserva ecológica…

Asymmetric competitive effects during species range expansion: an experimental assessment of interaction strength between ‘equivalent’ grazer species in their range overlap.

1. Biotic interactions are central to the development of theory and concepts in community ecology; experimental evidence has shown their strong effects on patterns of population and community organization and dynamics over local spatial scales. The role of competition in determining range limits and preventing invasions at biogeographic scales is more controversial, partly because of the complexity of processes involved in species colonization of novel habitats and the difficulties in performing appropriate manipulations and controls. 2. We examined experimentally whether competition is likely to affect poleward range expansion hindering or facilitating the establishment of the limpet Scurria viridula along the southeastern Pacific rocky shore (30°S, Chile) in the region occupied by the congeneric S. zebrina. We also assessed whether competition with the “invader” or range expanding species could reduce individual performance of the ‘native’ S. zebrina and depress local populations 3. Geographic field surveys were conducted to characterize the abundance and identity of limpets along the south-eastern Pacific coast from 18°S to 41°S, and the micro-scale (few cm) spatial distribution across the range overlap of the two species. Field-based competition experiments were conducted at the southern leading edge of the range of S. viridula (33°S) and at the northern limit of S. zebrina (30°S). 4. Field surveys showed poleward range expansion of S. viridula of ca. 210 km since year 2000, with an expansion rate of 13.1 km year -1. No range shift was detected for S. zebrina. The resident S. zebrina had significant negative effects on the growth rate of the invading juvenile S. viridula, while no effect of the latter was found on S. zebrina. Spatial segregation between species was found at the scale of cms. 5. Our results provide novel evidence of an asymmetric competitive effect of a resident species on an invader, which may hamper further range expansion. No negative effect of the invader on the resident species was detected. This study highlights the complexities of evaluating the role of species interactions in setting range limits of species, but showed how interspecific competition might slow the advance of an invader by reducing individual performance and overall population size at the advancing front

La gestión administrativa y la innovación pedagógica en cinco instituciones de educación formal de fe y alegría regional oriente, periodo 2015 - 2020

El objetivo de esta monografía se enfoca en analizar la gestión de la administración de Fe y Alegría de Colombia entre el año 2015 al 2020 que permita la innovación pedagógica en cinco instituciones de educación formal adscritas en su Regional Oriente; para dar respuesta a este objetivo, se realiza un proceso de caracterización e identificación de la organización Fe y Alegría de Colombia, la cual desde su plan estratégico determina el funcionamiento en red de las diferentes áreas de gestión, lo que permite que los procesos educativos desarrollen la propuesta de innovación para la transformación en las instituciones de educación formal. Como parte del análisis propuesto en este trabajo, se plantea la hipótesis: “las prácticas que implementan la gestión administrativa en los centros educativos: Institución Educativa Monseñor Jaime Prieto Amaya, Institución Educativa Minuto de Dios Policarpa Salavarrieta, Institución Educativa Los Colorados, Institución Educativa Mario Morales Delgado e Institución Educativa Juan Francisco Sarasti Jaramillo; pertenecientes a la Regional Oriente, se articulan y favorece la implementación del modelo de innovación educativa propuesto por Fe y Alegría”, para validar esta hipótesis fue necesario caracterizar a los Administradores de las cinco instituciones educativas y reconocer elementos fundamentales necesarios para articular el dialogo administrativo con el pedagógico, acción inherente a su rol como profesional y derivado en su interacción permanente en el equipo directivo de la institución. El articular los procesos administrativos en la ejecución de un modelo pedagógico que busca que se innove en la práctica educativa, genera una reflexión sobre la importancia fundamental que tiene la administración en la educación, ya que, la alineación de la práctica administrativa con la práctica educativa consolida los objetivos estratégicos así como el cumplimento de los resultados de acuerdo a las metas propuestas por la organización Fe y Alegría de Colombia, posicionándose como un actor determinante en la educación pública del país.The objective of this monograph focuses on analyzing the management of the administration of Fe y Alegría Colombia between 2015 and 2020 that allows pedagogical innovation in five institutions of formal education attached in its Regional East; to respond to this objective, a process of characterization and identification of the organization Fe y Alegría de Colombia is carried out, which from its strategic plan determines the network operation of the different management areas, which allows educational processes to develop the innovation proposal for transformation in formal education institutions. As part of the analysis proposed in this work, the hypothesis arises: "the practices that implement administrative management in schools: Educational Institution Monsignor Jaime Prieto Amaya, Educational Institution Minuto de Dios Policarpa Salavarrieta, Educational Institution Los Colorados, Educational Institution Mario Morales Delgado and Educational Institution Juan Francisco Sarasti Jaramillo; belonging to the Regional Oriente, they articulate and promote the implementation of the model of educational innovation proposed by Fe y Alegría", to validate this hypothesis it was necessary to characterize the Administrators of the five educational institutions and recognize fundamental elements necessary to articulate the administrative dialogue with the pedagogical, an action inherent in their role as professional and derived in their permanent interaction in the management team of the institution. Articulating administrative processes in the execution of a pedagogical model that seeks to innovate in educational practice, generates a reflection on the fundamental importance that administration has in education, since, the alignment of administrative practice with educational practice consolidates the strategic objectives as well as the fulfillment of the results according to the goals proposed by the organization Fe y Alegría de Colombia , positioning itself as a decisive player in the public education of the country